Winter residency and site association in the critically endangered North East Atlantic spurdog (Squalus acanthias)

Identification and incorporation of residential behaviour into elasmobranch management plans has the potential to substantially increase their effectiveness by identifying sites where Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) might be used to help conserve species with high migratory potential. There is evidence that spurdog (Squalus acanthias) displays site association in some parts of its global distribution, but this has currently not been shown within the North East Atlantic where it is critically endangered. Here we investigate the movements of electronically tagged spurdog within Loch Etive, a sea loch on the west coast of Scotland. Archival data storage tags (DSTs), that recorded depth and temperature, revealed that mature female spurdog over wintered within the loch, restricting their movements to the upper basin, and remaining either in the loch or the local vicinity for the rest of the year. This finding was supported by evidence for limited movements from conventional mark/recapture data and acoustically tagged individual spurdog. Some of the movements between the loch basins appear to be associated with breeding and parturition events. This high level of site association suggests that spatial protection of the loch would aid the conservation of different age and sex classes of spurdog

Development of space stable thermal control coatings Triannual report, Mar. 1 - Jul. 31, 1967

Ultraviolet irradiation effects on space stable thermal control zinc coating

Industrial competitiveness of the auto parts industries in four large Asian countries : the role of government policy in a challenging international environment

Rationalization and stabilization following the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s combined with the expansion and liberalization of regional and global trade to create significant parts industries in China, Indonesia, and the Republic of Korea. Conventional policies of stabilization and liberalization, however, cannot fully explain growth patterns. Japan and Korea grewinto major players before liberalizing trade and investment, while even after extensive liberalization Indonesia has yet to move from extensive to intensive growth. These anomalies suggest that to explain success in the auto parts industry we need to move beyond liberalization to look at policies and institutions promoting economies of scale, skill formation, quality upgrading, supplier-linkage cooperation, and innovation. In Japan, the regional and global leader, innovative assemblers led industrial development and supported key suppliers, but the government also supported diffusion of quality control techniques and new technology to small and medium enterprises, and encouraged stable employment among core employees. Korea remains weaker on both small and medium enterprise and employment fronts, but government-encouraged consolidation around a small number of business groups, an extended period of protection, and support for export promotion led to economies of scale. Liberalization of foreign investment after the financial crisis helped ameliorate the excessive statism of earlier policies and strengthened the parts industry. In China, liberalization for WTO entry, rapid expansion in demand, and strong support by local governments encouraged a wave of foreign investment in both assembly and parts. In contrast, institutional weaknesses continue to constrain development opportunities in Indonesia.Technology Industry,Economic Theory&Research,Water and Industry,Markets and Market Access,Non Bank Financial Institutions

Institutional arrangements for cooperative fisheries management: A case study of the Newfoundland and Labrador northern shrimp fishery

The intent of this study is to examine the present institutional arrangements of the Newfoundland and Labrador Northern shrimp fishery, to identify the roles of cooperative fisheries economic development corporations and make recommendations for institutional improvements. There are a number of institutional and organizational arrangements more favorable for fisheries management and development than present ones (Bishop, 1981; Bromley, 1982; McCay and Acheson, 1987; Pinkerton, 1989). Jentoft and McCay (1995) identified the need for this type of research in fisheries management in order to understand the complexity of relationships in fisheries management and to develop more effective means of fisheries management in general. The research was divided into two phases. The first phase constituted a review of the literature focusing on cooperative fisheries management and the relative importance of institutional research and institutional considerations in fisheries management. The first part of the thesis presented a vision of how commercial fisheries should be managed and regulated to promote cooperative fisheries economic development arrangements. The strengths and weaknesses identified in the literature regarding cooperative fisheries management, institutional arrangements, systems theory, ecosystem-based management, coastal zone management, and economic development were adapted to develop a normative model and evaluative institutional framework for cooperative fisheries management arrangements. Evaluative criteria were based on elements of process (interactive organizations, local control, community support, planned processes) and substantive values (substantive diversity, holism). The second phase of this research involved the selection of the Newfoundland and Labrador Northern shrimp fishery as a case study for the application of the normative framework. The Northern shrimp fishery is a relatively new fishery and is presently undergoing a major transformation in management and institutional structure. At the same time, the province of Newfoundland and Labrador is also undergoing an institutional restructuring in its approach to regional and community economic development. Through application of the normative framework, institutional constraints regarding the Newfoundland and Labrador Northern shrimp fishery were identified. At the same time, through application of the framework, field interviews revealed a number of institutional opportunities for economic development corporations as alternative institutional arrangements in the cooperative management and development of the Northern shrimp fishery. The research concluded that institutional arrangements are an important prerequisite for facilitating effective cooperative fisheries management and development arrangements. The minimum critical criteria for institutional arrangements for cooperative fisheries management include interactive organizations, local control of regulation, management and decision-making responsibilities, community support and a planned process. Institutional arrangements in fisheries management are the entity from which resource management decisions are made and action is taken. Effective institutional arrangements facilitate a cooperative management arena, decentralize and delegate responsibility to the resource users and lowest capable organizations, allow a more flexible management process, and provide a framework in which problems can be evaluated and addressed in a timely and equitable manner. It is concluded in this thesis that rather than undergo a complete institutional restructuring of the present Northern shrimp fishery to achieve these critical conditions, processes and mechanisms provided by cooperative fisheries economic development corporations could offer an alternative management arrangement for cooperative fisheries management and development. Cooperative fisheries economic development corporations display characteristics of interactive organizations, local control, community support and strategic planning processes, essential for effective cooperative fisheries management and development

Dimensional changes resulting from the heat treatment of EN 30B and Nimar 125

Three components have been manufactured in both EN 30B and N1MAR 125. Dimensional changes following heat treatment have been recorded and, while the sample is only small, the report serves to illustrate the potential benefits which arise from the use of a maraging steel. NIMAR 125 is shown to have reasonably predictable dimensional characteristics and thus indicates the feasibility of completing all machining operations prior to heat treatment

The National Shawmut Bank of Boston; a case study of branch banking.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

Estimating the charge size in explosive forming of sheet metal

A method is given for estimating the charge size for the explosive forming of sheet metal components. The method is applied to a number of relatively simple shapes and good agreement is shown with experimental results

Crack formation in blanking and piercing

In recent experiments on blanking and piercing, it was found that cracks occurred in the region of maximum hardness gradient and that cracking could be eliminated by radiusing the punch and die edges. In this paper, a simple stress analysis is made of the corresponding plane strain deformation, account being taken of the strain-hardening property of the work material. The above experimental observations are then shown to be compatible with the predicted stress distributions