Moderators of job-search intensity, self-esteem and career decision-making.

This study examined the relationship and differences between job-search intensity, self-esteem and career decision-making self-efficacy among students. The moderators variables studied in this research were gender, academic performance and academic programs. Quantitative method used was correlation research. The data were collected from a self-reported questionnaire to 304 graduating students of a public university in Malaysia. Participants were recruited using cluster sampling procedure, also known as multistage sampling. The statistical tests used to analyzed the data were Pearson correlation (r) at 0.01 significant level, t-test and ANOVA at the 0.05 significant level. The finding showed that there are a significant relationship between job-search intensity, self-esteem and career decision-making self-efficacy. The results also show that gender had significant influenced for self-esteem and career decision making self-efficacy. Academic performance (CGPA) influenced job-search intensity and academic programs (faculty) also influenced job-search intensity, self-esteem and career decision-making self-efficacy. The implications for students' developments and career development centre are discussed

Domestic Violence Subjected to Legal and Cultural Pressure

A society based on patriarchal structure brings lots of discriminations against females in family and society, so different violent relationships appear mainly targeting women as the victims. The domestic violence imposed by the partner of the woman tortures her verbally and physically, captures her to live in a suffering environment or enforces her to leave the original city/country and accepts the condition of being a refugee with all of its risks. In order to reduce the immigration troubles, it is important to consider the origins of violence causing these conditions. There are different sources of domestic violence including cultural, social and legal factors. In this study, three important factors are considered as early-child marriage, gender inequality and insufficient legal and protective systems. In child marriage, the girl undergoes a marital status under her father’s pressure. Gender inequalities increase the rate of violence against women, because they have lower financial, educational and social positions and have to be more dependent on their partners. On the other hand, insufficient protective systems constrain women providing conditions to develop domestic violence. Conducting interview sessions with victims of violence, the abovementioned cases are considered and the data analyzed using a qualitative approach. The output of this study helps counselors in healing process of the victims, highlights the necessity of improving skills for controlling violence and notices the importance of modification of supportive legal systems to prevent committing violence against women. So people are encouraged to make a free-violence society based on human value

The relationship between self-esteem, job-search intensity and career decision-making among final year students: An application of structural equation modeling.

This study aimed to ezamined the relationship among self-esteem, job-search intensity and career decision-making of final year students. The probabilities are used to terst whether there are any influences exist in there aspects namely, self-esteem over career decision-making self-efficacy, job-search intensity over career decision-making self-efficacy, and self-esteem over job-search intensity. The instruments used were a demographic information sheet, the rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Job-Search Intensity Scale, and Career Decision-making self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form. Participants were recruited using a cluster sampling procedure. Data were collected from a self-reported questionnaire administered to 678 final year students of a public university in Malaysia.The statistical tests used to analyze the data were Structural Equation modeling using AMOS 16. Findings showed that tere were significant relationships between self-esteem and career decision-making self-efficacy, and a significant relationship between job-search intensity and career decision-making self-efficacy. The implications for students' developments and career development centre are also discussed

Domestic violence subjected to different patterns of cultural marriage

Violence against women and girls and its legal, social, psychological and related issues are not a new topic in social science. However, it has attracted a significant amount of attention from many researchers and still needs further investigation. Among different sources provoking violence against females such as gender inequality, insufficient protective legal systems, cultural pressure and etc., different marital patterns have been reported by the informants of this research. Child marriage, consanguineous marriage and unregistered/white marriage put girls and women in a vulnerable position. For example, under the pressure of abusive behavior in family, females escape from patriarchal family, leave their city/country and live as a refugee. In more severe cases, they attempt suicide under the pressure of pain and suffering. In comparison with developed countries where the human rights of the female are well-established and such marital patterns are not seen, these types of martial patterns are reported in patriarchal societies. Therefore, this study introduces these patterns and describes their effects on provoking the domestic violence. Through interview sessions with victims of domestic violence, a qualitative methodology was used to gain in-depth information. To avoid or reduce the financial, emotional and physical costs of domestic violence, it is necessary that counselors, health care provider systems, society and authorities prioritize prevention methods and intervention programs to improve the cultural level of the society and to encourage people toward developing a violence-free societ