Early Childhood Mathematics Curriculum in the light of the standards of the National Council of Mathematics Teachers

This study aims at exploring the preschool mathematics curriculum in light of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards. The study researched a sample of (140) preschool educators. An analysis of the mathematical content of preschool Self-Learning curriculum was conducted, and Saudi preschool educators were surveyed, in terms of their educational practices, and the processes used in teaching mathematics in their classes In accordance with the U.S. national standards for mathematicians, it means the methods in which children interact with sports content or content, namely (problem solving- communication- logical thinking - representation - Connection), where the study showed that the reality of the components of the mathematics curriculum applied in kindergartens within Saudi Arabia achieved these standards at these levels was The application of representation, communication and connectivity are the most achieved in the self-learning curriculum units with ratios of (86.4%, 83%, 82%), respectively, while problem-solving and logical thinking have reached the minimum use in the classroom, indicating that these processes are the least interested in application from the sample point of view, with 80%, respectively, using them (80%, 67.80%), despite the critical importance of these two processes specifically in building mathematical concepts as they focus on the ability of the child to be focused on the ability of the child. To use his accumulated sports skills to meet challenges such as predicting and examining hypotheses in order to find a scientific solution to the sports situation

Early Childhood Teachers Beliefs about Mathematics Teaching and Learning

The current research aimed to investigate the beliefs that early childhood teachers adopt about teaching and learning mathematics in the kindergartens of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The teachers are role models for the child from whom he draws his knowledge, behavior, attitudes, concepts and experiences. and their classroom practice, which positively affects the level of the child and his attitudes towards the learning and teaching processes in general, and the mathematics course in particular, because of its importance in real life because it helps him to think, make decisions and solve problems he faces in his life. This has been confirmed by many researches and studies that the child is affected by his teachers beliefs, behaviors, decisions and dealings with him and the extent to which these beliefs are positive, which are the result of his personal and professional experience. One of the early childhood teachers, and the results of the study revealed that the responses of early childhood teachers about their beliefs about the processes of learning and teaching mathematics in general were positive, where most of the beliefs came to a large degree. This indicates that the teachers of this stage have positive opinions and ideas about the learning and teaching processes and the educational system, which affects their teaching efficiency, which is reflected in the child’s level of mathematics in an effective and positive manner. That is why the researchers recommend the necessity of providing workshops to develop, develop and support positive beliefs. The teachers of this stage are in line with modern educational trends

The Effectiveness of a Program Based on Montessori Activities in Developing Practical Life Skills for Pre-school Children

The study aimed to measure the impact of a program based on Montessori activities in developing practical life skills for pre-school children.The study sample consisted of (80) children enrolled in kindergarten, divided equally into two groups: experimental and control in the age group (5-6) years, and the study followed the quasi-experimental approach and the following tools: the practical life skills scale, and the training program Based on Montessori activities prepared by the study team, and the results of the study concluded: There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.01) between the mean scores of the children of the experimental and control groups in the post-measurement of life skills, and their totality is in favor of the children of the experimental group. The results also showed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.01) between the mean scores of the children of the experimental group in the two measurements of practical life skills, and their total sum in favor of the post measurement, in addition to that there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the children of the experimental group in the two post measurements. The traceability of practical life skills, and their totality. Finally, the results showed that there are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean scores of the children of the experimental group in the dimensional measurement of my skills: (personal care, dealing with others) according to the gender variable (male / female), while significant differences were found. A statistic at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean scores of the children of the experimental group in the dimensional measurement of sensory focus and accuracy skill, and the total sum of practical life skills according to the gender variable (male / female) in favor of females

Infinitesimal Idealization, Easy Road Nominalism, and Fractional Quantum Statistics

It has been recently debated whether there exists a so-called “easy road” to nominalism. In this essay, I attempt to fill a lacuna in the debate by making a connection with the literature on infinite and infinitesimal idealization in science through an example from mathematical physics that has been largely ignored by philosophers. Specifically, by appealing to John Norton’s distinction between idealization and approximation, I argue that the phenomena of fractional quantum statistics bears negatively on Mary Leng’s proposed path to easy road nominalism, thereby partially defending Mark Colyvan’s claim that there is no easy road to nominalism

Multiscale estimation of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm

Adsorption plays an important role in water and wastewater treatment. The analysis and design of processes that involve adsorption rely on the availability of isotherms that describe these adsorption processes. Adsorption isotherms are usually estimated empirically from measurements of the adsorption process variables. Unfortunately, these measurements are usually contaminated with errors that degrade the accuracy of estimated isotherms. Therefore, these errors need to be filtered for improved isotherm estimation accuracy. Multiscale wavelet based filtering has been shown to be a powerful filtering tool. In this work, multiscale filtering is utilized to improve the estimation accuracy of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm in the presence of measurement noise in the data by developing a multiscale algorithm for the estimation of Freundlich isotherm parameters. The idea behind the algorithm is to use multiscale filtering to filter the data at different scales, use the filtered data from all scales to construct multiple isotherms and then select among all scales the isotherm that best represents the data based on a cross validation mean squares error criterion. The developed multiscale isotherm estimation algorithm is shown to outperform the conventional time-domain estimation method through a simulated example

Wavelet-based Multiscale Filtering of Genomic Data

Measured biological data are a rich source of information about the biological phenomena they represent. For example, time-series genomic or metabolic microarray data can be used to construct dynamic genetic regulatory network models, which can be used to better understand the biological system and to design intervention strategies to cure or manage major diseases. Unfortunately, biological measurements are usually highly contaminated with errors that mask the important features in the data. Therefore, these noisy measurements need to be filtered to enhance their usefulness in practice. Wavelet-based multiscale filtering has been shown to be a powerful data analysis and denoising tool. In this work, different batch as well as online multiscale filtering techniques are used to filter biological data contaminated with white noise. The performances of these multiscale filtering techniques are demonstrated and compared to those of some conventional low pass filters using simulated time series metabolic data. The results of this comparative study show that significant improvement can be achieved using multiscale filtering over conventional filtering methods. 2012 IEEE.Scopu

Parameter estimation of biological phenomena: An unscented kalman filter approach

Recent advances in high-throughput technologies for biological data acquisition have spurred a broad interest in the construction of mathematical models for biological phenomena. The development of such mathematical models relies on the estimation of unknown parameters of the system using the time-course profiles of different metabolites in the system. One of the main challenges in the parameter estimation of biological phenomena is the fact that the number of unknown parameters is much more than the number of metabolites in the system. Moreover, the available metabolite measurements are corrupted by noise. In this paper, a new parameter estimation algorithm is developed based on the stochastic estimation framework for nonlinear systems, namely the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). A new iterative UKF algorithm with covariance resetting is developed in which the UKF algorithm is applied iteratively to the available noisy time profiles of the metabolites. The proposed estimation algorithm is applied to noisy time-course data synthetically produced from a generic branched pathway as well as real time-course profile for the Cad system of E. coli. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. 2004-2012 IEEE.Scopu