Computing and approximating multivariate chi-square probabilities

We consider computational methods for evaluating and approximating multivariate chi-square probabilities in cases where the pertaining correlation matrix or blocks thereof have a low-factorial representation. To this end, techniques from matrix factorization and probability theory are applied. We outline a variety of statistical applications of multivariate chi-square distributions and provide a system of MATLAB programs implementing the proposed algorithms. Computer simulations demonstrate the accuracy and the computational efficiency of our methods in comparison with Monte Carlo approximations, and a real data example from statistical genetics illustrates their usage in practice

Computing and approximating multivariate chi-square probabilities

We consider computational methods for evaluating and approximating multivariate chi-square probabilities in cases where the pertaining correlation matrix or blocks thereof have a low-factorial representation. To this end, techniques from matrix factorization and probability theory are applied. We outline a variety of statistical applications of multivariate chi-square distributions and provide a system of MATLAB programs implementing the proposed algorithms. Computer simulations demonstrate the accuracy and the computational efficiency of our methods in comparison with Monte Carlo approximations, and a real data example from statistical genetics illustrates their usage in practice

The role of online social networks in the wellbeing of highly skilled migrants: a case-study of an online forum for Russian-speaking migrants in the UK

This study aims to investigate the role of online social networks in highly skilled migrants’ wellbeing. The research focused on Russian-speaking migrants in the UK. It was designed around a case study of a Russian-speaking online forum for migrants in the UK. The literature on migration, wellbeing, integration, social networks and social media were researched to establish a conceptual framework and position the study within a larger field of research. A mixed-methods approach was used, employing literature review and primary research to collect and analyse data from an online forum scrape and an online survey. The forum was scraped for a period of 12 months and analysed using social networks and statistical analysis in R. An online survey was administered via social media and analysed using statistical analysis in SPSS. Ethical issues regarding online social media data research have been considered and addressed. The findings suggest that there is no direct link between online networks and migrants’ life satisfaction. However, there is evidence that online networks play a role in wellbeing through links with integration and social support. Online networks contribute to integration through providing information support to improve migrants’ knowledge of host communities; and emotional/affirmation support to affirm their socio-cultural identities. The findings revealed that migrants with links to the host country reported higher levels of wellbeing, whereas migrants with stronger links to the home country reported lower levels of wellbeing. These results indicate that migrants’ wellbeing and integration is strongly linked to developing bridging social capital in the host country. Online social networks can be instrumental in this. The study will contribute to knowledge on migration, online networks, social support and the ethics of online research. It will inform academics, practitioners and the wider public on the role of migrants’ social networks in their wellbeing

Modeling the innovative component of sustainable development of oil and gas enterprises. The case of PJSC ROSNEFT

PJSC ROSNEFT is a member of the UN Global Compact since 2010 and supports the UN Sustainable Development Goals. In the Strategies-2022 (2030), important directions are recorded in which PJSC ROSNEFT will develop. A significant place in them is given to innovative development as an important component of sustainable development. The corporation set a new record in Russia for oil production in 2019 thanks to these developments – 560.3 million tons – and did not go broke in 2020. In our work, we will conduct a study of the innovative component of the corporation's sustainable development in 2004-2020. To this end, the materials of annual and consolidated reports, programs of sustainable and innovative development for 2004-2020 were studied. The Eviews10 econometrics software was used to carry out econometric modeling. The work shows that the obtained linear model is adequate and can be used for predictive calculations for the short term. The exponential model turned out to be inadequate for calculations. The article notes that epidemics, oil and gas wars, geopolitical contradictions have significantly reduced the rate of economic growth of PJSC ROSNEFT. The corporation will have to adjust its sustainable and innovative development programs to reduce costs, stop falling income and return to the previous level of development

Human Capital in the Strategic Development of the Transport System of Russia. The Case of JSC Russian Railways

The transport system plays a significant part in the modern life. Tasks that arise in various sectors of the national economy can be solved quickly and efficiently thanks to well-functioning logistics. One of the largest transport companies in the world is JSC Russian Railways (JSC RZD), Russia. According to the results of 2019, the company ranked first in the world in terms of freight turnover (2.6 trillion tonne-kilometres), third in terms of cargo carriage volume (1.3 billion tons) and the miles open (85.6 thousand km), fourth in terms of passenger turnover (134.5 billion passenger-kilometres). It is obvious that such high indicators of the company were achieved thanks to a modern scientific and technical base, design and construction capacities, international cooperation, and, most importantly, highly qualified specialists at all levels. Positive human capital (HC) significantly affects the efficient use of all types of resources of the company, determines the competitiveness and the company value, its leadership in sustainable development. Therefore, the study of the human factor in the development of the transport system in Russia is relevant. The study was carried out using the annual reports of JSC Russian Railways from 2002 to 2019. The econometric (linear and exponential) models were built on the basis of statistical data. The linear model has been proven to provide more accurate predictions

Computing and approximating multivariate chi-square probabilities

We consider computational methods for evaluating and approximating multivariate chi-square probabilities in cases where the pertaining correlation matrix or blocks thereof have a low factorial representation. To this end, techniques from matrix factorization and probability theory are applied. We outline a variety of statistical applications of multivariate chi-square distributions and provide a system of MATLAB programs implementing the proposed algorithms. Computer simulations demonstrate the accuracy and the computational efficiency of our methods in comparison with Monte Carlo approximations, and a real data example from statistical genetics illustrates their usage in practice

