Pembuatan Pakan Konsentrat Berbasis Limbah Filtrasi Pengolahan Maltodekstrin (Kajian Prosentase Penambahan Ampas Tahu Dan Pollard)

PT Sorini Agro Asia Corporindo Tbk (PT SAAC) merupakan sebuah perusahaan yang memproduksi maltodekstrin. Maltodekstrin merupakan produk hidrolisis pati yang mengandung unit α-D-glukosa. Salah satu limbah yang dihasilkan oleh PT SAAC adalah limbah hasil proses filtrasi. Limbah hasil proses filtrasi pengolahan maltodekstrin tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan untuk campuran pakan ternak yang sangat menguntungkan. Penambahan ampas tahu dan pollard pada limbah pengolahan maltodekstrin diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai nutrisi pakan ternak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan menggunakan dua faktor dan dua ulangan sehingga diperoleh 18 satuan percobaan. Faktor pertama dalam penelitian ini yaitu persentase ampas tahu (A) terhadap pakan dan faktor kedua yaitu persentase pollard (P) terhadap pakan. Data hasil pengamatan pengujian kimia dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (Analysis of Varian atau ANNOVA), apabila dari analisis ragam antar perlakuan terdapat beda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil) dengan selang kepercayaan (α= 0,05). Pemilihan perlakuan terbaik ini menggunakan metode multiple atribut dengan atributnya yaitu PBB, PER, Protein Kasar dan Kadar Abu, sehingga pada perlakuan terbaik diperoleh rerata kadar air 7,07%, rerata kadar abu 10,45%, rerata PK 23,51%, rerata PER 0,40 % dan rerata PBB 52,50 gram. Harga pokok produk pada perlakuan terbaik yaitu Rp 12.455,30 / 5 kg pakan ternak.Kata kunci: Ampas Tahu, Limbah Filtrasi, Pakan Ternak, Pollard

Impact of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens probiotic strain H57 on the intestinal microbiota and broiler performance

Abstrak Tujuan dilaksanakannya penelitian ini adalah menentukan kombinasi volume penambahan EM4 dan lama fermentasi yang tepat pada pembuatan pupuk Bokashi untuk mencapai kualitas kimia (C/N rasio,kadar air, N, P,dan K) terbaik sesuai SNI dan menentukan harga pokok produksi (HPP) pupuk Bokashi pada perlakuan terbaik. Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan K4T1 yaitu pupuk Bokashi dengan penambahan volume EM4 40% yang difermentasi selama 7 hari. Bokashi tersebut memiliki kandungan kimia dengan nilai nisbah C/N 18,60, kandungan N sebesar 2,73 %, P sebesar 0,74 %, K sebesar 2,17%, dan kadar air sebesar 43,08%, di mana semua parameter tersebut telah memenuhi standar SNI 19-7030-2004. Harga pokok produksi dari pupuk Bokashi pada perlakuan terbaik tersebut adalah Rp.5.382 per 5 kg.Kata Kunci: Fosfor, Kadar Air, Kalium, Nisbah C/N, Nitrogen.Abstract The objective of this research was find the right combination of addition of EM4 volumes and long fermentation on making Bokashi to produce the best quality of chemical content Bokashi (C/N ratio, water content, N, P, and K) based on SNI and also determine the main cost of production (HPP) on the best treatment of Bokashi. The best treatment found in the K4T1, that is Bokashi fertilizer with the addition of EM4 volume 40% that fermented for 7 days. The characteristics of Bokashi were C/N ratio 18,60, Nitrogen content 2,73 %, Fosfor content 0,74 %, Potassium content 2,17 %, and moisture content 43 %,and all of those parameters were appropriate with SNI 19-7030-2004. The main cost of Bokashi production on the best treatment was Rp.5.382/5kg.Keyword: C/N Ratio, Moisture Content, Nitrogen, Fosfor, Potassiu

PENGARUH JENIS KEMASAN DAUN NILAM (Pogestemon cablin Benth.) KERING DAN LAMA PENUNDAAN PENYULINGAN TERHADAP RENDEMEN MINYAK NILAM

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of dried patchouli leaves (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) packaging type and distillation delay times to the yield of patchouli oil. The raw materials were used the leaves of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) obtained from the dried patchouli farmers in Kesamben, Blitar. Experimental design used in this research was randomized block design with two factors consist of the type of packaging and the distillation delay times. Type of packaging used to store the dried patchouli leaves when there was distillation delay times consists of paper and jute sack. The distillation delay times of dried patchouli leaves consist of 5,10, and 15 days. The parameters analyzed including moisture content, total fungi, total bacteria of dried patchouli leaves, and yield of patchouli oil. The results showed that the distillation delay times have more significant influence on moisture content, total fungi and total bacteria than packaging type. Type of packaging, distillation delay times, and interaction between the two factors did not significantly effect the yield of patchouli oil. The best of alternative was the dried patchouli leaves with jute sack packaging and distillation delay times 5 days with a moisture content of 38.46%, total fungi of 7.89 log cfu/g, total bacterial of 9.53 log cfu/g, and a yield of 1.24%. The best treatment result was used as a basis to arrange the dried patchouli leaves in the storage room. The suitable arranged for unit distillation pachouli oil in Blitar was 8 unit in the length and 5 unit in the width of storage room.Keywords : Destilation delay time, Packaging type, Patchouli oil, Pogostemon cablin Bent

EFISIENSI PENGGANDAAN SKALA KAPASITAS BENCH PADA PRODUKSI GELATIN TULANG IKAN KAKAP MERAH (Lutjanus sp.)

