Money, Debt and Prices in the UK 1705-1996

This paper constructs a consistent series for the market value of UK Government debt over almost 300 years. We analyse how monetary and fiscal policy affect the path of the price level in the UK. Specifically, the paper examines the interactions between debts, deficits, the monetary base and the price level. Overall, the price level has been closely related to the evolution of the base money supply. Across different sample periods, there is little econometric evidence that fiscal policy has affected the course of the price level (or of the exchange rate under the Gold Standard). Government debt has not significantly affected the base money stock either.Fiscal policy, debt, monetary policy, price level determination.

A method for precise charge reconstruction with pixel detectors using binary hit information

A method is presented to precisely reconstruct charge spectra with pixel detectors using binary hit information of individual pixels. The method is independent of the charge information provided by the readout circuitry and has a resolution mainly limited by the electronic noise. It relies on the ability to change the detection threshold in small steps while counting hits from a particle source. The errors are addressed and the performance of the method is shown based on measurements with the ATLAS pixel chip FE-I4 bump bonded to a 230 {\mu}m 3D-silicon sensor. Charge spectra from radioactive sources and from electron beams are presented serving as examples. It is demonstrated that a charge resolution ({\sigma}<200 e) close to the electronic noise of the ATLAS FE-I4 pixel chip can be achieved

Precision timing of PSR J1012+5307 and strong-field GR tests

We report on the high precision timing analysis of the pulsar-white dwarf binary PSR J1012+5307. Using 15 years of multi-telescope data from the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) network, a significant measurement of the variation of the orbital period is obtained. Using this ideal strong-field gravity laboratory we derive theory independent limits for both the dipole radiation and the variation of the gravitational constant.Comment: 3 pages, Proceedings of the 12th Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity (MG 12

BDAQ53, a versatile pixel detector readout and test system for the ATLAS and CMS HL-LHC upgrades

BDAQ53 is a readout system and verification framework for hybrid pixel detector readout chips of the RD53 family. These chips are designed for the upgrade of the inner tracking detectors of the ATLAS and CMS experiments. BDAQ53 is used in applications where versatility and rapid customization are required, such as in laboratory testing environments, test beam campaigns, and permanent setups for quality control measurements. It consists of custom and commercial hardware, a Python-based software framework, and FPGA firmware. BDAQ53 is developed as open source software with both software and firmware being hosted in a public repository.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Системы подготовки топлива на угольных ТЭС

РЕФЕРАТ Выпускная квалификационная работа 65 с., 12 рис., 16 табл., ____20______источников, 2 прил. Ключевые слова:ШБМ, ТОПЛИВО,УГОЛЬ,ПЫЛЕПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЕ . Объектом исследования является (ются): СИСТЕМЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ ТОПЛИВА НА УГОЛЬНЫХ ТЭС Цель работы – исследовать систему топливоприготовления на пылеугольной ТЭЦ В процессе исследования проводились Системный анализ топливного хозяйства и функциональный анализ В результате расчетов пришли к выводу, что топливоприготовление на буром угле значительно больше отбирает собственных нужд чем на каменном Основные конструктивные, технологические и технико-эксплуатационные характеристики: За основу реальные данный Бийской ТЭЦ Степень внедрения: исследование Область применения: Из-за устаревшего оборудования и износа теплосетей, главная задача проекта улуABSTRACT Final qualifying work 65 p., 12 fig., 16 tab., 20 ____ ______ sources, 2 adj. Keywords: SHBM, fuel, coal, coal pulverization. The object of this study is (are): SYSTEM OF PREPARATION OF FUEL IN COAL TPP Purpose - to investigate toplivoprigotovleniya system for pulverized coal thermal power station The study conduct a systematic analysis of the fuel economy and functional analysis The calculations concluded that toplivoprigotovlenie lignite significantly more seeds of their own needs than stone main constructive, technological and technical and operational characteristics: the basis of the actual active Biysk CHP implementation degree: research applications: due to outdated equipment and depreciation of heating systems, the main objective of the project to improve the quality of heat supply and electrification, instead of obsolete equipment Cost-effectiveness / relevance The study of the efficiency of the work planned for the future reconstruction of Biysk TPP is pulverizing syste

Kernel Lot Distribution Assessment (KeLDA): a Comparative Study of Protein and DNA-Based Detection Methods for GMO Testing

Monitoring of market products for detection of genetically modified organisms (GMO) is needed to comply with legislation in force in many regions of the world, to enforce traceability and to allow official control along the production and the distribution chains. This objective can be more easily achieved if reliable, time and cost-effective analytical methods are available. A GMO can be detected using either DNA-based or protein-based methods; both present advantages and disadvantages. The objective of this work was to assess the performance of a protein-based (lateral flow strips—LFT) and of a DNA-based (polymerase chain reaction—PCR) detection method for GMO analysis. One thousand five hundred samples of soybean, deriving from the sampling of 15 independent bulk lots in large shipments, were analysed to assess and compare the performance of the analytical methods and evaluate their suitability for GMO testing. Several indicators were used to compare the performance of the methods, including the percentage correlation between the PCR and LFT results. The GMO content of the samples ranged from 0 up to 100 %, allowing a full assessment of both analytical approaches with respect to all possible GMO content scenarios. The study revealed a very similar performance of the two methodologies, with low false-negative and false-positive results, and a very satisfactory capacity of both methods in detecting low amounts of target. While determining the fitness for purpose of both analytical approaches, this study also underlines the importance of alternative method characteristics, like costs and time.JRC.I.3-Molecular Biology and Genomic