Исследование экологической устойчивости предприятий нефтегазового сектора российской экономики

In 2015, the UN Member States took 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Innovative development and environmental protection played a significant role in them. The solution to this problem directly depends on the environmental programs adopted at the state level, competent management, development of environmental innovations and their introduction. This article considers how sustainable development programs at the oil and gas enterprises are implemented to preserve the environment on the example of PJSC Gazprom. PJSC Gazprom, following the principles of sustainable development, combines economic growth and environment preservation. In 1995, PJSC Gazprom adopted an ecological program and gradually solves the environmental problems of the corporation, country and the world. Therefore, the study of some indicators of oil and gas enterprises affecting Russian environmental ecology, on the example of Gazprom Corporation, is relevant. The proceedings of Russian and foreign scientists were analyzed; UNDP’s annual and environmental reports for 2018-2022 were studied; leading Russian oil and gas companies for 2009-2021 and their environmental activities were analyzed to conduct the study. The calculations were carried out using Rosstat (2009-2021), World Bank (2009-2021), PJSC Gazprom (2009-2021). The regression analysis and econometric modeling were carried out through MS Excel and Eviews 12. The linear and exponential models of the innovative component in the environmental protection system were built and studied. It was proved the linear model can be used to build short-term forecasts, while the exponential model turned out to be untenable. PJSC Gazprom invested 658,284 billion rubles in environmental protection and rational use of natural resources, 139,1 billion rubles in RD from 2009 to 2021. In 2021, PJSC Gazprom fulfilled all of its innovative and environmental objectives and approved Environmental Program until 2024 with an outlook for 2030. The company’s contribution to the implementation of the UN sustainable development goals and objectives amounted to 89,9 %.В 2015 г. государствами - членами ООН были приняты 17 Целей устойчивого развития. Значительная роль в них отводилась инновационному развитию и защите окружающей среды. Решение данной проблемы напрямую зависит от экологических программ, принятых на государственном уровне, грамотного менеджмента, развития экологических инноваций и их внедрения. Рассмотрено, как реализуются программы устойчивого развития на предприятиях нефтегазового сектора в области сохранения окружающей среды на примере PJSC Gazprom. PJSC Gazprom, следуя принципам устойчивого развития, в своей деятельности стремится к экономическому росту наряду с сохранением окружающей среды. В 1995 г. PJSC Gazprom принял экологическую программу и постепенно решает экологические проблемы корпорации, страны и мира в целом. Поэтому исследование некоторых показателей предприятий нефтегазового сектора, влияющих на экологию России, на примере корпорации Газпром актуально. Для проведения исследования были проанализированы труды российских и иностранных ученых, изучены годовые и экологические отчеты UNDP за 2018-2022 гг., ведущих российских нефтегазовых компаний за 2009-2021 гг., проанализирована их экологическая деятельность. Расчеты проводились по данным Rosstat (2009-2021), WorldBank (2009-2021), PJSC Gazprom (2009-2021). Регрессионный анализ и эконометрическое моделирование проведено с помощью пакетов прикладных программ MS Excel и Eviews-12. Были построены и исследованы линейная и экспоненциальная модели инновационной составляющей в системе охраны окружающей среды. Доказано, что линейную модель можно использовать для построения краткосрочных прогнозов, экспоненциальная же модель оказалась несостоятельной. За период с 2009 по 2021 г. ПАО «Газпром» инвестировало в охрану окружающей среды и рациональное использование природных ресурсов 658 284 млрд р., в НИОКР - 139,1 млрд р. В 2021 г. ПАО «Газпром» выполнило все свои инновационные и экологические задачи и утвердило экологическую программу развития до 2024 г. с перспективой на 2030 г. Вклад компании в реализацию целей и задач устойчивого развития ООН составил 89,9 %

Technology transfer of the military-industrial complex as a factor in increasing the science intensity of the civilian industry

The high innovation potential of the Russian military-industrial complex can become a source of technology for the civilian industry. In the context of the diversification of the military-industrial complex, the development of an effective technology transfer can become one of the key elements in building a competitive Russian economy. The article contains a diagram of the mechanism for the innovative technology development and transfer between the military and civilian sectors. On the basis of this method, it is possible to build effective schemes for technology transfer and exchange and joint work of the military and civilian industries. The emergence of a technology broker, as an intermediary between the military-industrial and civilian complexes, will accelerate the development of active information and scientific exchange between these sectors, will make it possible to bring technologies to its implementation faster, and industries become more knowledge-intensive. Integration of the military and civilian sectors will help to reduce the technological gap within the country, lagging behind the world level

High-Tech industry budget assessment and planning model

In the conditions of a constant budget deficit allocated to the research and manufacturing complex, the problem of value for money take on particular significance. The solution to this problem largely depends on the scientific validity of planning budget expenditures for innovative development and, first of all, on the optimality of the plans being developed in the context of crises, pandemics or sanctions. In this connection, the article analyzes modern research and manufacturing complex development processes under fiscal stress. As a result, economic and mathematical tools based on the analytic hierarchy process will be scientifically substantiated and developed. This method is designed to build a model that allows to quantify and efficiently distribute funds allocated by the State. This is necessary for the formation of that part of the budget item, which refers to the innovative development of knowledge-based industry