Microflora of drinking water distributed through decentralized supply systems (Tomsk)

The paper considers microbiological quality of waters from decentralized water supply systems in Tomsk. It has been proved that there are numerous microbial contaminants of different types. The authors claim that the water distributed through decentralized supply systems is not safe to drink without preliminary treatment

Groundwater microflora of the Aptian-Cenomanian deposits at the Igolsko-Talovoe field in Tomsk Region

The authors have studied the microbiological composition of the groundwater of the Aptian-Cenomanian deposits in the territory of the Igolsko-Talovoe field in Tomsk Region. The detected diversity of the physiological groups of bacteria can be a corrosive component for waters used in the reservoir pressure maintenance system. The research findings have allowed making conclusions about the need to study the contribution of all microorganisms inhabiting the waters of the Aptian-Cenomanian deposits to corrosion

Microbiological composition of river waters in the Ob' basin (West Siberia) and its associations with hydrochemical indices

Chemical and microbiological composition of the Mid-Ob' and its feeders' waters has been studied. Swampiness of the area is the cause of significant organic and biogenic substance content in streams, and it is also responsible for a large variety of organotrophic microflora. Microbiological composition of studied streams characterizes them as contaminated. Settlements are the main sources of the investigated area water pollution

Hydrogeological Conditions Changes of Tomsk, Russia

The hydro-geological conditions of Tomsk are determined by both natural factors and the impact of the urban infrastructure. Important impact on subsurface water flows involves the complex hydraulic relationship of several geological layers and the ancient and modern relief. Increasing groundwater abstraction has generally led to lowered piezometric heads in the deeper aquifer horizons, while in the uppermost horizons, rises in the water table and formation of new perched water tables are experienced due to leaking pipes and impedance of groundwater flow by deep foundations. In this paper special attention is paid to the Quaternary aquifer complex. Barrage effects of pile foundations and the intensive development of perched water distributed on flat surfaces of the watersheds and high terraces, complicated conditions for the construction and operation of facilities, leading in some cases to emergency situations

Groundwater chemical and microbiological composition in Aptian-Cenomanian deposits (Kaimisovsky oil-gas bearing province)

This paper reveals the investigation results of the groundwater chemical and microbiological composition in Aptian-Cenomanian deposits, Kaimisovsky oil-gas bearing province. The mineral-forming behavior of the groundwater was evaluated. It was determined that the diversity of microbial communities could be corrosive- harmful for the groundwater used in reservoir pressure maintenance systems. According to the research results it is necessary to study the groundwater microorganisms in Aptian-Cenomanian deposits and their influence on groundwater itself

Hydrogenous mineral neoformations in Tomsk water intake facility from underground sources

The article considers study outcomes of hydrogenous mineral neoformations precipitated on deferrization filters of Tomsk water intake facility from underground sources. Compositionally, these precipitations are colloform and polymineral including ferrous, carbonate and aluminosilicate mineral phases. Ferrous phase predominates and embraces ferric hydroxides (ferrihydrate, goethite, hematite and lepidocrocite) and ferrous hydrophosphates (vivianite, strengite, strunzite and rockbridgeit). Carbonate and aluminosilicate minerals are calcite and kaolinite-group, respectively

Chemical and microbiological composition of groundwaters of decentralized water supply of southern and central districts of Tomsk region

Relevance of the research is caused by the necessity of assessing the quality of drinking water, consumed by the population, in the conditions of decentralized water supply. The aim of research consists in studying chemical and microbiological composition of groundwater which is formed in a natural environment. Methods of research. Chemical and microbiological compositions of water were investigated in the Problem research hydrogeochemical laboratory (TPU), which is registered in the System of analytical laboratories of Gosstandart of Russia. To carry out the full chemical analysis the authors applied the traditional methods. The microbiological analysis was carried out after sampling, as a rule, during the day, while the samples were kept in the cooler bag. To identify the microorganisms the authors used liquid and firm elective nutrient mediums. The trace elements were determined by mass-spectrometer method with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS) on the device Elan 6000 (Perkin Elmer) in Geo assets and environment laboratory of Toulouse (CNRS, France). Results. The data of chemical and microbiological compositions of drinking groundwater of Quaternary, Neogene, Paleogene and Cretaceous sediments shown that water is epidemiologically safe (Escherichia coli is not detected), while they often are not suitable for drinking water supply by chemical composition on such components as Fe, Mn, COD, Si, NO2-, NH4+, trace elements - Ba, B and Li. Excess of these elements reflects natural background of the territory and they are typical of the whole region. The microbial flora reflects the geochemical environment, rich in organic matter, but poor in mineral substances

