Tanggap Tanaman Kedelai terhadap Inokulasi Rhizobium dan Asam Indol Asetat (IAA) pada Ultisol Darmaga

Some of rhizobacteria have been known to stimulate the growth of some crops through their fitohormon (IAA = indole acetic acid). Those rhizobacteria can stimulate the development of epidermis cells formation at root hair site and increase the infection sites to increase the nodulation and N2 fixation. The aims of this study were to study the effect of Rhizobium strains inoculation and indole acetic acid (IAA) application on crop growth, root nodulation. and N, P uptake of soybean on the Ultisols. The greenhouse experiment used Completely Randomize Design (CRD) with four replications. The treatments were: I) Without inoculation (blank), 2) 100 ppm N application, 3) 0.4 ppm IAA application, 4) Inoculation of Rhizobium 1004 (106), 5) Inoculation of Rhizobium 1004 (I05) + IAA, 6) Inoculation of Rhizobium RD-20 (104), 7) Inoculation of Rhizobium RD-20 (106), 8) Inoculation of Rhizobium SNI-2 (106). 9) Inoculation of Rhizobium SNI-2 106 + IAA. Result of the experiment indicated that inoculation of Rhizobium and IAA application increased crop growth, nodulation, and nutrient uptake of soybean. Inoculation of Rhizobium I004(106). RD-20(104)R, D-20(I06),S NI-2(I06), and IAA 0.4 ppm increased dry weight of crop by 33.5%,37.8,17.3%,35.1%,and 3.8% respectively compared to blank. Application of IAA at Rhizobium inoculation treatment of SNI-2(106) and 1004(106i)n creased dry nodule weight on soybean 40.9%, and 55.7 % respectively compared to without IAA application

Tanggap Tanaman Kedelai terhadap Inokulasi Rhizobium dan Asam Indol Asetat (IAA) pada Ultisol Darmaga

Some of rhizobacteria have been known to stimulate the growth of some crops through their fitohormon (IAA = indole acetic acid). Those rhizobacteria can stimulate the development of epidermis cells formation at root hair  site and increase the infection sites to increase the nodulation and N2 fixation. The aims of this study were to study the effect of Rhizobium strains inoculation and indole acetic acid (IAA) application on crop growth, root nodulation. and N, P uptake of soybean on the Ultisols. The greenhouse experiment used Completely Randomize Design (CRD) with four replications. The treatments were: I) Without inoculation (blank), 2) 100 ppm N application, 3) 0.4 ppm IAA application, 4) Inoculation of Rhizobium 1004 (106), 5) Inoculation of Rhizobium 1004 (I05) + IAA, 6) Inoculation of  Rhizobium RD-20 (104), 7) Inoculation of Rhizobium RD-20 (106), 8) Inoculation of Rhizobium SNI-2 (106). 9) Inoculation of Rhizobium SNI-2 106 + IAA. Result of the experiment indicated that inoculation of Rhizobium and IAA application increased crop growth, nodulation, and nutrient uptake of soybean. Inoculation of Rhizobium I004(106). RD-20(104)R, D-20(I06),S NI-2(I06), and IAA 0.4 ppm increased dry weight of crop by 33.5%,37.8,17.3%,35.1%,and 3.8% respectively compared to blank. Application of IAA at Rhizobium inoculation treatment of SNI-2(106) and 1004(106i)n creased dry nodule weight on soybean 40.9%, and 55.7 % respectively compared to without IAA application

Pengaruh Motivasi dan Kompetensi terhadap Kinerja Guru SMP Negeri 18 Pekanbaru

This study was conducted to determine how much influence the motivation and competence of the teachers performance of SMP Negeri 18 Pekanbaru. The population in this study were all full-time teacher at SMP Negeri 18 Pekanbaru. Sampling the authors use census methods and data analysis using multiple linear regression method. Based on the results of the study found that by testing simultaneously, variable motivation/ X1 and competency/ X2 si,ultaneously hae a significant impact on teacher performance SMP Negeri 18 Pekanbaru (Y). Testing of partially known variables of motivation/ X1 t-test value is 13,451 and variable competence/ X2 value is 8,385 t-test with a significance level of 0,000 is smaller than the 5 % level of confidence. This value is grater than t-table is 1,99. Can be concluded that the motivation variable/ X1 and competency/ X2 significantly affect the performance of SMP Negeri 18 Pekanbaru teacher (Y). Based on the above results it is known that the variables that most influence the performance of teachers of SMP Negeri 18 Pekanbaru is the motivation/ X1 Because it has the larget t valueKeywords: Motivation, Competence Teacher and performanc

