The Study of Value Hierarchies of Shahed University Students During 1998-2001

This study was aimed to consider students value hierarchies. To this aim values of shahed university students was reviewed in a descriptive design. The students attended in 1998_2001 were considered as statistical universe and then separate research were done for considering of value hierarchies of the said students , based on the year of attendance. In other words, the statistical universe was made of the whole students of the attendance year in the university and the sample was selected among them, who filled research questionnaires. After 2 years, in the second stage, the research questionnaires was again completed by the same students. This method was repeated for all samples who attended during 1998-2001. In this stage questionnaire of Alport , Vernon & Lindzey, in which, values system was in the form of hierarchy, were used which included Theoretical, Religious, Social, Economic, Art and Political values. Results showed that the religious and social values were in the first and second positions in students value hierarchies and the art value was the last one. The comparison of students values throughout research stages revealed that the religious and especially political value were decreased in the second year of the study but religious value was hold as the first one. Despite displacement of other values, no significant differences were found during the study. Meanwhile the role of individual and social variables like gender, marital status, the place of family residence, university attendance quota and the faculty of the students, were studied and these findings are discussed

Red yeast rice as an adjunct to sertraline for treatment of depression in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention: Placebo-controlled trial

Objectives: Red yeast rice (RYR) has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in animal studies. The aim of this study was to access the efficacy of RYR for treatment of depression in patients with recent history of percutaneous coronary intervention. Design: This was a 6-week double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Setting: Participants included outpatient men and women aged 18 to 60 years old with history of coronary angioplasty, diagnosis of major depressive disorder based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score of �20. Candidates were excluded in case of any other DSM-V disorders, use of lipid lowering agents in the last two weeks, elevated serum aminotransferases or serum LDL � 80 mg/dL. Interventions: Patients received sertraline (200 mg/day) plus either red yeast rice commercially available capsules (2400 mg/day) containing 10.05 mg/day lovastatin or placebo. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the difference in mean change of the HDRS score from baseline to endpoint between the two treatment arms. Results: The primary outcome approached significance (Mean difference in score change(CI95) = �1.24 (�2.51 to 0.03), p =.056) and was accompanied by a significant time � treatment interaction effect Two-way ANOVA: F (df, mean square) = 4.42 (2, 13.687), p =.015. There was no significant difference between the two treatment arms in terms of lipid profile, liver function tests, or incidence of adverse events. Conclusions: This is the first report on the benefits of RYR in treatment of depression. Future studies are warranted to confirm our findings and scrutinize the mechanisms of action. © 2018 Elsevier Lt

Red yeast rice as an adjunct to sertraline for treatment of depression in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention: Placebo-controlled trial

Objectives: Red yeast rice (RYR) has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in animal studies. The aim of this study was to access the efficacy of RYR for treatment of depression in patients with recent history of percutaneous coronary intervention. Design: This was a 6-week double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Setting: Participants included outpatient men and women aged 18 to 60 years old with history of coronary angioplasty, diagnosis of major depressive disorder based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score of �20. Candidates were excluded in case of any other DSM-V disorders, use of lipid lowering agents in the last two weeks, elevated serum aminotransferases or serum LDL � 80 mg/dL. Interventions: Patients received sertraline (200 mg/day) plus either red yeast rice commercially available capsules (2400 mg/day) containing 10.05 mg/day lovastatin or placebo. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the difference in mean change of the HDRS score from baseline to endpoint between the two treatment arms. Results: The primary outcome approached significance (Mean difference in score change(CI95) = �1.24 (�2.51 to 0.03), p = .056) and was accompanied by a significant time � treatment interaction effect Two-way ANOVA: F (df, mean square) = 4.42 (2, 13.687), p = .015. There was no significant difference between the two treatment arms in terms of lipid profile, liver function tests, or incidence of adverse events. Conclusions: This is the first report on the benefits of RYR in treatment of depression. Future studies are warranted to confirm our findings and scrutinize the mechanisms of action. © 2018 Elsevier Lt

