Effect of cadmium on changes in concentration of adenine nucleotides induced by mitochondria

The effect of Cd2+ on the respiration of rat liver mitochondria was investigated. The uncoupling effect of Cd2+ was partially restored by the addition of Mg2+. The influence of Cd2+ on adenine nucleotide concentrations in the reaction mixture consisting of mitochondria and ATP was also studied using high performance liquid chromatography. In the presence of added Mg2+, a two-fold increase in AMP concentration was brought about by the addition of Cd2+. There was a concomitant decrease in ATP. In the prence of added ADP, an increase in AMP concentration was also brought about by addition of Cd2+. The results are discussed in relation to ATPase and adenylate kinase activity in mitochondria.</p

Characteristics of Growth of Activated Sludge Cultivated with Cow\u27s Milk

An activated sludge was cultivated with cow\u27s milk to prepare a sample to study a metabolism of organic substrate by activated sludge, and to compare characters of the sludge cultivated with cow\u27s milk with those cultivated with artificial sewage containing glucose, polypepton etc.. The characteristics of growth of the sludge were investigated as a preliminary test. It seems that our attempt was successful at least on finding the culture conditions enable to obtain a stable activated sludge by using cow\u27s milk as a substrate. It is necessary for the growth of activated sludge that initial load of cow\u27s milk per initial concentration of MLSS (F_o/M_o) exceeds 0.8-0.9 mL cow\u27s milk/gMLSS per day. When F_o/M_o exceeded about 1.5mL cow\u27s milk/gMLSS per day, SV_30 increased rapidly, filamentous microorganisms grew in the sludge, and SVI exceeded 200. An increase in MLSS with cultivation caused decrease of F_o/M_i (i : cultivation days), filamentous microorganisms disappeared and SVI decreased. The activated sludge is able to be utilized conveniently as a sample for the education of environmental science

ギンゴケ BRYUM ARGENTEUM HEDW. オヨビ ウメノキゴケ PARMELIA TINCTORUM チュウノ ジュウキンゾク オ シヒョウ トシタ タイキ オセン ノ ヒョウカ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

The relationships between the levels of the air pollution and the levels of heavy metals in Bryum argenteum Hedw. and Parmelia tinctorum were investigated. The concentrations of Ca, Al, K, Fe and Na in Bryum argenteum Hedw. and Parmelia tinctorum were higher than another elements. These results were similar to previous paper. The differences of relative concentration (concentration/geometrical average concentration) of Hg in Bryum argenteum Hedw. at various sampling points were not recognized. The main reason is that the concentrations of Hg and Sb originated from both of the soil and industrial pollution. Then the enrichment factors (EF) were calculated to exclude the effect of the soil origin. The EF of the man-made element in Bryum argenteum Hedw. at the urban sites were higher than those at the rural sites

コケチュウ ノ ガンユウ ジュウキンゾク ニヨル タイキ オセン トノ カンレン ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

The levels of atomospheric pollution in Okayama city were discussed by using the levels of heavy metals in mosses (Bryum argenteum Hedw.). The moss samples were collected from ten sites in Okayama. The metals in mosses were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence analysis and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The concentrations of trace mercury were also analyzed by frameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a combustion-gold trapping heat vaporization technique. In results, metal values for mosses collected from the areas of relatively higher level of air pollution and or the areas of varying traffic densities were higher than the value from the other, and it was suggested that amounts of heavy metals such as mercury in mosses were able to be used as an indicater of the air pollution

ホテイアオイ ノ セイイク ニ トモナウ サイバイエキ ノ ケイタイベツ チッソ ノ キョドウ

It was studied to examine the changes of nitrogen sources in water hyacinth aquatic treatment systems (cultured area ; 0.3m^2,initial value of water hyacinth ; 600g, contacting time ; about 24 hr.). Influent was introduced from outlet of extended-aeration plants. Results in growthing period of water hyacinth (from early summer to fall) are as follows : 1) Total nitrogen was decreased by approximately 4 mg/l (22%) in average. Ammonium nitrogen was decreased by 2.8 mg/l, but decrease of nitrate nitrogen was not seen. 2) In basic water (pH&gnE;6.5 ), decrease of ammonium nitrogen was seen remarkably. Conversely, decrease of nirate was seen slightly in acidic water (pH<6.5) according to t-test (risk rate : 10%). 3) It was suggested that nitrogen sources absorbed by water hyacinth were both ammonium nitrogen and nitrate, but rate of absorption by water hyacinth was depended to pH levels in culture water

ホテイアオイ ノ チッソ ジョキョノウ ニ タイスル カドミウム ノ エイキョウ

It was studied to examine the effects of cadmium for removal of nitrogen by water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in plastic pots. In results, 1) Cadmium was absorbed by water hyacinth and was accumuiated in root mostly. The amounts of cadmium transfered from root to top were depended on the initial values in water. 2) The capacity for removal of nitrogen was dropped with increse of Cdamounts in water. 3) The growth of water hyacinth was suppressed in existence of cadmium of 0.25-1.00 mg/l