Microbiological conditions of chemical elements distribution on peat deposit depth in ecosystems of the Vasyugan swamp east part (Western Siberia)

Актуальность определяется необходимостью учета взаимосвязей между распределением химических элементов по глубине торфяной залежи, процессами формирования, эволюции и деградации болот при решении целого ряда фундаментальных и прикладных задач изучения, использования и охраны болот. Цель: оценка микробиологических условий распределения химических элементов по глубине торфяной залежи и выявление связей между геохимическими и микробиологическими показателями торфов в восточной части Васюганского болота. Методы: методы химического и микробиологического анализа (включая масс-спектрометрический с индуктивно связанной плазмой), статистические методы. Результаты и выводы. Выполнен химический, минералогический и микробиологических анализ проб торфов и минерального грунта, отобранных 09.11.2018 г. в восточной части Васюганского болота (граница водораздела рек ключ и Гавриловка – элементов речной сети: (Ключ–Бакчар; Гавриловка–Икса) – Чая–Обь; внутриболотные экосистемы: олиготрофный грядово-мочажинный комплекс, гряда; олиготрофное сосново-кустарничково-сфагнового болота – рям; мезотрофное сосново-кустарничковое болото на границе ряма с заболоченным лесом – мезотрофная окраина. Показано, что, во-первых, болотная микрофлора является очень важным фактором распределения химических элементов по глубине торфяной залежи в различных внутриболотных экосистемах восточной части Васюганского болота. Вероятность накопления в торфах малорастворимых соединений кальция, железа и редкоземельных элементов возрастает по мере усиления анаэробных условий развития болотной микрофлоры, определяющих увеличение рН болотной среды до 7,8 и выше, что приводит к смещению карбонатного равновесия и выпадению малорастворимых соединений кальция. Во-вторых, возможность выведения из раствора гидроксидов железа является характерной особенностью геохимии торфяных болот на фоне незначительной, но постоянно наблюдаемой активности железобактерий, образующих гидроксиды железа. В-третьих, вследствие сорбционных процессов на гидроокислах железа (и малорастворимых соединениях кальция в нижних слоях торфяной залежи) происходит осаждение гидроокислов, фосфатов и карбонатов (возможно – сульфатов и сульфидов) ряда микроэлементов, включая редкоземельные элементы.Relevance of the research is determined by the necessity to account the interrelations between distribution of chemical elements on peat deposit depth, formation, evolution and degradation of bogs when solving a number of fundamental and applied problems of study, use and protection of bogs. The aim of the research is the estimation of microbiological conditions of chemical elements distribution on peat deposit depth and revealing of relations between geochemical and microbiological parameters of peats in east part of the Vasyugan swamp. Methods: methods of chemical and microbiological analysis (including MS-ICP), statistical methods. Results and conclusions. The authors have carried out chemical, mineralogical and microbiological analysis of peats and mineral ground samples. The samples were selected on the 9 of November, 2018 in east part of the Vasyugan swamp (border of a watershed of the Klyuch and Gavrilovka rivers which are the elements of a river network («Klyuch-Bakchar; GavrilovkaIksa-Chaya-Ob»; intraswamp eco- logical systems: the oligotrophic hollow-ridge complex, a ridge; the oligotrophic pine-dwarf-shrub-sphagnum raised bog (ryam), the mesotrophic border of an oligotrophic bog). It is shown that, first, the swamp microflora is a very important factor of chemical elements distribution on peat deposit depth in various intraswamp ecosystems in east part of the Vasyugan swamp. The probability of accumulation insoluble compounds of calcium, iron and rare earth elements in peats grows in amplification of microflora development unaerobic conditions. These factors determine increase of рН up to 7,8 and higher, that results in displacement carbonate balance and loss of in- soluble calcium compounds. Second, the opportunity of iron hydroxides removing from a solution is the prominent feature of geochemistry of peat bogs on a background insignificant, but constantly observable activity of iron bacteria, which formed iron hydroxides. Thirdly, owing to sorption (and insoluble calcium compounds in the bottom layers of a peat deposit) hydrooxides, phosphates and carbonates (possibly sulfates and sulfides) of some microelements, including rare earth elements, are precipitated on iron hydrooxides

Conditions of transformation of municipal wastewater in bog ecosystems (on the example of Obskoe bog, Western Siberia)

