Relationship between the duration of diabetes and severity of neuropathy in patients of peripheral neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) has devastating impact on the social, personal as well as economic life of a diabetic patient. In US, prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in adult diabetics is approximately 28%. The aim of this study is to establish relationship between the duration of diabetes and severity of neuropathy in patients with peripheral neuropathic DFU. Methods: This is a prospective observational study, including 30 patients, who underwent history, examination and Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS) was used for diagnosing severity of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (mild, moderate, severe) from a period of October 2015 to June 2017. Results: In this study, we observed that the mean age of the diabetic foot patients was 53.50±12.03 years ranging from 30 to 75 years. Male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The mean duration of diabetes was 6.38±4.57 years. The patients with mild neuropathy had a mean duration of diabetes of 4.77±2.61 years, while, those with moderate and severe neuropathy had mean duration of 7.17±1.48years and 8.48±4.59 years, respectively. Conclusions: The study concluded that there is a significant association between duration of diabetes and severity of neuropathy, i.e., patients with longer duration of diabetes had severe peripheral neuropathy

Comparison between the conventional method and molecular line probe assay for identification and drug sensitivity of mycobacteria tuberculosis from clinical specimens

Rapid susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains is imperative for therapy selection but traditional drug susceptibility tests take weeks or are expensive. Classical drug susceptibility (DST) may take up to 2 to 4 months. The line probe assay is a commercially available line-probe assay that rapidly detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex, as well as the most common mutations associated with rifampicin and isoniazid. In this study we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the rapid molecular method in comparison with the conventional method

Study of Factors associated with anaemia in pregnant females belonging to rural Haryana

Anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency disorder found in about 56% of all women living in developing countries as per World Health Organization. It is the second most common cause in India and is responsible for 20% of total maternal deaths. Aims and Objectives: To study the factors associated with anemia in pregnant females and To study the prevalence of anaemia in rural pregnant women. Material and Methods:538 participants were interviewed by using a pre- structured and pretested questionnaire including prime gravida, second gravida and> second gravida over a period of 1year from November 2015 to November 2016 in a tertiary care centre in district Sonipat, Haryana. Anaemia was classified as per the World Health Organization (WHO) grading criteria which is taken as 11g/dl anaemia in pregnancy which is further classified in to mild anaemia (haemoglobin 10-10.9 g/dl), moderate anaemia (haemoglobin7.0-9.9 g/dl) and severe anemia (haemoglobin <7 g/dL as per WHO. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample. Inclusion criteria: The study subjects of age< 20 years to 30 and > 30 years were included. the prevalence of anaemia was observed in all the three trimesters. Exclusion criteria: Females with history of recent blood transfusion, chronic renal disease and ante partum haemorrhage were excluded. The diagnosis of anemia was undertaken by peripheral blood smear examination and standard haemoglobin estimation by Sahli’s method. Results: Among 538 subjects, the prevalence of anemia was found to be 58.48% classified in mild, moderate & severe categories. Mother‘s age, parity, education, socio-economic status, and dietary habits were found to be highly significant factors associated with maternal anemia. Other factors like family structure, size and attainment of menarche were found to be of least significance so far anemia is concerned Conclusion: High prevalence of anemia (59.3) calls for strict implementation of National Nutrition Anemia prophylaxis programme

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: a great diagnostic challenge

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare chronic inflammatory lesion of breast which presents as a spectrum of diseases and is diagnosed only histological. It is often a diagnosis of exclusion in most of the cases. Medical and surgical treatments have been tried with varied success rates and till today no standard protocol could be made in its management though excision remains the treatment of choice in refractory cases which is associated with morbidity more due to psychological factors. In the present case, medical treatment was tried in the initial phase followed by wide excision

Case report: laparoscopic management of a giant ovarian cyst

Ovarian cysts are of common occurrence in women but sometimes they acquire huge sizes and need to be differentiated meticulously from malignancy. Correct diagnosis can usually be made by clinical examination and use of diagnostic modalities like ultrasonography, CECT abdomen and biochemical markers. Management varies from case to case and includes both conservative and surgical modalities

Oligohydramnios maternal & fetal outcome in pregnant females

Oligohydramnios is considered to be one of the most common complication diagnosed more frequently these days due to frequent usage of ultrasonography. Due to oligohydramnios , risk of intrapartum complications, perinatalmorbidity and mortality increases. The aims of this study are to study the maternal and fetal effects ofoligohydramnios, to evaluate the causesof oligohydramnios and to evaluate the perinatal morbidity andmortality

Cholecystocutaneous fistula: a rare presentation of cholelithiasis

Cholecystocutaneous fisutla as a complication of calculus cholecystitis is a rare clinical entity with less than 20 cases reported in literature in last 50 years .It is hardly seen these days due to early diagnosis and treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics and timely surgical intervention. We present such a case in a 40 yr old diabetic female

Sister mary joseph nodule as a clinical sign in a case of advanced gastric carcinoma

Sister Mary joseph nodule as a cutaneous marker of gastrointestinal and pelvic malignancies almost always implies advanced stage of malignancy with poor survival rates and palliative care as the only treatment modality in majority of cases

AGENESIS OF GALL BLADDER: A CLINICORADIOLOGICAL DILEMMA

Agenesis of gall bladder is a rare congenital biliary abnormality which is rarely diagnosed preoperatively. Most of these patients present with typical symptomatology of gallstone disease which adds to the diagnostic confusion. Its clinical significance lies in the fact that this clinical entity should always be considered in patients with contracted gall bladders with stones both preoperatively as well as intraoperatively to avoid surgical catastrophes. Here we present such a case in a young male who was diagnosed to have this clinical entity only intraoperativel

A study of correlation of antinuclear antibody immunofluorescence patterns with immune profile using line immunoassay in a tertiary care centre of western Uttar Pradesh

Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) such as systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, Sjogren’s syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis are systemic diseases which are often associated with a challenge in diagnosis. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are autoantibodies that are reactive with antigens in the nucleoplasm. The presence of ANA indicates the possibility of autoimmunity and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay on Hep-2 cells and primate liver is the standard blood test to detect ANA. Our aim of this study is to understand a definite association between ANA patterns and specific antibodies by line immunoassay in the serum of the patients. A total of 360 serum samples from patient attending in the OPD and IPD clinics of the C.S.S.H., Subharti Medical College, Meerut were processed by biochip method. The serum samples which were found positive were confirmed by line immunoassay. In our study 68/360 (18.9%) cases were found to be positive by IIF method in a 1:100 dilution. The positive cases were further confirmed by ANA Profile method. Out of 68 samples positive by ANA-IIF tests, 62 samples gave concordant result with line immunoassay. ANA by IIF method therefore may be used as a cost effective and rapid screening method for patients with criterion for autoimmune diseases in daily clinical practice. These correlations are useful for the diagnosis of a specific rheumatic disease