The effect of oral channa striatus extract administration on total antioxidant status and its relationship with high sensitive c-reactive protein (HSCRP) during wound healing in post lower segment caesarean section women

Introduction: Channa striatus (Haruan) is widely consumed in Malaysia to promote wound healing which involves three overlapping phases; inflammation, new tissue formation and tissue remodelling. During inflammatory phase, large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced resulting in severe cell damage which in turn delays wound healing. CRP has been shown to significantly increase in response to local inflammation. High sensitive Creactive protein (hsCRP) detects the same CRP molecule but its lower limit of detection is lower. C.striatus has been proposed to have antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties for better healing of the wound. Objectives: This study was done to determine the level of Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) in subject receiving C.striatus extract and placebo (maltodextrin) in post Lower Segment Caesarean Section(LSCS) women. The specific objectives were to compare the TAS level in C.striatus extract group and placebo group and to study the relationship between the level of TAS and hsCRP during wound healing. Methods: This was a randomized; double blinded, placebo-controlled study conducted in HUSM. The treatment group consumed 500mg of freeze dried C.striatus extract daily while the placebo group consumed 500mg of maltodextrin daily for 6 weeks. Venous bloods were taken from each subject postoperatively at day 1, day 3, week 2, week 4 and week 6 and were analyzed for TAS and hsCRP using Selectra E machine. Data analysis was done using SPSS Version 20. Result: A total of 73 patients were studied, 39 patients consumed C.striatus and 34 consumed maltodextrin. The result for TAS, when compared between both groups showed no significant differences in all the period studied. Within groups analysis showed that the TAS levels in patients who consumed C.striatus were all significant (p-value < 0.05) between Day 1 till Week 6 and for Day 3 with Week 2 and Week 6. The results of hsCRP within groups showed a significant level between all the periods studied in C.striatus group. The hsCRP level was highest on day 1 and showed a reducing trend with time. When compared between the two groups, the hsCRP level showed no significant difference except for week 6. There was only weak relationship between TAS and hsCRP on week 4 for C.striatus group. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the level of TAS and hsCRP between C.striatus and placebo group. However, the TAS level showed increment within group from week 2 onwards which might involve in the enhancement of wound healing. For hsCRP, there was significant decrease in these parameters in C.striatus group at week 6 compared to the placebo which indicates the beneficial effect of C.striatus administration during wound healing of post LSCS Women. This study showed weak relationship between TAS and hsCRP only on week 4

Changes in the inflammatory markers with supplementation of channa striatus extract in post lower segment caesarean section

Objective: Channa striatus or Haruan was found to have beneficial effect for wound healing and anti-intlammatory due to its' amino acids and fatty acids content. The obj ective of this study was to determine the effect of C. striatus supplementation on intlammatory markers which are high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), total white cell counts (TWCC) and platelet counts in post Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) patients. Desig11: This was a randomized; double blinded, placebo-controlled study among post LSCS women conducted in Hospital Univer siti Sains Malaysia from March 2010 to December 2012. Material and Methods: A Total of 33 patients from Cstriatus and 27 patients from placebo group were included in this study. Participants in the treatment group consumed 500 mg of freeze dried c..~triatus extract daily while the participants in pl acebo group consumed 500 mg of placebo daily for 3 days. Venous bloods for hsCRP, TWCC and platelet counts were taken from each par ticipant postoperati vely at day I and day 3. Resulls: Within C. striatus group, there wer e significant redu ction in hsCRP (P < 0.001) and TWCC (P < 0.001), with significant increase in platelet count (P < 0.001) from day I to day 3. Similar pattern of changes were observed within control group. Between group compar ison at day 3 post oper atively indicates no significant difference in hsCRP (P = 0.275), TWCC (P = 0.983) and platelet count (P = 0.206) between the two groups. Co11clusion: In conclusion, there is no significant difference in the infl ammatory markers durin g wound healing in post LSCS women

Effect of oral supplementation of channa striatus extract on total antioxidant status during wound healing in post lower segment caesarean section women

Objectil>e: C. striatus has been suggested to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for wound healing. This study was conducted to determine the level of Total Antioxid ant Status (TAS) and the effectiveness of or al suppl emen tation of C. striatus extract in post Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) patients during wound healing. Design: This was a r andomized; double blinded, pl ace bo-co ntr oll ed study among post LSCS women conducted in Department of Obstetri c and Gynaecology, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from March 2010 to December 20 12. Material and Methods: A total of 39 patients from C.striatus and 34 patients from pl acebo group wet·e in cluded in thi s study. After randomization, the treatment group consumed 500 mg of freeze dried C. striatus extract daily while the placebo group consumed 500 mg of placebo (maltodextr in) daily for 6 weeks. For each subject, venous bloods for TAS were taken postoperatively at day I, day 3, week 2, week 4 and week 6. Repeated measure for analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the changes ofTAS between and within both groups throughout the 6 weeks intervention. Result.~ : The result suggested an in crement of TAS level within C.striatus group from second week postoperative onwards which might involve in th e enh ancement of wound healing. Conclusion: The ad ministration of C.striatus extract has beneficial effec t dur ing wound healing by enhancing the process in post-oper ative LSCS wome

