Determination of the subcellular localisation of GIP and NPP1 proteins in Phytophtora cinnamomi tagged with green fluorescent protein

P. cinnamomi is considered one of the world's worst invasive pathogens with a serious threat to a wide range of plant species throughout the world. These species cause several billions of dollars of damage on crop, ornamental, and native plants and so far no efficient solutions have been found to control the disease. A notable characteristic of the interaction between plants and their microbial pathogens is the secretion by both partners of proteins that are associated with attack, defense, and counterdefense thus it’s fundamental to improve our knowledge about these proteins with the intention of finding a solution to the disease affecting the Chestnut.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Silencing the gip gene of Phytophthora cinnamomi by iRNA and subcellular localization of GIP and NPP1 proteins

Ink Disease is considered one of the most important causes of the decline of chestnut orchards. The break in yield of Castanea sativa Mill is mainly caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi one of the most aggressive and widespread plant pathogen causing enormous economic losses and up to now no efficient treatments are available to fight these pathogens. Because of the importance of chestnut at economical and ecological levels especially in Portugal, it becomes essential to explore the molecular mechanisms that determine the interaction between Phytophthora species and host plants through the study of proteins GIP and NPP1 produced by P.cinnamomi during the infection.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Incorporation of tocopherol-rich extracts from mushroom mycelia into yogurt

Consumers are well-informed about food additives and it is likely that they prefer natural additives over their synthetic analogues. Antioxidants represent a major class of food preservatives, among which tocopherols stand out as one of the most important examples. Interestingly, these compounds are present in relevant amounts in the mycelia of in vitro cultured mushrooms. Accordingly, the mycelia from Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii were used as alternative sources of tocopherols. These extracts were incorporated into different yogurt formulations, which were further compared among each other and with yogurts containing commercial α-tocopherol (E307), regarding their nutritional parameters, fatty acid profile and antioxidant activity. The proposed approach was validated as an effective functionalization strategy, particularly in the case of the G. lucidum mycelium, which showed the highest antioxidant potential, most likely as a result of its tocopherol profile. Furthermore, yogurts prepared with each mycelium extract allowed maintaining the nutritional properties observed in the “blank” yogurt formulation.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financial support to CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013), L. Barros and J. Barreira contracts. This work is funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of Project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-023289: DeCodE and Project Mobilizador Norte-01-0247-FEDER-024479: ValorNatural®.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pleurotus species as a source of bio-preservatives

Mushrooms are consumed worldwide not only as a part of the normal diet, but also as a delicacy due to their highly desirable taste and aroma. In addition to their nutritional value, mushrooms have been considered functional foods [1] and even as adjuvants in some therapies, namely chemotherapy [2]. This is because they are natural matrices rich in bioactive molecules, such as phenolic compounds, tocopherols, ascorbic acid, or carotenoids. In particular, tocopherols are powerful antioxidants that can be explored as natural food preservatives, in order to replace the widely used synthetic counterparts. With these aspects in mind, and given the evidence that the in vitro culture of mushrooms promotes the production of tocopherols [3], the present work aimed to sub-culture two different mushroom species by in vitro techniques, in order to enhance the production of tocopherols, and use the mycelium as sources of preservative ingredients for foodstuff. The species chosen for the study were two of the most consumed species worldwide, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm. and Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél. Firstly, both mushroom species were cultivated in different culture media (i.e., MMN complete, MMN incomplete and PDA), in order to optimize the ideal growth conditions. Since the best growth was obtained on PDA medium, both species were cultivated in PDB liquid medium, in order to obtain the amount of biomass required for the assays. After a period of approximately five weeks, the mycelia were recovered, freeze-dried and stored until further analyses. The tocopherols content was evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector. A formulation enriched in tocopherols will be prepared by extraction from the mycelium and further incorporated in cakes. Its preservative capacity will be assessed, through the evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties before and after incorporation in the foodstuff. The results will be compared with commercial available and used preservatives (i.e., ascorbic acid- natural antioxidant and potassium sorbate- synthetic preservative).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Documents multi-structurés : De la modélisation vers l\u27exploitation

La structuration multiple des documents pose différents types de problématiques. Parmi celles-ci la représentation des ces documents ainsi que leurs exploitations notamment dans un contexte de recherche d\u27information. Le problème principal réside dans le fait qu\u27il n\u27existe pas un formalisme standardisé permettant de matérialiser de manière appropriée et pérenne un document possédant plusieurs structures. Les travaux de recherche que nous avons mené au cours de cette thèse nous ont conduit à définir un modèle spécifique pour la représentation de ce type de documents. Le modèle MSDM (Multi-Structured Document Model) que nous proposons se veut un modèle générique intégrant des caractéristiques spécifiques aux documents multi-structurés tout en étant facilement exploitable. Partant de ce modèle nous avons proposé un formalisme, basé sur XML, appelé MultiX permettant la sérialisation de ces documents. Nous avons étudié l\u27exploitation de ces documents dans le contexte de la recherche d\u27information. Pour interroger efficacement les documents multi-structurés au format MultiX, nous avons développé une extension du langage XQuery sous forme d\u27une bibliothèque de fonctions spécifiques. Ces fonctions permettent une exploitation plus efficace et plus facile des documents MultiX. Pour valider nos propositions nous avons implémenté un framework offrant des possibilités de création d\u27analyse et de manipulation de documents multi-structurés

