Kesediaan untuk berubah dalam kalangan guru sekolah rendah di negeri Kelantan

Kajian ini merupakan sebuah kajian kuantitatif menggunakan kaedah tinjauan. Kajian ini bertujuan menentukan tahap kesediaan untuk berubah dalam kalangan guru sekolah rendah di seluruh negeri Kelantan. Daripada jumlah 16, 305 orang guru sekolah rendah di seluruh negeri Kelantan, seramai 413 orang telah dipilih sebagai responden kajian. Data berkaitan 6 dimensi kesediaan untuk berubah (kewajaran berubah, sokongan pengurusan, efikasi, valens personal, diskrepansi, dan komunikasi) dikumpul menggunakan kaedah soal selidik. Nilai pekali alpha bagi soal selidik yang digunakan adalah dalam julat di antara 0.812- 0.948. Kajian mendapati guru mempunyai tahap kesediaan untuk berubah yang tinggi. Didapati min bagi dimensi luaran (sokongan pengurusan, komunikasi) kesediaan berubah lebih tinggi daripada min dimensi dalaman (efikasi, valens personal). Guru-guru bersedia untuk berubah sekiranya faktor luaran dapat dipenuhi. Kesediaan untuk berubah guru didapati berbeza mengikut jantina dan tempoh berkhidmat. Tahap kesediaan berubah guru lelaki didapati lebih tinggi berbanding guru perempuan, terutamanya bagi dimensi sokongan pengurusan dan kewajaran berubah. Guru-guru baharu menunjukkan tahap kesediaan untuk berubah lebih tinggi daripada guru-guru lama, terutamanya bagi dimensi komunikasi, diskrepansi dan sokongan pengurusan

Physiological-based Driver Monitoring Systems: A Scoping Review

A physiological-based driver monitoring system (DMS) has attracted research interest and has great potential for providing more accurate and reliable monitoring of the driver’s state during a driving experience. Many driving monitoring systems are driver behavior-based or vehicle-based. When these non-physiological based DMS are coupled with physiological-based data analysis from electroencephalography (EEG), electrooculography (EOG), electrocardiography (ECG), and electromyography (EMG), the physical and emotional state of the driver may also be assessed. Drivers’ wellness can also be monitored, and hence, traffic collisions can be avoided. This paper highlights work that has been published in the past five years related to physiological-based DMS. Specifically, we focused on the physiological indicators applied in DMS design and development. Work utilizing key physiological indicators related to driver identification, driver alertness, driver drowsiness, driver fatigue, and drunk driver is identified and described based on the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-Sc) Framework. The relationship between selected papers is visualized using keyword co-occurrence. Findings were presented using a narrative review approach based on classifications of DMS. Finally, the challenges of physiological-based DMS are highlighted in the conclusion. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-12-020 Full Text: PD

Design Comparison Of Rf Spdt Switch With Switchable Resonators For Wimax And Lte In 3.5 Ghz Band

In this paper, a design comparison of RF SPDT switch with switchable resonators for WiMAX and LTE in 3.5 GHz was reported and discussed. Four SPDT switch designs were compared to each other in terms of isolation, return loss, insertion loss, number of utilised PIN diodes, and absorptive feature. The first SPDT switch design, Design 1, used a two-cascaded switchable transmission line stub resonators. The second, Design 2, utilised a two-cascaded switchable radial stub resonators. The third, Design 3, was based on three-cascaded switchable parallel coupled lines and a single radial stub resonator. Design 4 was based on three-cascaded switchable rings and a single radial stub resonator. As a result, Design 4 showed a very good simulated and measured isolation, return loss and insertion loss at the operation frequency of 3.5 GHz. Besides, Design 4 resulted with the highest isolation with an absorptive feature

Design Of SPDT Switch With Transmission Line Stub Resonator For WiMAX And LTE In 3.5 Ghz Band

A Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) switch design with transmission line stub resonator for application of WiMAX and LTE in 3.5 GHz band is proposed in this paper. The transmission line stub resonator is an open stub with quarter wave of the electrical length. A PIN diode was used in the resonator to reconfigure the resonator between bandstop and allpass responses. The implementation of the transmission line stub resonators in SPDT switch design was discussed together with the circuit operation. The result showed that the isolation of SPDT switch with transmission line stub resonator was higher than 30 dB in the 3.5 GHz band compared to the conventional design and it was verified with measurement results

Demonstration of duty cycle division multiplexing with bit error rate estimation

Experimental demonstration of Duty Cycle Division Multiplexing (DCDM) is reported which validates the potential implementation of the system in communication field. We also presented the operation of bit error rate (BER) estimation algorithm, which is specially derived for DCDM. With the increase of link attenuation, the signal amplitude decreased and the pulses are distorted. BER estimation on the received signal was performed and measured against transmission distance of 100 meter until 400 meter copper wire. It is shown that the channel with the largest duty-cycle value shows the best performance. The experimental eye diagrams at several distances are also demonstrated and compared against their back-to-back counterpart

Simulation Analysis On The Potential Application Of Matched Bandstop To Bandpass Filter In Filter Integrated SPDT Switch Design

This paper presents the simulation analysis on the potential application of matched bandstop to bandpass filter in filter integrated switch (FIS) design.The FIS consists of matched band-stop to bandpass filter integrated with singlepole-double-throw (SPDT) switch. The proposed design was demonstrated for 2.45 GHz applications in wireless data communication systems such as Bluetooth and Zigbee.The filter was based on L-shape lossy resonator,which can provide an absorptive feature. PIN diodes were used as switching elements for the SPDT switch and to reconfigure between band-stop and bandpass responses.Therefore,the key advantages of the proposed design are high isolation and good return loss at both ON-and OFF-state ports.As a result,the simulation showed the followings:higher than 10 dB of return loss and greater than 25 dB of isolation at the operation frequency