Evaluation of drug and alcohol abuse in people aged 15 years and older in Iran

Background: Drug addiction is known as one of the health, medical and social problems of the present cen-tury. Beyond the harmful physical and mental consequences for addicts, drug abuse can cause serious social problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate drug and alcohol abuse in individuals aged 15 yr and over in Iran in 2015. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on individuals aged 15 yr and older who lived in urban and rural areas of Iran. Overall, 36,600 individuals were selected by systematic and cluster random sampling. The postal code was used to access the samples in 31 provinces of Iran. In each province 1200 individuals (50 men, 50 women) were evaluated. The used instrument was the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), and data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed 4.6 of individuals used Opium and its derivatives, 0.4 used Cannabis, 0.4 used Amphetamine stimulants, 6.1 used Sedative drugs, and 2.6 used Alcoholic beverages on a regular basis. Within the last 12 months, 3.9 of individuals used Opium and its derivatives, 0.4 used Cannabis, 0.3 used Amphetamine stimulants, 5.8 used Sedative drugs, and 1.9 used Alcoholic beverages. With the exception of Sedatives drugs men used more drugs than women and residents of rural areas used more opium and its derivatives than other groups of drugs. Based on the provincial distribution, Kerman and Qom used the highest and lowest prevalence percentage of Opium and its derivatives respectively. Conclusion: Overall, 2340000 individuals were addicts used Opium and its derivatives in 2015, therefore, medical and health officials should take all necessary measures to deal with these serious social problems. © 2020, Iranian Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved

Red yeast rice as an adjunct to sertraline for treatment of depression in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention: Placebo-controlled trial

Objectives: Red yeast rice (RYR) has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in animal studies. The aim of this study was to access the efficacy of RYR for treatment of depression in patients with recent history of percutaneous coronary intervention. Design: This was a 6-week double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Setting: Participants included outpatient men and women aged 18 to 60 years old with history of coronary angioplasty, diagnosis of major depressive disorder based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score of �20. Candidates were excluded in case of any other DSM-V disorders, use of lipid lowering agents in the last two weeks, elevated serum aminotransferases or serum LDL � 80 mg/dL. Interventions: Patients received sertraline (200 mg/day) plus either red yeast rice commercially available capsules (2400 mg/day) containing 10.05 mg/day lovastatin or placebo. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the difference in mean change of the HDRS score from baseline to endpoint between the two treatment arms. Results: The primary outcome approached significance (Mean difference in score change(CI95) = �1.24 (�2.51 to 0.03), p = .056) and was accompanied by a significant time � treatment interaction effect Two-way ANOVA: F (df, mean square) = 4.42 (2, 13.687), p = .015. There was no significant difference between the two treatment arms in terms of lipid profile, liver function tests, or incidence of adverse events. Conclusions: This is the first report on the benefits of RYR in treatment of depression. Future studies are warranted to confirm our findings and scrutinize the mechanisms of action. © 2018 Elsevier Lt

Observational consequences of chaotic inflation with nonminimal coupling to gravity

Recently there was an extensive discussion of Higgs inflation in the theory with the potential \lambda(\phi^2-v^2)^2 and nonminimal coupling to gravity {\xi\over 2}\phi^2R, for \xi >> 1 and v<< 1. We extend this investigation to the theories m^2\phi^2 and \lambda(\phi^2-v^2)^2 with arbitrary values of \xi and v and describe implementation of these models in supergravity. We analyze observational consequences of these models and find a surprising coincidence of the inflationary predictions of the model \lambda(\phi^2-v^2)^2 with \xi <0 in the limit |\xi|v^2 \to 1 with the predictions of the Higgs inflation scenario for \xi >> 1.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, version accepted at JCA

Response-oriented measuring inequalities in Tehran: Second round of Urban health equity assessment and response tool (Urban HEART-2), concepts and framework

Background: Current evidence consistently confirm inequalities in health status among socioeconomic groups, gender, ethnicity, geographical area and other social determinants of health (SDH), which adversely influence health of the population. SDH refer to a wide range of factors not limited to social component, but also involve economic, cultural, educational, political or environmental problems. Measuring inequalities, improving daily living conditions, and tackling inequitable distribution of resources are highly recommended by international SDH commissioners in recent years to 'close the gaps within a generation'. To measure inequalities in socio-economic determinants and core health indicators in Tehran, the second round of Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-2) was conducted in November 2011, within the main framework of WHO Centre for Health Development (Kobe Centre). Method: For 'assessment' part of the project, 65 indicators in six policy domains namely 'physical and infrastructure', 'human and social', 'economic', 'governance', 'health and nutrition', and also 'cultural' domain were targeted either through a population based survey or using routine system. Survey was conducted in a multistage random sampling, disaggregated to 22 districts and 368 neighborhoods of Tehran, where data of almost 35000 households (118000 individuals) were collected. For 'response' part of the project, widespread community based development (CBD) projects were organized in all 368 neighborhoods, which are being undertaken throughout 2013. Conclusion: Following the first round of Urban HEART project in 2008, the second round was conducted to track changes over time, to institutionalize inequality assessment within the local government, to build up community participation in 'assessment' and 'response' parts of the project, and to implement appropriate and evidence-based actions to reduce health inequalities within all neighborhoods of Tehran