4 research outputs found
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in 103 patients with gastroesophageal reflux, erosive esophagitis or Barrettâs esophagus in YaoundĂ©, Cameroun
Introduction : la relation entre lâinfection Ă Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) et le reflux gastrooesophagien (RGO) est complexe. Certaines Ă©tudes Ă©pidĂ©miologiques ont suggĂ©rĂ© un rĂŽle protecteur de lâinfection Ă H. pylori dans le dĂ©veloppement du RGO et que son Ă©radication conduirait Ă lâaugmentation de la frĂ©quence du RGO. Cet article Ă©value la prĂ©valence de lâinfection Ă H. pylori parmi les patients prĂ©sentant un RGO sans lĂ©sion, une oesophagite Ă©rosive ou un oesophage de Barrett. MatĂ©riels et mĂ©thodes : entre janvier et mai 2015, 103 patients consĂ©cutifs avec des symptĂŽmes de RGO quotidiens ou hebdomadaires dâau moins un an ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©s au Centre MĂ©dical la CathĂ©drale de YaoundĂ©, Cameroun. Tous les patients ont subi une anamnĂšse, un examen physique, une endoscopie digestive haute avec biopsies antrales et un test rapide Ă lâurĂ©ase kit commercial HelicotecUTÂź plus (Strong Biotech Corp., Taipei 115, TaĂŻwan). Toutes les analyses statistiques ont fait appel aux logiciels Epi-Info 3.5.1 et SPSS Statistics version 16.0 (IBM, Chicago, USA). RĂ©sultats : LâĂ©tude portait sur 43 hommes et 60 femmes (Ăąge moyen de 46,5 ± 15,3 ans â extrĂȘme : 14-79 ans). La prĂ©valence de lâinfection Ă H. pylori Ă©tait de 39,8 % (IC Ă 95 % : 30,4- 49,3). H. pylori Ă©tait positif chez 34,6 % de patients avec une oesophagite Ă©rosive contre 41,6 % chez les patients avec RGO Ă endoscopie nĂ©gative (p = 0,533). Parmi les 41 patients H. pylori positif, seuls neuf (22,0 %) avaient une oesophagite Ă©rosive, toutes de grade 1 de Savary-Miller. Conclusion : la prĂ©valence de lâinfection Ă H. pylori est faible parmi les patients camerounais atteints de RGO. Lâatteinte sĂ©vĂšre de la muqueuse oesophagienne est rare parmi les patients H. pylori positif comparĂ©s aux patients H. pylori nĂ©gatif. Cependant, nos donnĂ©es ne permettent pas avec Ă©vidence de dĂ©finir la relation entre lâinfection Ă H. pylori et le RGO dans notre contexte endĂ©mique Ă H. pylori. Des Ă©tudes ultĂ©rieures sont attendues.Introduction: The relationship between the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is complex. Some epidemiological studies have suggested a protective role of the H. pylori infection in the development of GERD and its eradication would lead to the increase in GERD frequency. This article assesses the prevalence of the H. pylori infection among patients with GERD without injury, erosive esophagitis or Barrettâs esophagus. Materials and methods: Between January and May 2015, 103 consecutive patients with daily or weekly GERD symptoms for at least one year were assessed at the Medical Center âla CathĂ©draleâ of YaoundĂ©, Cameroon. All patients underwent anamnesis, physical examination, upper GI endoscopy with antral biopsies and rapid urease test HelicotecUTÂź plus commercial kit (Strong Biotech Corp., Taipei, Taiwan). All statistical analyzes have used the software Epi-Info 3.5.1 and the SPSS version 16.0 (IBM, Chicago, USA). Results: The study included 43 men and 60 women with an average age of 46.5 ± 15.3 years (range: 14-79 years). The prevalence of the H. pylori infection was 39.8% (95% CI: 30.4 to 49.3). H. pylori was positive in 34.6% of patients with erosive esophagitis against 41.6% in patients with endoscopy-negative GERD (p = 0.533). Among the 41 H. pylori positive patients, only nine (22.0%) had erosive esophagitis, all of Savary-Miller grade 1. Conclusion: The prevalence of the H. pylori infection is low among the Cameroonian patients with GERD. Severe damage to the esophageal mucosa is rare among H. pylori positive patients compared to H. pylori negative ones. However, our data do not enable us have proof in defining the relationship between the H. pylori infection and GERD in our H Pylori endemic context. Further studies are awaited
Adolescents' Food Habits and Nutritional Status among in urban and Rural Areas in Cameroon, Africa
Background: Food intake in Cameroon is based on three meals daily. The diet in rural areas is based on traditional staple foods, while that of the urban population incorporates more modern foods. The health and nutrition of adolescents is important as their eating behaviour and nutrition will affect their future health. Objective: To describe and compare food habits and nutritional status of adolescents in Cameroon. Design: A cross-Stional study using an unquantified food frequency questionnaire and anthropometric data, in urban and rural areas. Fifty-two adolescents, 12â15 years old, were selected from schools. Results: Frequencies of consumption of meat, vegetables, cereals, milk products and junk food were significantly higher in urban than in rural adolescents (11.8 vs 4.5, 9.5 vs 3.9, 16.5 vs 11.9, 5.7 vs 0.8, 24.2 vs 8.7, respectively). The frequency of in-between meals was higher in urban than in rural adolescents (4.9 vs 0.9, respectively). Arm muscle area (AMA, mm2) and waist/hip ratio were significantly higher in rural than in urban adolescents (3554 vs 2802 and 0.82 vs 0.79, respectively). Body mass index (BMI, kg mâ2) was higher in rural than urban adolescents, although not significant (20.6 vs 19.4, respectively). There was a positive significant correlation between BMI and AMA in urban and rural areas (r=0.67 and r=0. 72, respectively). Conclusions: Despite a lower frequency of food consumption, rural adolescents had higher AMA and waist/hip ratio than urban adolescents. Less junk food and more traditional food consumption, more manual activities and walking in rural adolescents could explain these results
Adolescentsâ food habits and nutritional status in urban and rural areas in Cameroon, Africa
Metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes: comparative prevalence according to two sets of diagnostic criteria in sub-Saharan Africans
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Available definition criteria for metabolic syndrome (MS) have similarities and inconsistencies. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MS in a group of Cameroonians with type 2 diabetes, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria, and to assess the concordance between both criteria, and the implications of combining them.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We collected clinical and biochemical data for 308 patients with type 2 diabetes (men 157) at the National Obesity Center of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon. Concordance was assessed with the use of the Kappa statistic.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Mean age (standard deviation) was 55.8 (10.5) years and the median duration of diagnosed diabetes (25<sup>th</sup>â75<sup>th</sup> percentiles) was 3âyears (0.5â5.0), similarly among men and women. The prevalence of MS was 71.7% according to the IDF criteria and 60.4% according to NCEP-ATP III criteria. The prevalence was significantly higher in women than in men independently of the criteria used (both <it>p</it>â<â0.001). Overall concordance between both definitions was low to average 0.51 (95% confidence interval: 0.41â0.61). Combining the two sets of criteria marginally improved the yield beyond that provided by the IDF criteria alone in men, but not in the overall population and in women.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The IDF and NCEP-ATP III criteria do not always diagnose the same group of diabetic individuals with MS and combining them merely increases the yield beyond that provided by the IDF definition alone. This study highlights the importance of having a single unifying definition for MS in our setting.</p