Pengaruh Kadar Air Awal Kayu Jati Dan Suhu Curing Perekat Pada Kekuatan Geser Sambungan Kayu Jati (Tectona Grandis) Secara Perekatan

Adhesively wood-wood bonded joint has been widely used in structural applications, however because wood is a hygroscopic material that absorbed water from environment, hence the absorbed water affects the joints performance. The objective of the paper is to investigate water absorbtion and desorbtion behaviour and the combined effect of absorbed water into the wood before being bonded and adhesive curing temperature on the shear strength of teak wood joints. The initial water content in the wood was 0%, 37%, and 54%, while the curing temperature was a  room temperature for 24 hours, 50°C for 6 hours, and 100°C for 3 hours. The water absorbtion behaviour of teak wood deviate from the Fick's law, however the desorbtion tends to follow the Fick's law. Moreover the rate of absorbtion is higher than the rate of desorbtion. At the same curing temperature, the increase of water content decreases the shear strength of the joints; however the decrease was compensated by increasing the curing temperature. Curing at a high temperature (100 oC) improves the joints strength in all moisture content studied and the failure of the joints occurs at the wood

Pineapple peel industry determination with weighted location method

This study discusses alternative fuels to replace gasoline with bioethanol. Bioethanol can be produced including pineapple, where the peel can be used to be converted into bioethanol instead of gasoline. The use of pineapple peel for small-scale production in this study was the main focus, so that the community would get benefit from the economic value. The community to use pineapple peel is the main concern, to get information about the capacity of an area. Measurement of capacity is carried out by taking into account transportation, raw material, land, energy, labour, waste, and market factors. The assessment was carried out on five zones of pineapple farming using analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Each area is determined by its coordinates, then multiplied by the weight of each region produced. The calculation results show that the determination of area was chosen to be a smallscale bioethanol production area concerning with dependent on the policy, raw materials, and transportation factor, it show that policy factor must be exist to support the operation of bioethanol industry with pineapple peels material

EVALUATION OF DOUBLE-ROLL CRUSHER ON OIL PALM FRUIT BUNCHES AND EFFECT OF BRUISING LEVEL ON FREE FATTY ACIDS CONTENT

Sterilisation of oil palm fruit bunches at atmospheric pressure employed in palm oil mills hinders the penetration of steam into the inner layers of the bunch. Therefore, a double-roll bunch crusher was developed to increase the surface area of the bunch. However, this process will also contribute to bruised fruitlets, as well as exposing the oil to oxidation and increasing free fatty acids content. This study was carried out to evaluate the bruising level of the oil palm fruitlets after crushing, and the effect of preheating of the crushed fruit bunches on the increase of free fatty acids. The comparison was made to the bruising level of oil palm fruitlets at various points in the milling process and after crushing with the control sample of bunch collected from the plantation. It was found that the percentage of moderately-bruised fruitlets and heavily-bruised fruitlets after crushing increased from 5.96% to 13.06%, and 2.15% to 14.14%, respectively. Harsh handling during transportation of oil palm fruit bunches was found to increase the bruising level by 23%. The increment of free fatty acids was successfully halted through the preheating of the crushed bunches. Results also showed that the use of bunch crusher was effective in allowing penetration of steam into the inner parts of the oil palm fruit bunches. The crushing also shortened the sterilisation process of the oil palm fruit bunches at atmospheric pressure compared to that of the pressurised batch sterilisation process

Alternative organic fuel determination with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Fuel is a main staple consumption of the industry, especially in Indonesia which is an industrial zone. Availability of fosil fuel is become decline day by day, according to that fenomena finding new fuel come from non fossil resources become important. This research is studied about finding potential fuel resources come from organic resources, such as cassava, cocoa, corn, pineapple, & potato. Factors that observed in this research namely availability of resources, social responsiveness, capability production, economy, technology, education, and policy. Data come from stakeholders that involved in produce, manage, and using the resources observed in the form of subjective preference. To anticipate the complexity of taking a decision in this research, analytical hierarchy process model used to formulate and proceed multi variable impact come from the factors that affected the determination new fuel resources to develop. The final result showed that an organic fuel resources determine by the biggest weight is policy factor. It means that people live around organic fuel resources must be supported first, by the government policy to operate the activity of transforming pineapple peel to be gasoline in the small scale industry

Student Traveler : Let’s Explore Indonesia

Learning English is a must-have skill, particularly for the millennial generation, which will compete globally with people from all over the world. Mastering English is no longer a choice; it is an unavoidable must. Language, particularly English, serves as a portal to the rest of the world. Reading and writing are essential skills for all students, especially as they strive to become more insightful students who will be fully useful and knowledgeable human beings in the future. As a result, students will have the insight and knowledge necessary to construct and govern this country as future leaders. Writing, in addition to reading, is a requirement for demonstrating students’ linguistic competence. Writing is one of our methods for ensuring the survival and continuance of our information. This book chapter includes information that will help everyone to travel either all around Indonesia or the world