Evaluation of wound healing biomarkers of Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Matrix Metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) in post Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) patients consuming Channa Striatus extract

Background: Wound healing is a dynamic process which is divided into four phases; haemostasis, inflammatory, proliferation and tissue remodelling phases, that encompasses inflammatory cells, cytokines and growth factors. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) involve at the different phases of wound healing. Channa striatus (C.striatus) is a fresh water fish that is believed to have natural properties to promote wound healing. Currently, the effects of C.striatus on the cytokines and growth factors are not available. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the wound healing biomarkers; IL-6, VEGF and MMP-9 on post Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) women consuming oral C.striatus extract. Methods: This was a randomised, double-blinded study amongst LSCS women consuming C.striatus extract versus a placebo at Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital and Raja Perempuan Zainab II Hospital from May 2011 to January 2013. After randomization, the treatment group received freeze dried C.striatus extract 500 mg daily while the placebo group received maltodextrin 500 mg daily for 6 weeks. Blood samples for IL-6, VEGF and MMP-9 were taken from both groups post-operatively at day 3, week 2, week 4 and week 6. The data were analysed using SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 39 patients from C.striatus and 34 patients from placebo group were included in this study. Within C.striatus group, the results of IL-6, MMP-9 and VEGF showed significant differences (P<0.05) for all the study period. Between group comparison showed significant difference (P<0.05) on week 4 and week 6 for IL-6 and MMP-9 whereas VEGF showed significant difference (P<0.05) on day 1, day 3, week 4 and week 6. The trend of IL-6 and MMP-9 exhibit decreasing trend in both groups however, VEGF in C.striatus group exhibit increasing trend till week 6 compared to placebo group. Conclusion: This study showed C.striatus extract had effects on IL-6, VEGF and MMP-9 in post LSCS women

Evaluation of HbA1c using high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients suspected to have haemoglobin variant

BACKGROUND: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is widely used for HbA1c measurement. However, it is prone to haemoglobin (Hb) variant interference. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is believed to have better performance in patients with Hb variant. This study aimed to compare HbA1c level between HPLC and CE among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients suspected to have Hb variant, determine the type of Hb variant among those patients, and evaluate the agreement between both methods.METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted at Endocrine Laboratory, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, from June till December 2020. HbA1c results of adults T2DM from HPLC with suspected Hb variant were re-analysed using CE. The comparisons of HbA1c were made using paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The correlation and method comparison were made using Pearson correlation, Bland Altman (BA) and Passing-Bablok (PB), whereas the agreement using Intraclass Coefficients Correlation (ICC).RESULTS: 250 patients were included with a median (IQR) age of 52.19 (11.11) years. For reportable results (?3.8% to ?18.5%), both methods showed no difference (p=0.382) whereas the results were difference for HbA1c >18.5% (p=0.048). 26 patients had Hb analysis with majority having Hb E trait 14 (5.6%). HPLC overestimated HbA1c in patients with Hb J and alpha Hb variant while CE able to report. Pearson correlation and PB regression analysis showed good correlation (r=0.987, p<0.001) and good agreement [slope of 1.0 (95% CI: 1.00 to 1.03); intercept of -0.3 (95% CI: ?0.61 to 0.30)]. BA plot revealed a mean difference of 0.30% (95% CI:0.00 to 0.50) with limits of agreement from ?0.54 to +1.14. ICC showed excellent reliability (0.983 (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: HPLC and CE can be used interchangeably for HbA1c analysis across the measurement range. CE is the preferred in T2DM with certain Hb variant.peer-reviewe

Changes in the inflammatory markers with supplementation of channa striatus extract in post lower segment caesarean section

Objecti1•e: Channa striatus or Haruan was found to have beneficial effect for wound healing and anti-inflammatory due to its' amino acids and fatty acids content. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of C.striatu .~ supplementation on inflammatory markers which are high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), total white cell counts (TWCC) and platelet counts in post Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) patients. De.sig11: This was a randomized; double blinded, placebo-controlled sntdy among post LSCS women conducted in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from March 2010 to December 2012. Material and Methods: A Total of 33 patients from C.striatus and 27 patients from placebo group were included in this study. Participants in the treatment group consumed 500 mg of freeze dried Cstriatu.~ extract daily while the participants in placebo group consumed 500 mg of placebo daily for 3 days. Venous bloods for hsCRP, TWCC and platelet counts were taken from each participant postoperatively at day I and day 3. Results: Within C. striatus group, there were significant reduction in hsCRP (P < 0.001) and TWCC (P < 0.001), with significant increase in platelet count (P < 0.001) from day I to day 3. Similar pattern of changes were observed within control gro up. Between group comparison at day 3 post operatively indicates no significant difference in hsCRP (P = 0.275), TWCC (P = 0.983) and platelet count (P = 0.206) benveen the nvo groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is no significant difference in the inflammatory markers during wound healing in post LSCS women

