A prospective study on the effect of topical lidocaine gel versus drops on ocular pain in manual small incision cataract surgery

Background: Cataract is globally acknowledged leading cause of blindness. This study was undertaken to compare the effects of Lidocaine 4% drops with 2% gel on intra operative and post-operative pain in patients who underwent manual small incision cataract surgery.Methods: It was a single Centre, one-surgeon, prospective, comparison study. Patients enrolled for surgeries were divided into Group A: Lidocaine 4% drops 1 ml was instilled in the conjunctival sac 5 minutes before surgery and Group B: Lidocaine 2% gel 2ml was applied. Endpoints evaluated were ocular pain of patient during and after surgery.Results: A total of 60 patients underwent MSICS, out of which 30 each received drops and gel. Mean intraoperative pain VAS score was 2.26±0.69 for gel group and 5.13±1.13 for drops group (p*<0.001) Mean post-operative pain VAS score was 0.26±0.69 in gel group and 1.13±1.13 in drops group (p*=0.002).Conclusions: Compared to drops, Lidocaine gel has reduced intraoperative and post-operative pain

A study on the effect of topical lidocaine gel versus drops on surgeon’s comfort during manual small incision cataract surgery

Background: Cataract is a frequent surgical procedure performed worldwide. The study compared lidocaine 4% drops with 2% gel on surgeon’s comfort, need for supplemental anaesthesia and duration of surgery in patients who underwent manual small incision cataract surgery.Methods: This was a Prospective, Comparison study conducted at a Single centre by multiple surgeons. Patients enrolled for surgeries were divided into Group A: Lidocaine 4% drops 1ml was instilled in the conjunctival sac 5 minutes before surgery and Group B: Lidocaine 2% gel 2ml was applied. Endpoints evaluated were surgeon’s comfort, need for supplemental anesthesia and duration of surgery.Results: The mean duration of surgery for gel was 20±8 minutes as compared to 29±6 minutes with drops (p*- value<0.001). 26 (87%) patients in gel did not require any supplemental anesthesia as compared to 3 (10%) patients in drops. Peribulbar supplementation was required for 20 (67%) patients in drops as compared to 1 (3%) patient in gel (p*- value<0.001). 26 (87%) patients in gel were operated comfortably by the surgeon as compared to 2 (6%) patients in drops. Mild to Moderate discomfort was experienced by the surgeon in operating 27 (90%) patients in drops as compared to 3(10%) patients in gel (p*- value<0.001).Conclusions: The surgeons were more comfortable using gel with least requirement of supplemental anaesthesia and faster completion compared to drops

Anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery from the arch of the aorta: review of the literature and a case report

The present report describes an anomalous case of the left vertebral artery arising from the aortic arch between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery in a male cadaver during dissection in an anatomical laboratory. Aortic origin of the vertebral artery is a rare anatomic variant. Detailed knowledge of anomalous origin is important for patients who undergo four-vessel angiography. Normally, the vertebral artery arises from the first part of the subclavian artery on both sides. We also review the anomalous origin of the vertebral artery in the literature and discuss its clinical significance. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 4: 258-260

Green HRM Practices and the Factors Forcing it: A Study on Health Care Entities in Chennai

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Global Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices on the efficiency of healthcare organizations in the Chennai area. It aims to understand how GHRM can contribute to the success of these organizations, despite potential conflicts with their core values. &nbsp; Design/Methodology/Approach: The study employs a research methodology that focuses on healthcare organizations within the Chennai area. It employs a comprehensive approach to analyze the implementation of GHRM practices in this specific context. The research design allows for an in-depth exploration of how GHRM practices influence the efficiency of these organizations. &nbsp; Findings: The findings of this study reveal that GHRM practices have a substantial impact on the efficiency of healthcare businesses in Chennai. Despite potential conflicts with their core values, these organizations benefit from the advanced HRM strategies associated with GHRM. The study uncovers valuable insights into the role of GHRM in the healthcare industry. &nbsp; Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: This research has implications for both research and practice. It provides valuable insights for academics and researchers studying the impact of HRM practices on different industries, especially in contexts where traditional values may be challenged. Additionally, it offers practical guidance for healthcare organizations in Chennai and beyond, demonstrating the potential benefits of adopting GHRM practices. On a broader social scale, the study underscores the adaptability and relevance of GHRM in diverse sectors. &nbsp; Originality/Value: The originality and value of this study lie in its specific focus on healthcare organizations in Chennai and their adoption of GHRM practices. By examining a niche sector within a specific geographic region, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the applicability and benefits of GHRM. It adds to the body of knowledge by highlighting the adaptability of GHRM practices, even in industries with established core values, and underscores the potential for organizational success through strategic HR management

Mathematical perspectives on theoretical physics: a journey from black holes to superstrings

Includes bibliographical references and index

Differential geometry : an integrated approach

xvi, 414 p.; 23 cm

Dark matter, neutrinos, and our solar system

Dark Matter, Neutrinos, and Our Solar System is a unique enterprise that should be viewed as an important contribution to our understanding of dark matter, neutrinos and the solar system. It describes these issues in terms of links, between cosmology, particle and nuclear physics, as well as between cosmology, atmospheric and terrestrial physics. It studies the constituents of dark matter (classified as hot warm and cold) first in terms of their individual structures (baryonic and non-baryonic, massive and non-massive, interacting and non-interacting) and second, in terms of facilities available to detect these structures (large and small). Neutrinos (an important component of dark matter) are treated as a separate entity. A detailed study of these elusive (sub-atomic) particles is done, from the year 1913 when they were found as byproducts of beta decay -- until the discovery in 2007 which confirmed that neutrino flavors were not more than three (as speculated by some). The last chapter of the book details the real-time stories about the regions that were not explored thus far, for lack of advanced technology. Their untold fascinating stories (which span up to 2010) are illustrated here datewise in full. The book concludes with the latest news that the Large Hadron Collider team at CERN has finally succeeded in producing 7 trillion electronic Volts of energy by creating head-on-collisions of protons and more protons (in search of God-particle). The energy produced was three times more than previous records.Dark Matter, Neutrinos, and Our Solar System is a unique enterprise that should be viewed as an important contribution to our understanding of dark matter, neutrons and the solar system. It describes these issues in terms of links, between cosmology, particle and nuclear physics, as well as between cosmology, atmospheric and terrestrial physics. It studies the constituents of dark matter (classified as hot warm and cold) first in terms of their individual structures (baryonic and non-baryonic, massive and non-massive, interacting and non-interacting) and second, in terms of facilities availab