OPTIMIZING ROUTE LEAK FROM EVPN TO IP-VPN FOR SINGLE ACTIVE USE CASES

Optimizing the process by which host routes are leaked to an Internet Protocol (IP) virtual private network (VPN) unicast is of singular importance in a large network environment. To address this type of challenge, techniques are presented herein that support a dynamic means for limiting the host advertisements in a network where hosts are announced only on an as-needed basis. In effect, aspects of the presented techniques optimize what is leaked and optimize the total number of routes in a spine

INBAND MULTICAST FAULT DETECTION TO REDUCE SERVICE COST

Techniques herein define a simple, but very useful, extension to hop-by-hop signaling that can be utilized to determine a failed node in a network, which may help to reduce fault detection time. In one instance, techniques described herein may involve multicast Label Distribution Protocol (mLDP)-based signaling, however, other replication technologies that involve underlay signaling may be utilized in accordance with techniques described herein

MULTICAST VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK PER-FLOW MONITORING FOR AN AGGREGATED TUNNEL IN A MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING CORE

Typically, when a service provider carries customer multicast traffic over a core network, it is often carried over a tunnel, which are often aggregated. There are many reasons for aggregated tunnel use, such as issues of scale and/or hardware limitations. While aggregated tunnels can be useful for carrying multicast traffic, it can be difficult to monitor network health when tunnels are aggregated. Techniques of this proposal provide for the ability to monitor network health by supporting per-flow counters for aggregated tunnels for both Internet Protocol (IP) version 4 and version 6 (IPv4/IPv6) traffic in a manner that is scalable and can be provided on-demand

Type A4 truncus arteriosus: series of 3 cases focused on dual source multidetector CT angiogram findings

Truncus arteriosus (TA) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly caused by failure of normal conotruncal septation during the fetal development. This aberration leads to a common ventricular outflow artery over the malaligned large ventricular septal defect (VSD), supplying systemic, coronary and pulmonary circulation. People with such anomalous anatomy show variable presentation from early childhood to adult life depending on the severity of defects. We here present three cases of truncus arteriosus with aortic interruption / hypoplasia-coarctation (type A4 truncus arteriosus) with focus on relevant dual source MDCTA findings

EVPN MULTI-HOMING EXTENSION TO AVOID DUPLICATE TRAFFIC ON LAN

Mechanisms are provided to ensure the Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) Assert mechanism works in the presence of Ethernet Virtual Private Networking (EVPN) multi-homing in a network. A mechanism synchronizes PIM Assert information across multi-home peers, processes the PIM assert received via EVPN routes, and generates a PIM Assert based on the PIM assert received over EVPN. In addition, a mechanism is provided for deterministic PIM Designated Router (DR) election between multi-homed and non-multi-homed peers in a local area network (LAN). PIM Hellos are synchronized to have the same list of neighbors across multi-home peers. A procedure is provided to have DR election in case one of the EVPN multi-home peer is eligible to be PIM DR

Association between inflammatory potential of diet and risk of depression in middle-aged women: the Australian longitudinal study on women's health

Dietary factors and inflammation markers have been shown to play a role in the development of depression. However, there are very few studies that have explored the association between inflammatory potential of diet and risk of depression. In this study, we examined the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII), which was developed specifically to measure the inflammatory potential of diet, and risk of depression in the middle-aged cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. A total of 6438 women with a mean age of 52·0 (sd 1·4) years at baseline were followed-up at five surveys over 12 years (2001-2013). Depression was defined as a score of ≥10 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression-10 scale. The DII score, a literature-derived, population-based dietary index that has been validated against several inflammatory markers, was computed on the basis of dietary intake assessed using a validated FFQ. Generalised estimating equations were used to estimate relative risk (RR) of depression according to DII score. Models were adjusted for energy intake, highest education completed, marital status, menopause status and symptoms, personal illness or injury, smoking status, physical activity, BMI and depression diagnosis or treatment. In total, 1156 women (18 %) had scores≥10 on the CESD scale over the course of 9 years. Women with the most anti-inflammatory diet had an approximately 20 % lower risk of developing depression compared with women with the most pro-inflammatory diet (RRDII quartile 1 v. 4: 0·81; 95 % CI 0·69, 0·96; P trend=0·03). These results suggest that an anti-inflammatory diet is associated with lower risk of depression in middle-aged Australian women