Features of planning training loads of coordinating orientation in young female volleyball players aged 10-17, taking into account their age development

Background and Study Aim. In the context of youth sports development, it is imperative to emphasize the critical importance of a comprehensive understanding of coordinating orientation training in young female volleyball players. Given the significant variations in physical and neurological growth patterns within this age group, addressing the methodological nuances of tailored training programs becomes paramount. This study aims to substantiate specific methodological approaches for planning coordination training among young female volleyball players, with a keen focus on accommodating the unique intricacies of their developmental journey. Material and Methods. Participants in this study included female volleyball players aged 10 (n=25), 11 (n=20), 12 (n=30), and 13 (n=20). The second phase of the study involved the analysis of four years of observations of female volleyball players aged 14 to 17 (n=24), who were carefully selected from a large pool of young candidates. Prior to their participation, both the children and their parents were provided with detailed information about the study, and informed consent was obtained. In the study, a series of tests were utilized, including “Backward Throw to Target”, “Stepping over a gymnastics stick”, “'Running to numbered balls”, and “Backward Shuttle Run (3x10 m)”. An expert assessment was conducted, involving the participation of highly qualified specialists (n=25). Results. The study has demonstrated a substantial increase in coordination abilities among female volleyball players aged 10 to 17. A significant improvement was observed in kinesthetic differentiation abilities (2.3 times). A somewhat smaller increase was noted in their abilities to coordinate and restructure movements and spatial orientation (1.4-1.6 times). The most pronounced and statistically significant improvements were observed in the age group of 10 to 12 years. Changes in volleyball players aged from 12 to 13 and from 13 to 14 in tests assessing the development of spatial orientation and coordination of movements were less apparent. Motor coordination indicators improved significantly in the age group of 14 to 16. Conclusions. The identification of age-related characteristics in the development of coordination abilities is crucial for implementing the principle of aligning biological development with pedagogical and training methods. Understanding the various ontogenetic stages is essential for effectively managing the long-term athletic development of young female volleyball players

PhD Training Under Martial Law in Ukraine

The relevance of the article is due to the emergence of new challenges in PhD training in higher education institutions in the conditions of martial law. The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of PhD training in higher education institutions of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law on the example of Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko. The systems approach was the leading one applied for identifying the factors, difficulties and types of support of the future Doctors of Philosophy. The article highlights the peculiarities of PhD training in Ukraine under the martial law; it distinguishes several aspects of PhD training; problems that arose in the implementation of the individual plan of educational-scientific work of a post-graduate student; support for post-graduate students. The materials of the article can be used by teachers involved in PhD training, who are forced to adapt to the new conditions of professional activity, for the heads of departments of post-graduate and doctoral studies

Differentiated approach to physical education of adolescents with different speed of biological development

Aim: to justify and experimentally verify themethodology of differentiated approach to developing motor skills of seventh-graders depending on paces of their biological development. Material: 304 schoolchildren (148 boys and 156 girls), seventh-graders from the general education school No 20 in Lutsk, participated in the formative pedagogical experiment. The control group consisted of 99 boys and 105 girls and the experimental group – 49 boys and 51 girls, who were classified into the main medical group for health reasons and were not involved in sports sections. Results: It was found that schoolchildren with different levels of biological development within one age-sex group differ significantly in terms of the cardiorespiratory system capacity, physical performance and physical fitness. Therefore, the authors designed the methodology for allocating educational time to develop motor skills of seventh-graders during physical education lessons depending on paces of their biological development under the conditions of three physical education lessons per week. Conclusions: this methodology of differentiated approach to allocating educational time to develop motor skills of seventh-graders is an effective means for differentiated physical education of adolescents, which is reflected in the increase in the level of physical fitness and performance in seventh-graders during the pedagogical experiment

Improving the efficiency of the railway industry as a result of employees engaging in physical culture and sports

If railway workers have an optimal motor regime, they increase the efficiency of the whole organism and improve the quality of performing their professional duties. Systematic sports and physical education contribute to the formation of people's desire for a healthy lifestyle. As a result of the formation of students of railway specialties striving for independent exercise and sports in the future, when they become employees of the railway industry, this will provide additional opportunities for involving the personnel of railway industry enterprises in physical culture and a healthy lifestyle. Regular sports activities by employees of the railway industry are of paramount importance not only for these employees, but also for the state as a whole. The increased size of the intellectual load at railway enterprises can have a significant impact on the level of efficiency of employees and their state of health. The use of information technology elements in sports creates conditions for increasing the effectiveness of sports and physical exercises