Documents multi-structurés: de la modélisation vers l'exploitation

In this thesis manuscript we propose a generic model, called MSDM (Multi-Structured Document Model), which allows integrating the specific characteristics of the multi-structured documents in an appropriate representation. In the MSDM model several important concepts have been defined in order to facilitate the multi-structured documents exploitation. Using this model we have proposed an XML-based formalism, called MultiX, allowing the multi-structured document serialization. We have also explored the multi-structured document exploitation in the information retrieval context. In order to allow efficient querying possibilities on MultiX documents, we have extended the XQuery language by developing a specific functions library. These functions allow a more efficient and easy exploration of the multi-structured documents encoded in the MultiX formalism. To validate our propositions we have implemented a specific framework which we have built around an implementation of the MSDM model.La structuration multiple des documents pose différents types de problématiques. Parmi celles-ci la représentation des ces documents ainsi que leurs exploitations notamment dans un contexte de recherche d’information. Le problème principal réside dans le fait qu’il n’existe pas un formalisme standardisé permettant de matérialiser de manière appropriée et pérenne un document possédant plusieurs structures. Les travaux de recherche que nous avons mené au cours de cette thèse nous ont conduit à définir un modèle spécifique pour la représentation de ce type de documents. Le modèle MSDM (Multi-Structured Document Model) que nous proposons se veut un modèle générique intégrant des caractéristiques spécifiques aux documents multi-structurés tout en étant facilement exploitable. Partant de ce modèle nous avons proposé un formalisme, basé sur XML, appelé MultiX permettant la sérialisation de ces documents. Nous avons étudié l’exploitation de ces documents dans le contexte de la recherche d’information. Pour interroger efficacement les documents multi-structurés au format MultiX, nous avons développé une extension du langage XQuery sous forme d’une bibliothèque de fonctions spécifiques. Ces fonctions permettent une exploitation plus efficace et plus facile des documents MultiX. Pour valider nos propositions nous avons implémenté un framework offrant des possibilités de création d’analyse et de manipulation de documents multi-structurés

Documents multi-structurés: de la modélisation vers l'exploitation

In this thesis manuscript we propose a generic model, called MSDM (Multi-Structured Document Model), which allows integrating the specific characteristics of the multi-structured documents in an appropriate representation. In the MSDM model several important concepts have been defined in order to facilitate the multi-structured documents exploitation. Using this model we have proposed an XML-based formalism, called MultiX, allowing the multi-structured document serialization. We have also explored the multi-structured document exploitation in the information retrieval context. In order to allow efficient querying possibilities on MultiX documents, we have extended the XQuery language by developing a specific functions library. These functions allow a more efficient and easy exploration of the multi-structured documents encoded in the MultiX formalism. To validate our propositions we have implemented a specific framework which we have built around an implementation of the MSDM model.La structuration multiple des documents pose différents types de problématiques. Parmi celles-ci la représentation des ces documents ainsi que leurs exploitations notamment dans un contexte de recherche d’information. Le problème principal réside dans le fait qu’il n’existe pas un formalisme standardisé permettant de matérialiser de manière appropriée et pérenne un document possédant plusieurs structures. Les travaux de recherche que nous avons mené au cours de cette thèse nous ont conduit à définir un modèle spécifique pour la représentation de ce type de documents. Le modèle MSDM (Multi-Structured Document Model) que nous proposons se veut un modèle générique intégrant des caractéristiques spécifiques aux documents multi-structurés tout en étant facilement exploitable. Partant de ce modèle nous avons proposé un formalisme, basé sur XML, appelé MultiX permettant la sérialisation de ces documents. Nous avons étudié l’exploitation de ces documents dans le contexte de la recherche d’information. Pour interroger efficacement les documents multi-structurés au format MultiX, nous avons développé une extension du langage XQuery sous forme d’une bibliothèque de fonctions spécifiques. Ces fonctions permettent une exploitation plus efficace et plus facile des documents MultiX. Pour valider nos propositions nous avons implémenté un framework offrant des possibilités de création d’analyse et de manipulation de documents multi-structurés

Adaptation de XML et XQuery pour la représentation et l'interrogation des documents multi-structurés

National audienceAdaptation de XML et XQuery pour la représentation et l'interrogation des documents multi-structuré

Les documents multi-structurés : encodageet interrogation

National audienceThis paper concerns the issue of documents multi-structuring. For various use aims, several distinct structures may be defined simultaneously for the same original document. For example, a document may have a first structure for logical content organisation (logical structure), and a second structure to express a set of content formatting rules (layout structure). We have already proposed a generic model, called MSDM, for the multi-structured documents, in which several important features are brought out. In this paper, we address the encoding problem of this kind of documents. We present a new formalism, called MultiX, which allows to the multi-structured documents to be encoded effectively. This formalism is based on the MSDM model and uses XML syntax.Nous traitons dans cet article la problématique de la structuration multiple des documents. Pour des besoins d’usages variés, plusieurs structurations différentes peuvent être associées à un même document initial. Par exemple, une première structure peut être définie pour organiser logiquement le contenu d’un document tandis qu’une deuxième explicitera les règles de sa mise en forme sur un support physique. Nous avons proposé une modélisation générique, appelée MSDM, prenant en compte différents aspects de ce type de document. Nous présentons dans cet article un formalisme appelé MultiX, permettant l’encodage des documents multi-structurés. Ce formalisme est basé sur le modèle MSDM et exploite une syntaxe XML

Managing concurrent XML structures: The Multi-Structured Document building process.

International audienceManaging concurrent XML structures: The Multi-Structured Document building process