Acceptance and application of Islamic financial planning among small and medium enterprises Halal operator in Peninsular of Malaysia

Halal Industry in Malaysia has created employment opportunities especially among Small, medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). High demand for Halal products especially from Islamic countries has put Halal industry as one of the national agenda priorities. In the Eleventh Malaysia Plan (11MP), the halal industry had been given special emphasis by the Prime Minister to ensuring the halal industry is highly and persistently competitive. In Asia, Malaysia has been considered as a leader in the development of the Halal hub center. However, halal industry is not only about halal food production, but also it covers Islamic finance services which prohibit interest (riba), uncertainties (gharar) and gambling (maysir). Islamic financial planning is one of the important parts of Islamic finance because it plays a big role in providing Shariah compliant funds and investment opportunities especially for SMEs halal operators. The holistic approach to halal industry should also cover not only halal food production, but also Islamic financial planning which includes activities such as how to create, increase, purify and to protect wealth from Islamic perspective. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between acceptance of Islamic finance and the application of Islamic financial planning among SMEs halal operators in Peninsular Malaysia. The findings of this study reveal that the acceptance of Islamic finance was significantly correlated with the application of Islamic financial planning among SMEs halal operator. These finding indicated the important of integration between acceptance on the Halal industry with Islamic financial planning activities. SMEs Halal operators should be able to accept the Islamic finance principles. This relationship recognises the importance of acceptance and practice of Islamic financial planning among halal SMEs operators in promoting halal products and services and boost demand for Malaysian halal products at the international level

Combination effect of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid treatment on breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa)

Breast cancer and cervical cancer are among the leading causes of death among women in the world. Even though chemotherapy is available as cancer treatment, the development of drug resistance in both cancer cells has reduced the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in such treatment. The current study was aimed to evaluate the cell viability of human breast cancer cells, MCF-7, and cervical cancer cells, HeLa upon the combination treatment of ascorbic acid and tamoxifen. The cell viability was measured using the MTT assay, with an incubation period of 72 hours in a humidified CO2 incubator. The concentrations of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid that reduced 50% of the cell population (IC50) were determined from the dose-response curve. The IC50 concentration was used to determine the cell viability in the treated cells. CompuSyn software was used to evaluate the combined effects towards both cells upon treatment and the results were calculated as combination index (CI). The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism (version 7). Statistical analysis was performed using an independent t-test. The IC50 values of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid on MCF-7 cells were 14.53 μg/ml and 15.8 μg/ml respectively, while the IC50 values of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid on HeLa cells were 11.09 μg/ml and 202.3 μg/ml respectively. The combination of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid exerted a greater growth reduction percentage in both cells compared to tamoxifen alone. The results indicated that ascorbic acid synergizes the cytotoxic effect of tamoxifen at lower concentrations towards MCF-7 cells with a CI less than 1. However, the combination of tamoxifen and ascorbic acid exerted an antagonistic effect in HeLa cells, with a CI more than 1

High gain of UWB planar antenna utilising FSS reflector for UWB applications

In this paper, a high gain and directional coplanar waveguide (CPW)- fed ultra-wideband (UWB) planar antenna with a new frequency selective surface (FSS) unit cells design is proposed for UWB applications. The proposed UWB antenna was designed based on the Mercedes artistic-shaped planar (MAP) antenna. The antenna consisted of a circular ring embedded with three straight legs for antenna impedance bandwidth improvement. The modelled FSS used the integration of a two parallel conductive metallic patch with a circular loop structure. The FSS provided a UWB stopband filter response covering a bandwidth of 10.5 GHz, for frequencies from 2.2 to 12.7 GHz. The proposed FSS had a compact physical dimension of 5 mm × 5 mm × 1.6 mm, with a printed array of 19 × 19 FSS unit cells. The FSS unit cells were printed on only one side of the dielectric FR4 substrate and placed as a sandwich between the antenna and the reflector ground plane. An equivalent circuit configuration (ECC) was used to verify the FSS unit cell structure’s performance. The simulated results indicated that the UWB MAP antenna and FSS reflector provided a fractional bandwidth of 136% and a high gain of 11.5 dB at 8.5 GHz with an acceptable radiation efficiency of 89%. Furthermore, the gain was improved across the operating band and kept between 8.3 and 11.5 dB. The proposed antenna was in good agreement between theoretical and experimental results and offered a wide enough bandwidth for UWB and vehicle applications

Tracking the early depleting transmission dynamics of COVID-19 with a time-varying SIR model

The susceptible-infectious-removed (SIR) model offers the simplest framework to study transmission dynamics of COVID-19, however, it does not factor in its early depleting trend observed during a lockdown. We modified the SIR model to specifically simulate the early depleting transmission dynamics of COVID-19 to better predict its temporal trend in Malaysia. The classical SIR model was fitted to observed total (I total), active (I) and removed (R) cases of COVID-19 before lockdown to estimate the basic reproduction number. Next, the model was modified with a partial time-varying force of infection, given by a proportionally depleting transmission coefficient, βt and a fractional term, z. The modified SIR model was then fitted to observed data over 6 weeks during the lockdown. Model fitting and projection were validated using the mean absolute percent error (MAPE). The transmission dynamics of COVID-19 was interrupted immediately by the lockdown. The modified SIR model projected the depleting temporal trends with lowest MAPE for I total, followed by I, I daily and R. During lockdown, the dynamics of COVID-19 depleted at a rate of 4.7% each day with a decreased capacity of 40%. For 7-day and 14-day projections, the modified SIR model accurately predicted I total, I and R. The depleting transmission dynamics for COVID-19 during lockdown can be accurately captured by time-varying SIR model. Projection generated based on observed data is useful for future planning and control of COVID-19