Pengaruh Penambahan Kolin Klorida Pada Pakan Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Dan Lipoprotein Darah Sapi Perah Laktasi

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of choline chloride addition in feed on cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in blood of lactating dairy cow, as indicator of lipid anabolism in the body. Eight of lactating dairy cows (61 to 91 days in milk; 2nd lactation period and 456 ± 31 kg of BW average as equal to 99 ± 5 kg BW0.75) were fed total mixed diet containing Napier grass and concentrate (40:60) and additive 30 g/d choline chloride 60% corn-cob as 18 g/d choline chloride (as equal to 0.02 % BW0.75). The experiment was set as cross-over designs with two experiments and eight replications. The treatments were T0 = 0 g/d choline chloride and T1= 30 g/d choline chloride, within 2 periods in which each period was 4 weeks and the data was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the addition of 30 g/d choline chloride in feed did not affect (P>0,05) the cholesterol, LDL and HDL levels in blood of lactating dairy cows. The conclusion of this study was the choline chloride addition in feed did not increase cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels in blood of lactating dairy cows as the indicator of lipid anabolism

Cenas Urbanas Performance e política nas ruas de Florianópolis

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Curso de Ciências Sociais.A escolha da rua como espaço para realização das performances dos grupos ERRO Grupo, Grupo Experiência Trânsito e Corpo (E.T.C.) e Coletivo Urbe, na cidade de Florianópolis, apresenta-se como um modo não-convencional do fazer artístico. O presente trabalho pretende, a partir de uma participação observante (WACQUANT, 2002), investigar e explorar os elementos que compõem as práticas artísticas desses grupos, buscando compreender em que medida tais elementos possuem um sentido político. Desse modo, as questões que guiam esta pesquisa são: Por que fazer da rua um palco? Por que esse espaço é, afinal, importante para os artistas que nele se apresentam? Em que medida esta é uma escolha política? As experiências vivenciadas mostram que tais sentidos políticos se relacionam com lo político (MOUFFE, 2011), isto é, referem-se à escolha estética que, em alguma medida, define esses grupos substantivamente. Essa escolha desdobra-se em aspectos que serão analisados nesta pesquisa, como por exemplo, os lugares em que as performances acontecem; a forma como os grupos se apropriam do mesmo e como isso afeta a performance; as dualidades ator/personagem e ator/espectador; e seus textos dramatúrgicos; elementos estes que, de alguma forma, são desconstruídos nessas experiências. Observamos que, embora apresentem diferenças, as práticas artísticas de tais grupos podem ser compreendidas a partir de um mesmo sentido político, representado por um conjunto de atributos que constituem suas performances.The choice of having the street where the performances take place, as made by the groups ERRO Grupo, Grupo Experiência Trânsito e Corpo (E.T.C.) e Coletivo Urbe, in Florianópolis, is an unconventional way of doing art. The present work intends, from an observant participation (WACQUANT, 2002), to investigate and explore the elements that compose the artistic practices of these groups, trying to understand to what extent these elements have a political meaning. Thus, the questions that guide this research are: Why make the street a stage? Why is this space, after all, important for the artists who present themselves in it? To what extent is this a political choice? Experiences during fieldwork show that these political meanings are related to lo político (MOUFFE, 2011), that is, they refer to the aesthetic choice that, to some extent, defines these groups substantively. This choice unfolds into aspects that will be analyzed in this research, for example, the places in which the performances take place; how the groups appropriate it and how it affects performance; the dualities actor / character and actor / spectator; and their dramaturgical texts; elements that are somehow deconstructed in these experiences. We observe that, although there might be differences among the artistic practices of such groups, they can be understood from the same political sense, represented by a set of attributes that constitute their performances