Актуальность. Проблема охраны и использования болот является весьма актуальной во всем мире, в том числе в Западной Сибири, на территории которой добывается значительная часть углеводородного сырья в Российской Федерации, что сопровождается изменением окружающей среды, в том числе и болотных экосистем. В свою очередь, это определяет необходимость разработки методологии и технологий природоохранных мероприятий на болотах, подвергающихся антропогенному воздействию. В рамках такой методологии требуется достоверная оценка изменений состояния болотной экосистемы под влиянием поступления веществ антропогенного происхождения. Цель: анализ и обоснование условий трансформации коммунально-бытовых сточных вод в низинном болоте на примере типичного для Западной Сибири евтрофного Обского болота. Методы. Химический и микробиологический составы вод и торфов исследовались в Проблемной научно-исследовательской лаборатории гидрогеохимии (ТПУ), зарегистрированной в Системе аналитических лабораторий Госстандарта России. Для проведения полного химического анализа использовались традиционные методы. Микробиологический анализ производили после отбора проб, как правило, в течение суток. Доставка проб в лабораторию осуществлялась в сумке-холодильнике. Для выявления микроорганизмов использовали жидкие и твердые элективные питательные среды. Микрокомпонентный состав определялся при помощи масс-спектрометрического метода с индуктивно-связанной плазмой (ICP-MS). Структурно-групповой состав растворенных органических веществ изучался методом хромато-масс-спектрометрии в лаборатории разработки месторождений нефти и газа (ТПУ). Для изучения гидрогеохимических процессов применялись статистические методы и математическое моделирование. Результаты и выводы. Установлено, что болотные воды относительно ПДК характеризуются повышенными содержаниями органических веществ, продуктов их трансформации, а также некоторых химических элементов, с которыми органические вещества способны образовывать комплексы. Среди растворенных органических соединений в болотных водах доминируют сложные эфиры, карбоновые кислоты, которые способствуют не только накоплению некоторых элементов (Ni, Ba) в водах, но и развитию микроорганизмов. Показано, что накопление веществ, поступающих с коммунально-бытовыми сточными водами с. Мельниково, происходит в основном на границе деятельного и инертного горизонтов торфяной залежи. Показано, что сброс коммунально-бытовых сточных вод в болото (с. Мельниково) не приводит к существенному изменению химического состава болотных вод, а антропогенное воздействие лимитируется микробиологическими и геохимическими условиями в болоте. На основе полученных данных предложено скорректировать природоохранные мероприятия, ограничивающие рост заболоченности территорий за счет увеличения лесных угодий вследствие осушительных мелиораций и дополнительного внесения соединений азота и кальция, входящих в состав сточных вод жилищно-коммунального хозяйства и нефтегазодобывающего комплекса.Relevance. The issue of conservation and use of bogs is very urgent throughout the world, including Western Siberia, where a large part of hydrocarbon raw materials in the Russian Federation are extracted. It is accompanied by environmental changes, which concern bog ecosystems. This determines the relevance to develop a methodology and technology for environmental protection of bog ecosystems subjected to anthropogenic impact. For this methodology, a reliable assessment of changes in the bog ecosystem under the influence of the influx of substances of anthropogenic origin is required. The aim of the research is to analyze and interprete the conditions of municipal wastewater transformation in lowland bog on the example of typical Western Siberian eutrophic bog Obskoe. Methods. Chemical and microbiological composition of natural waters were analyzed in the Fundamental research laboratory of hydroge-ochemistry (TPU), which is registered in the System of analytical laboratories of Gosstandart of Russia. To carry out the comprehensive chemical analysis the authors applied the traditional methods. The microbiological analysis was carried out after sampling, basically during the day. The samples had been kept in the cooling bag until they were delivered to the laboratory. To identify the microorganisms the authors used liquid and firm elective nutrient mediums. The trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass-pectrometry (ICP-MS). The structural-group composition of dissolved organic matter was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Statistical methods and mathematical modeling were applied to study hydrogeochemical processes. Results and conclusions. It was found that the bog waters are characterized by high contents (relative to maximum permissible concentrations) of organic matters, products of their transformation, as well as some chemical elements, which are able to form complexes with organic matters. Among the dissolved organic compounds esters, carboxylic acids are dominated in the bog waters. They contribute not only to accumulation of certain elements (Ni, Ba) in the waters but to development of microorganisms as well. It was shown, that accumulation of the elements entering the bog waters from municipal wastewater of Melnikovo settlement takes place mainly on the boundary of active and inert horizons of the peat deposit. It was shown, that the discharge of municipal wastewater to the bog near Melnikovo settlement does not significantly change the chemical composition of the bog waters, and anthropogenic impact is limited by microbiological and geochemical conditions of the bog. Based on the data obtained, it was proposed to adjust environmental measures to limit the expansion of boggy areas by the increase in forest land due to drainage reclamation and the addition of nitrogen and calcium compounds that are part of municipal wastewater and wastewater of oil and gas industry