48 research outputs found
Fabrication of a Au/Si nanocomposite structure by nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation
A gold/silicon nanocomposite structure (NCS) was formed on a Si(100) surface by nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation. The Au/Si NCS contained both Au nanoparticles (NPs) and Au-Si alloy layers. We report that the use of laser irradiation to form Au NPs comprises two competing processes: a top-down effect involving decomposition into smaller NPs and a bottom-up effect involving self-assembly or self-organization into larger NPs. The formation of the periodic structure involved self-organization, i.e., the bottom-up effect, and was observed in situ using a pulsed-laser-equipped high-voltage electron microscope. The NCS formed by laser irradiation can be controlled by adjusting the laser energy density and the number of laser pulses
Determining factors of game performance in the 2001 world water polo championships
Analyse de la structure de la performance en compétition internationale de water polo par observation statistique de la tactique et de la technique de 216 équipe