Assessment and comparison of the effect of oral Channa striatus extract versus glucosamine sulphate administration in serum cartilage and inflammatory marker in knee osteoarthritis patients

Objectives: Currently, the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) is to provide pain relief. However, concerns on the side effects with the current treatment has encouraged studies to search for natural products. Channa striatus (CS) is a freshwater fish that is proclaimed as natural remedies to various illnesses by local communities without scientific evidence. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral administration of CS extract (500 mg/day) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients on the level of chondroprotective marker—cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) and inflammatory marker—Cyclooxgenase-2 (COX-2) and compared it with glucosamine sulphate (GS) treated patients. Methods: This was a randomised and double-blind trial comparing the effect of CS extract (500 mg/day) and GS (1,500 mg/day) treated groups. The number of patients in CS and GS groups were n = 36 and n = 37, respectively. Blood samples were collected at different-time periods (baseline and six months) to assess the level of COMP and COX-2 using commercially available kits. The results were expressed in median and interquartile range (IQR) and P < 0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: Seventy-three patients enrolled in this study. There were 30 male (41.1%) and 43 female (58.9%) patients with mean age of 53(7) years old. There was a significant reduction of COMP (P < 0.05) and COX-2 (P < 0.05) levels within the groups of GS and CS extract. However, there is no significant median difference in the reduction of COMP and COX-2 levels observed between GS and CS extract treated groups. Thus, CS extract showed as effective as GS in having chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect on KOA patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, CS extract on a six months supplementation was found to have reduction properties on the cartilage and inflammatory markers. This could suggest that CS can be an alternative treatment derived from natural source for the treatment of KOA

Antimicrobial activity of propolis from Trigona thoracica towards cariogenic bacteria

Propolis is an important bee product which consists of resinous mixture produce by the honeybees from various plant sources. Propolis produced by stingless bee (Trigona thoracica), commonly known as ‘Kelulut’ in Malaysia, is also known to have medicinal values. The Trigona thoracica bees are widely distributed throughout Malaysia. The properties of propolis from Trigona thoracica have been investigated in vitro and in vivo. It is renowned to have various biological activities as the antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antiinflammatory and anticancer. Currently, there is limited scientific studies that show antimicrobial activities of propolis against the oral pathogens. Thus, this study is carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) from Trigona thoracica against cariogenic bacteria (S.mutans & S.sobrinus). This study is performed using the agar well diffusion assay to screen the antimicrobial activity of EEP from Trigona thoracica expressed as mean of inhibition diameter and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EEP will be determined by the broth microdilution method. The mean of inhibition diameter and MIC between EEP and standard antibiotic (metronidazole) against S.mutans and S.sobrinus is not statistically different. In conclusion, EEP from Trigona thoracica has antimicrobial properties against cariogenic bacteria

Global Prevalence of Macroprolactinemia among Patients with Hyperprolactinemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hyperprolactinemia (hPRL) often poses a diagnostic dilemma due to the presence of macroprolactin. Understanding the prevalence of macroprolactinemia (mPRL) has an important implication in managing patients with hPRL. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mPRL globally and to explore selected factors influencing the prevalence estimate. Studies with original data related to the prevalence of mPRL among patients with hPRL from inception to March 2020 were identified, and a random effects meta-analysis was performed. Of the 3770 records identified, 67 eligible studies from 27 countries were included. The overall global prevalence estimate was 18.9% (95% CI: 15.8%, 22.1%) with a substantial statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 95.7%). The highest random effects pooled prevalence was observed in the African region (30.3%), followed by Region of the Americas (29.1%), European (17.5%), Eastern Mediterranean (13.9%), South-East Asian (12.7%), and Western Pacific Region (12.6%). Lower prevalence was observed in studies involving both sexes as compared to studies involving only female participants (17.1% vs. 25.4%) and in more recent studies (16.4%, 20.4%, and 26.5% in studies conducted after 2009, between 2000 and 2009, and before 2000, respectively). The prevalence estimate does not vary according to the age group of study participants, sample size, and types of polyethylene glycol (PEG) used for detection of macroprolactin (PEG 6000 or PEG 8000). With macroprolactin causing nearly one-fifth of hPRL cases, screening for mPRL should be made a routine before an investigation of other causes of hPRL