3,258 research outputs found
Diagrammatic calculation of energy spectrum of quantum impurity in degenerate Bose-Einstein condensate
In this paper we considered a quantum particle moving through delute
Bose-Einstein condensate at zero temperature. In our formulation the impurity
particle interacts with the gas of uncoupled Bogoliubov's excitations. We
constructed the perturbation theory for the Green's function of the impurity
particle with respect to the impurity-condensate interaction employing the
coherent-state path integral approach. The perturbative expansion for the
Green's function is resumed into the expansion for its poles with the help of
the diagrammatic technique developed in this work. The dispersion relation for
the impurity clothed by condensate excitations is obtained and effective mass
is evaluated beyond the Golden rule approximation
Lattice Gauge Theory Sum Rule for the Shear Channel
An exact expression is derived for the thermal correlator of
shear stress in SU() lattice gauge theory. I remove a logarithmic
divergence by taking a suitable linear combination of the shear correlator and
the correlator of the energy density. The operator product expansion shows that
the same linear combination has a finite limit when . It
follows that the vacuum-subtracted shear spectral function vanishes at large
frequencies at least as fast as and obeys a sum rule. The
trace anomaly makes a potential contribution to the spectral sum rule which
remains to be fully calculated, but which I estimate to be numerically small
for . By contrast with the bulk channel, the shear channel
spectral density is then overall enhanced as compared to the spectral density
in vacuo.Comment: 11 pages, no figure
Once more on extra quark-lepton generations and precision measurements
Precision measurements of -boson parameters and -boson and -quark
masses put strong constraints on non singlet New Physics. We
demonstrate that one extra generation passes electroweak constraints even when
all new particle masses are well above their direct mass bounds.Comment: Dedicated to L.B. Okun's 80th birthda
Topological Phenomena in the Real Periodic Sine-Gordon Theory
The set of real finite-gap Sine-Gordon solutions corresponding to a fixed
spectral curve consists of several connected components. A simple explicit
description of these components obtained by the authors recently is used to
study the consequences of this property. In particular this description allows
to calculate the topological charge of solutions (the averaging of the
-derivative of the potential) and to show that the averaging of other
standard conservation laws is the same for all components.Comment: LaTeX, 18 pages, 3 figure
Time machines: the Principle of Self-Consistency as a consequence of the Principle of Minimal Action
We consider the action principle to derive the classical, non-relativistic
motion of a self-interacting particle in a 4-D Lorentzian spacetime containing
a wormhole and which allows the existence of closed time-like curves. For the
case of a `hard-sphere' self-interaction potential we show that the only
possible trajectories (for a particle with fixed initial and final positions
and which traverses the wormhole once) minimizing the classical action are
those which are globally self-consistent, and that the `Principle of
self-consistency' (originally introduced by Novikov) is thus a natural
consequence of the `Principle of minimal action.'Comment: 26 pages, plain latex; modified version includes extra constraint for
collinear collision case and other minor misprints correction
Testing for Non-Gaussianity in the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe Data: Minkowski Functionals and the Length of the Skeleton
The three Minkowski functionals and the recently defined length of the
skeleton are estimated for the co-added first-year Wilkinson Microwave
Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data and compared with 5000 Monte Carlo simulations,
based on Gaussian fluctuations with the a-priori best-fit running-index power
spectrum and WMAP-like beam and noise properties. Several power
spectrum-dependent quantities, such as the number of stationary points, the
total length of the skeleton, and a spectral parameter, gamma, are also
estimated. While the area and length Minkowski functionals and the length of
the skeleton show no evidence for departures from the Gaussian hypothesis, the
northern hemisphere genus has a chi^2 that is large at the 95% level for all
scales. For the particular smoothing scale of 3.40 degrees FWHM it is larger
than that found in 99.5% of the simulations. In addition, the WMAP genus for
negative thresholds in the northern hemisphere has an amplitude that is larger
than in the simulations with a significance of more than 3 sigma. On the
smallest angular scales considered, the number of extrema in the WMAP data is
high at the 3 sigma level. However, this can probably be attributed to the
effect of point sources. Finally, the spectral parameter gamma is high at the
99% level in the northern Galactic hemisphere, while perfectly acceptable in
the southern hemisphere. The results provide strong evidence for the presence
of both non-Gaussian behavior and an unexpected power asymmetry between the
northern and southern hemispheres in the WMAP data.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Green-Kubo formula for heat conduction in open systems
We obtain an exact Green-Kubo type linear response result for the heat
current in an open system. The result is derived for classical Hamiltonian
systems coupled to heat baths. Both lattice models and fluid systems are
studied and several commonly used implementations of heat baths, stochastic as
well as deterministic, are considered. The results are valid in arbitrary
dimensions and for any system sizes. Our results are useful for obtaining the
linear response transport properties of mesoscopic systems. Also we point out
that for systems with anomalous heat transport, as is the case in
low-dimensional systems, the use of the standard Green-Kubo formula is
problematic and the open system formula should be used.Comment: 4 page
Responses of the Brans-Dicke field due to gravitational collapses
We study responses of the Brans-Dicke field due to gravitational collapses of
scalar field pulses using numerical simulations. Double-null formalism is
employed to implement the numerical simulations. If we supply a scalar field
pulse, it will asymptotically form a black hole via dynamical interactions of
the Brans-Dicke field. Hence, we can observe the responses of the Brans-Dicke
field by two different regions. First, we observe the late time behaviors after
the gravitational collapse, which include formations of a singularity and an
apparent horizon. Second, we observe the fully dynamical behaviors during the
gravitational collapse and view the energy-momentum tensor components. For the
late time behaviors, if the Brans-Dicke coupling is greater (or smaller) than
-1.5, the Brans-Dicke field decreases (or increases) during the gravitational
collapse. Since the Brans-Dicke field should be relaxed to the asymptotic value
with the elapse of time, the final apparent horizon becomes time-like (or
space-like). For the dynamical behaviors, we observed the energy-momentum
tensors around ~ -1.5. If the Brans-Dicke coupling is greater than
-1.5, the component can be negative at the outside of the black hole.
This can allow an instantaneous inflating region during the gravitational
collapse. If the Brans-Dicke coupling is less than -1.5, the oscillation of the
component allows the apparent horizon to shrink. This allows a
combination that violates weak cosmic censorship. Finally, we discuss the
implications of the violation of the null energy condition and weak cosmic
censorship.Comment: 28 pages, 14 figure
Nonperturbative SUSY Correlators at Finite Temperature
We calculate finite temperature effects on a correlation function in the two
dimensional supersymmetric nonlinear O(3) sigma model. The correlation function
violates chiral symmetry and at zero temperature it has been shown to be a
constant, which gives rise to a double-valued condensate. Within the bilinear
approximation we find an exact result in a one-instanton background at finite
temperature. In contrast to the result at zero temperature we find that the
correlation function decays exponentially at large distances.Comment: Latex, 27 pages, 1 Postscript figur
- …