Herlyn-werner-wunderlich syndrome: MRI findings, radiological guide (two cases and literature review), and differential diagnosis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome is a very rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract involving Müllerian ducts and Wolffian structures, and it is characterized by the triad of didelphys uterus, obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. It generally occurs at puberty and exhibits non-specific and variable symptoms with acute or pelvic pain shortly following menarche, causing a delay in the diagnosis. Moreover, the diagnosis is complicated by the infrequency of this syndrome, because Müllerian duct anomalies (MDA) are infrequently encountered in a routine clinical setting.</p> <p>Cases presentation</p> <p>two cases of HWW syndrome in adolescents and a differential diagnosis for one case of a different MDA, and the impact of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technology to achieve the correct diagnosis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>MR imaging is a very suitable diagnostic tool in order to perform the correct diagnosis of HWW syndrome.</p

Magnetoelectric effects of nanoparticulate Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3-NiFe2O4 composite films

We fabricated Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3-NiFe2O4 composite films consisting of randomly dispersed NiFe2O4 nanoparticles in the Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 matrix. The structural analysis revealed that the crystal axes of the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles are aligned with those of the ferroelectric matrix. The composite has good ferroelectric and magnetic properties. We measured the transverse and longitudinal components of the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient, which supports the postulate that the magnetoelectric effect comes from direct stress coupling between magnetostrictive NiFe2O4 and piezoelectric Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 grains.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

A Case of Intra- and Extra-Mural Hematomas During Recanalization for Chronic Total Occlusion

An intramural hematoma is an accumulation of blood between the internal and external elastic membranes within the medial space, whereas an extramural hematoma is a dilution and/or dissemination of blood throughout the adventitia. Intra- and extra-hematomas are observed by intravascular ultrasound during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The patient described herein presented with angina pectoris. Her coronary angiogram showed diffuse narrowing of the mid-left anterior descending artery and total occlusion of the distal right coronary artery (RCA). Intra- and extra-mural hematomas developed during PCI of the RCA; however, the lesions were covered successfully using long drug-eluting stents

Patterns of Recurrence after Breast-Conserving Treatment for Early Stage Breast Cancer by Molecular Subtype

Purpose: To study clinical features and patterns of recurrence after breast-conserving treatment (BCT) for three molecular subtypes of early stage breast cancer. Methods: The sample studied included 596 patients with T1-2N0-1 breast cancer who received BCT. Three groups were defined by receptor status. Luminal: estrogen receptor (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) positive; triple negative (TN): ER, PR, and epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) receptor negative; and HER2 overexpressing: ER and PR negative but HER2 receptor positive. Results: The number of patients in each group was 408 (68.5%), 105 (17.6%), and 83 (13.9%), respectively. The median follow-up period was 79 months. The TN and HER2 subtypes occurred in younger patients (p=0.0007) and had higher nuclear grade and poorer histologic grade (p&lt;0.0001 and 0.0071, respectively). During the follow-up period, locoregional recurrence was detected as th

Concurrent Medullary Carcinoma and Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: A Case Report with an Emphasis on US Features

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare malignancy that originates from the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune thyroid disease and is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. Previous studies have frequently discussed the association among HT, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and thyroid lymphoma. However, there have been few reports on the ultrasonographic findings of concomitant HT and MTC. In the present case, a heterogeneous hypoechoic background parenchymal echogenicity, with intraglandular echogenic strands, and increased vascularity were observed. A concurrent, ill-defined, parallel-oriented, heterogeneous hypoechoic mass with central microcalcifications was located at the left thyroid gland, consistent with reported US findings of medullary thyroid carcinoma except for an ill-defined margin in our case

Ultrasonography of normal and abnormal appendix in children

Appendicitis is the most common acute surgical emergency of childhood. Since the original report by Puylaert in 1986, the use of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of appendicitis has been the subject of considerable study. Among the reported diagnostic criteria, the maximal outer diameter (MOD) of the appendix is accepted as the one of the most reliable criteria used to differentiate between a normal appendix and acute appendicitis. However, MOD measurement is subject to inaccuracies because luminal distention by non-compressible, non-inflammatory material such as fecal material, or increased maximal mural thickness due to reactive mucosal lymphoid hyperplasia, or a medical cause due to a generalized gastrointestinal disease, such as Crohn’s disease, can cause the measurement to exceed the upper limits of normality. The aim of this article is to introduce the spectrum of ultrasonographic findings in the normal and abnormal appendix and eventually to reduce unnecessary surgery in children

Rare Manifestation of the Cutaneous and Cervical Lymph Node Metastases of Urothelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder: A Case Report

Lymph node metastasis from bladder cancer mainly involves the external/internal iliac and obturator nodes as the primary lymphatic drainage sites of the bladder, and common iliac sites as the secondary drainage. Lymph node involvement above the diaphragm is rare. Metastasis to the head and neck region is associated with poor prognosis and low survival rate. Herein, we report a case of cervical cutaneous and lymph node metastases in a patient with bladder cancer. This is a rare case of advanced urothelial carcinoma presenting as an aggressive inflammatory process with extensive lymph node involvement, without bony or visceral metastasis

Radiologic findings of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor arising in the retroperitoneum

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to present the radiological findings of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors that arise in the retroperitoneum. CONCLUSION: Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) arising in the retroperitoneum tend to be large and aggressive. Although the imaging appearance of peripheral PNETs is nonspecific, these tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis when one encounters a large retroperitoneal mass with aggressive features