Using narratives to impact health policy-making: a systematic review

Abstract Background There is increased interest in using narratives or storytelling to influence health policies. We aimed to systematically review the evidence on the use of narratives to impact the health policy-making process. Methods Eligible study designs included randomised studies, non-randomised studies, process evaluation studies, economic studies, qualitative studies, stakeholder analyses, policy analyses, and case studies. The MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), WHO Global Health Library, Communication and Mass Media Complete, and Google Scholar databases were searched. We followed standard systematic review methodology for study selection, data abstraction and risk of bias assessment. We synthesised the findings narratively and presented the results stratified according to the following stages of the policy cycle: (1) agenda-setting, (2) policy formulation, (3) policy adoption, (4) policy implementation and (5) policy evaluation. Additionally, we presented the knowledge gaps relevant to using narrative to impact health policy-making. Results Eighteen studies met the eligibility criteria, and included case studies (n = 15), participatory action research (n = 1), documentary analysis (n = 1) and biographical method (n = 1). The majority were of very low methodological quality. In addition, none of the studies formally evaluated the effectiveness of the narrative-based interventions. Findings suggest that narratives may have a positive influence when used as inspiration and empowerment tools to stimulate policy inquiries, as educational and awareness tools to initiate policy discussions and gain public support, and as advocacy and lobbying tools to formulate, adopt or implement policy. There is also evidence of undesirable effects of using narratives. In one case study, narrative use led to widespread insurance reimbursement of a therapy for breast cancer that was later proven to be ineffective. Another case study described how the use of narrative inappropriately exaggerated the perceived risk of a procedure, which led to limiting its use and preventing a large number of patients from its benefits. A third case study described how optimistic ‘cure’ or ‘hope’ stories of children with cancer were selectively used to raise money for cancer research that ignored the negative realities. The majority of included studies did not provide information on the definition or content of narratives, the theoretical framework underlying the narrative intervention or the possible predictors of the success of narrative interventions. Conclusion The existing evidence base precludes any robust inferences about the impact of narrative interventions on health policy-making. We discuss the implications of the findings for research and policy. Trial registration The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (ID = CRD42018085011)

Knowledge management tools and mechanisms for evidence-informed decision-making in the WHO European Region: a scoping review

Abstract Background Knowledge management (KM) emerged as a strategy to promote evidence-informed decision-making. This scoping review aims to map existing KM tools and mechanisms used to promote evidence-informed health decision-making in the WHO European Region and identify knowledge gaps. Methods Following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance for conducting scoping reviews, we searched Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, and Open Grey. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the general characteristics of the included papers and conducted narrative analysis of the included studies and categorized studies according to KM type and phase. Results Out of 9541 citations identified, we included 141 studies. The KM tools mostly assessed are evidence networks, surveillance tools, observatories, data platforms and registries, with most examining KM tools in high-income countries of the WHO European region. Findings suggest that KM tools can identify health problems, inform health planning and resource allocation, increase the use of evidence by policymakers and stimulate policy discussion. Conclusion Policymakers and funding agencies are called to support capacity-building activities, and future studies to strengthen KM in the WHO European region particularly in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. An updated over-arching strategy to coordinate KM activities in the WHO European region will be useful in these efforts

Barriers and facilitators to implementation of essential health benefits package within primary health care settings in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic review

Background: One of the key requirements for achieving universal health coverage is the proper design and implementation of essential health benefits package (EHPs). We systematically reviewed the evidence on barriers and facilitators to the implementation of EHPs within primary health care settings in low-income and middle-income countries.Methods: We searched multiple databases and the gray literature. Two reviewers completed independently and in duplicate data selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. We synthesized the findings according to the following health systems arrangement levels: governance, financial, and delivery arrangements.Results: Ten studies met the eligibility criteria. At the governance level, key reported barriers were insufficient policymaker-implementer interactions, limited involvement of consumers and stakeholders, sub-optimal primary health care network arrangement, poor marketing and promotion of package, and insufficient coordination with community network. The key reported facilitator was the presence of a legal policy framework for package implementation. At the financial level, barriers included delays and inadequate remunerations to health care providers while facilitators included government and donor commitments to financing of package and flexibility in exploring new funding mechanisms. At the delivery level, barriers included inadequate supervision, poor facility infrastructure, limited availability of equipment and supplies, and shortages of workers. Facilitators included proper training and management of workforce, availability of female health workers, presence of clearly defined packages, and continuum of care, including referrals to promote comprehensive service delivery.Conclusion: We identified a set of barriers and facilitators that need to be addressed to ensure proper implementation of EHPs within primary health care settings.</p

Le Réveil des combattants : organe de l'Association républicaine des anciens combattants, victimes de la guerre et anciens soldats (I.A.C.)

11 juin 19391939/06/11 (N102)-1939/07/10

Additional file 1: of Barriers and facilitators to implementation, uptake and sustainability of community-based health insurance schemes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Search strategy (PDF 163 kb

Additional file 2: of Using media to impact health policy-making: an integrative systematic review

Included case studies. (DOCX 35 kb

Additional file 4: of Using media to impact health policy-making: an integrative systematic review

Results table. (DOCX 22 kb