Delayed Death Due to Methanol Poisoning: An Autopsy Case Report

Methanol is a non-drinking type of alcohol used for industrial and automotive purposes. Methanol itself is not dangerous, but its harmful metabolites may cause the accumulation of acid in the blood, leading to metabolic acidosis, permanent blindness, and death. In this case report study, the case was a 28-year-old Nepalese man who was admitted in a semi-unconscious state to the emergency department. A working diagnosis of methanol poisoning was made. After more than two weeks, he succumbed to death due to a worsening cerebral infarction. At autopsy, extensive hemorrhagic infarction was observed, involving bilateral cerebral hemispheres. Well-defined subcortical hemorrhages leading to laminar necrosis were seen at the frontoparietal lobes. Cystic or lacunar necrosis was present at the basal ganglia. The brainstem showed the presence of duret hemorrhage. The man died approximately three weeks after the methanol ingestion. This case highlights the important pathological changes and accumulating effects of methanol in the brain

Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning of Different Intraoperative Ischemic Times of Vascularized Bone Graft Rabbit Models

Background Ischemic preconditioning has been shown to improve the outcomes of hypoxic tolerance of the heart, brain, lung, liver, jejunum, skin, and muscle tissues. However, to date, no report of ischemic preconditioning on vascularized bone grafts has been published. Methods Sixteen rabbits were divided into four groups with ischemic times of 2, 6, 14, and 18 hours. Half of the rabbits in each group underwent ischemic preconditioning. The osteomyocutaneous flaps consisted of the tibia bone, from which the overlying muscle and skin were raised. The technique of ischemic preconditioning involved applying a vascular clamp to the pedicle for 3 cycles of 10 minutes each. The rabbits then underwent serial plain radiography and computed tomography imaging on the first, second, fourth, and sixth postoperative weeks. Following this, all of the rabbits were sacrificed and histological examinations were performed. Results The results showed that for clinical analysis of the skin flaps and bone grafts, the preconditioned groups showed better survivability. In the plain radiographs, except for two non-preconditioned rabbits with intraoperative ischemic times of 6 hours, all began to show early callus formation at the fourth week. The computed tomography findings showed more callus formation in the preconditioned groups for all of the ischemic times except for the 18-hour group. The histological findings correlated with the radiological findings. There was no statistical significance in the difference between the two groups. Conclusions In conclusion, ischemic preconditioning improved the survivability of skin flaps and increased callus formation during the healing process of vascularized bone grafts

Comparison of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model using diet-induced NAFLD mice with genetically modified mice

Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing steadily every year affecting all population both Western and Asian countries. The current treatments available for NAFLD are non-conclusive warranting newer effective pharmacological agents. Newly formulated agents require prior testing using animal models. However, in developing countries, these models are often costly. The possibility of using more affordable animal model in local settings should be investigated. In this study, ten Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) and seven B6.Cg-LepOb/J leptin-knockout (JAX) male mice were recruited. Five ICR and all JAX mice were subjected to high-fat diet (60% kcal fat) and remaining ICR mice were given standard diet (SD) for six weeks. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly while abdominal circumference, random blood glucose and liver span were measured at the end of the HFD study. Livers collected were subjected to histology assessment. Compared to ICR group, JAX group presented with significantly higher body weight (58 ± 0.72, p<0.05), larger body weight changes (16.57 ± 0.81, p<0.05), more HFD intake (197.14 ± 0.812, p<0.05) and larger abdominal circumference (11.79 ± 0.34: p<0.05). Liver from JAX group appeared with general steatosis and presentation of high-grade panacinar steatosis, low number of lobular inflammations and minimal fibrosis. Liver of ICR mice showed Zone 3 steatosis with high number of lobular inflammations without fibrosis. The NAFLD characteristics presented in JAX group suggested that B6.Cg-LepOb/J mice developed characteristics of NAFLD resembling human while ICR is suitable NAFLD model resembling human population resilient towards NAFLD

Methanol poisoning in Klang Valley, Malaysia: Autopsy case series

Introduction: Despite its rarity and sporadic occurrence, methanol poisoning may result in devastating consequences to the victims including death. Method: We report a series of methanol poisoning cases following an outbreak in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Victims were presented as either brought-in-dead or died during hospitalization. Medico-legal autopsy was performed at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Sungai Buloh in all cases. We sought to establish epidemiology, survival period, level of methanol, autopsy, and neuropathology findings of the cases. Results: Sixteen deaths from methanol poisoning were retrospectively reviewed during a two-month period from September to October 2018. Majority of cases (81 %) were pronounced dead in hospital. Male victims predominated and more than 90 % were young productive adults. Ninety percent of the victims were immigrants. Intoxication symptoms developed within hours of ingestion and almost half of fatalities occurred within 3 days. Significant levels of methanol were detected from blood and other bodily fluids. Autopsy findings of early deaths were minimal and non-specific while delayed death cases within seven days to two weeks showed several morphological changes in the brain. Almost all cellular constituents of the nervous system were affected. Neuronal degeneration predominated in all lobes while axonal dystrophy was less commonly detected within the temporal region. Conclusion: Many methanol poisoning victims became symptomatic within 24 h of ingestion. The severity of neuropathological changes correlated well with the period of survival which warrants in-depth studies particularly within areas of brain cellular response towards different levels of methanol toxicity

(PriCotton Brotherz Group) Printing and clothing business / Aniq Izdihar Khuzairi Roslam ... [et al.]

The busniness we take is fabric business, on this subject we are given a task to do an interview from a company that we altogether agree. We choose a Dyana Cotton that are managed by Mohd Nasri Bin Ishak. This business established from 2012 until now. His business started from the bottom and only uses Rm 5000 to start his business. From the beginning he only open one stall at Jalan Tar, Kuala Lumpur. In this interview we gained a lot of information for our study. We learned that there is a problem that this company are facing and we come out with the most suitable solution to that problem. The biggest problem they are fadng is having a competitor for example having Jakel and Gulatis as their competitor. Here are three business that we would like to propose in order to overcome these problems. The goal we think for this idea can do with shop fabric is sell more creative and exclusive design and sell men's clothe but still with theme the fabric cotton. Why we choose this idea this is because we want to customer and people can have a more choice and get a more product we can do. So this can give effect at we business to be a great business. Second is post service and online business this is because we can make the business more reachable to other areas. So this can give a positive effect at buy and we business because more people can know what there want at we shop via a online and can give a post service at customer after there by any product at we shop. Third idea is open a cafe and combine with shop after that give a free Wi-Fi to customer. The reason is we want attraction and comfort for customer is very important to we give at customer. The cafe can be place to customer or any people want to rest or dinning at my shop and the same time can see product we sale. This idea we give and we think suitable for we business and we think is a new idea in the normal business like another business. In addition, it can be a great business. The choice idea we give we have a one choose is sell more creative and exclusive design. This is because we think want to create a new design and suitable this is good idea can give a customer choice and we design follow the era or trending fashion. The design we create a interesting design better more like before design at fabric and create a more product use a fabric cotton not just a t-shirt but we want to create a new product use a fabric like hand bag and cover wallet. This reference we is style batik product there use the batik fabric but the product different like another thinking. There use the batik create a t-shirt for men and cover sandal