A farmer data-driven approach for prioritization of agricultural research and development: A case study for intensive crop systems in the humid tropics

Context: Intensive rice-maize sequences in Southeast Asia can include up to three crop cycles per year. Indonesia is the third and fifth largest rice and maize producing country worldwide, and domestic demand for both crops will increase in the future. Novel, cost-effective and less time-consuming approaches are needed to identify causes of yield gap at national level. Objectives: Here, we propose a farmer data-driven approach to prioritize investment in agricultural research and development (AR&D) programs. Methods: We collected data on yield, management practices, and socioeconomic variables from 1,147 smallholders’ fields in intensive rice and maize cropping systems, from 2017 to 2018, across ten provinces in Indonesia, which include a wide range of landscape positions (upland, lowland, tidal), water regimes (irrigated and rainfed), and cropping intensities (from single to three cycles per year on the same piece of land). Separate data were available for each rice and maize cycle included in the annual crop sequence. We used conditional inference trees, random forest regression, and comparisons among high- versus low-yield fields to identify key agronomic and socioeconomic factors explaining yield variation. Results: For a given field and crop species, there was a significant positive correlation between yield in one season and that in subsequent seasons. In contrast, there was poor correlation between rice and maize yields in cropping systems including both crops. Socio-economic factors such as years of farming experience and access to extension services and inputs explain variation in average yield gap across provinces. In turn, agronomic factors such as nutrient input rates, splits and timing, establishment date, and pest control, explained yield gaps in farmer fields. Overall, these findings were not consistent with expectations from local researchers about on-farm yield constraints. Conclusions: Our study shows that a modest investment to gather farmer survey data, together with robust spatial frameworks to guide data collection, proper statistical methods to analyze the data, and crop modeling to estimate yield potential, can help identify yield constraints for areas representing millions of hectares of rice and maize. Significance: Our study provides useful information for guiding investments in AR&D programs at national and sub-national level for improving crop production by closing current yield gaps.Fil: Rizzo, Gonzalo. Universidad de Nebraska - Lincoln; Estados UnidosFil: Agus, Fahmuddin. Badan Riset Dan Inovasi Nasional; IndonesiaFil: Batubara, Siti Fatimah. Badan Riset Dan Inovasi Nasional; IndonesiaFil: Andrade, José Francisco. Universidad de Nebraska - Lincoln; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Rattalino Edreira, Juan Ignacio. Universidad de Nebraska - Lincoln; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Purwantomo, Dwi K.G.. Indonesian Agency For Agricultural Research And Development; IndonesiaFil: Anasiru, Rahmat Hanif. Indonesian Agricultural Engineering Polytechnic; IndonesiaFil: Maintang, null. Agency For Agricultural Instrument Standardization; IndonesiaFil: Marbun, Oswald. Agency For Agricultural Instrument Standardization; IndonesiaFil: Ningsih, Rina D.. Badan Riset Dan Inovasi Nasional; IndonesiaFil: Syahri, null. Badan Riset Dan Inovasi Nasional; IndonesiaFil: Ratna, Baiq S.. Agency For Agricultural Instrument Standardization; IndonesiaFil: Yulianti, Via. Agency For Agricultural Instrument Standardization; IndonesiaFil: Istiqomah, Nurul. Badan Riset Dan Inovasi Nasional; IndonesiaFil: Aristya, Vina Eka. Badan Riset Dan Inovasi Nasional; IndonesiaFil: Howard, Réka. Universidad de Nebraska - Lincoln; Estados UnidosFil: Cassman, Kenneth G.. Universidad de Nebraska - Lincoln; Estados UnidosFil: Grassini, Patricio. Universidad de Nebraska - Lincoln; Estados Unido