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil penelitian gelatin yang diproduksi pada skala laboratorium dan skala bench serta mengetahui nilai efisiensi proses dan rendemen dalam pembuatan gelatin tulang ikan kakap merah pada skala laboratorium dan skala bench. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat gelatin tulang ikan kakap merah skala laboratorium dan bench, kemudian dilakukan analisa proksimat (kadar air, abu, protein, lemak) dan kekuatan gel, serta menghitung nilai efisiensi proses dan rendemen dari kedua skala tersebut. Analisa gelatin tulang ikan kakap merah skala laboratorium diperoleh nilai kadar air 4,64%, kadar protein 90,67%, kadar lemak 2,55%, kadar abu 2,14%, kekuatan gel 200,33 bloom dan rendemen 15,03%. Analisa gelatin tulang ikan kakap merah skala bench diperoleh nilai kadar air 4,28%, kadar protein 89,63%, kadar lemak 3,01%, kadar abu 3,08%, kekuatan gel 199,33 bloom dan rendemen 14,95%. Nilai efisiensi proses pada produksi gelatin tulang ikan kakap merah berturut-turut adalah proses pencucian 100%, degreasing 94,74%, pengecilan ukuran 100%, demineralisasi 94,74%, pencucian 100%, ekstraksi 89,47%, penyaringan 100%, pengeringan 92,71% dan pengecilan ukuran 100%. Nilai efisiensi rendemen yang diperoleh sebesar 86,62%.Kata kunci: efisiensi, gelatin, nilai analisa dan kekuatan gel, skala benchAbstract The purpose of this research is to know the difference results of research that produced in laboratory-scale and bench-scale and to know the value of efficiency process and yield in manufacture gelatine of red snapper’s bone on a laboratory-scale and bench-scale. Research done by making gelatine of red snapper’s bone in laboratory-scale and bench-scale, then analyzed proximate (moisture, ash, protein, fat) and strength of a gel and counting the value of efficiency process and yield. Analysis gelatine of red snapper’s bone on laboratory-scale obtained moisture content value of 4.64%, protein 90.67%, fat 2.55%, ash 2,14%, the strength of gel 200,33 bloom and yield 15,03%. Analysis gelatine red snapper’s bone on bench-scale obtained moisture content value of 4.28%, protein 89,63%, fat 3.01%, ash 3.08%, gel strength 199,33 bloom and yield 14.95%. The value of efficiency process for the production of gelatine red snapper’s bone in a row is the process of washing 100%, degreasing 94,74%, size diminution 100%, demineralisasi 94,74%, extraction 89,47%, filtering 100%, drying 92,71% and size diminution 100%. The yield efficiency values acquired for 86,62%.Keywords: efficiency, gelatine, value of analysis and strength of gel, bench-scal

Enhancement of the ligninolytic activity of Lysinibacillus sphaericus by the addition of MnSO4 and its impact on subsequent methane production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB)

Palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) is a recalcitrant agricultural waste not readily digested which is produced in abundance. The recently isolated bacteria, Lysinibacillus sphaericus is a facultative anaerobe which can digest lignin. The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of L. sphaericus and MnSO4 could aid the bioconversion of OPEFB, and if this could enhance methane production during subsequent anaerobic digestion (AD). The untreated OPEFB had a specific methane potential of 0.099 L/g VS which was doubled following pre-treatment with L. sphaericus. In the presence of 0.25 mM MnSO4 a further 1.5-fold increase in methane production was observed. This illustrates for the first time how the addition of inducers (MnSO4) can significantly enhance this bacteria's ability to degrade lignocellulose through enhancement of its lignin degrading enzymes. Thus, enabling this agricultural waste to be utilised more effectively for biogas production

Perbaikan proses produksi dan ijin edar guna meningkatkan mutu produk unggulan daerah

KWT "Sri Tanjung" was one of the Women Farmers Groups (KWT) in Sukosari Village, Malang Regency. They produced "Jaselang" drinks (ginger, secang, alang-alang) and corn chips. KWT members produced the products with traditional technology and low quality of food safety and they did not have marketing license. The purpose of this service activities was to provide the education of KWT members in the form of training related with good product handling processes to ensure product safety, especially the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and marketing license of National Food and Drug Agency. The method of implementing this community service were preparation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. The results of the activities showed that 100% of the participants could know the definition, benefits, and objectives of implementing GMP. Besides, after the implementation of the marketing license socialization, 100% of the participants knew the definitions, requirements, methods, and registered the marketing license. The activities increased the knowledge of KWT members regarding the implementation of GMP and marketing license

Valorization of oil palm empty fruit bunches into activated carbon: A mini-review

This paper aimed to comprehensively review the potential valorization of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) into activated carbon and its potential application. Activated carbon is carbon processed through dual phases, including carbonization and activation. Firstly, this process converts biomass into carbon thermally with zero to little oxygen conditions. Next, the carbon needs to be activated to stimulate the formation of pores and reduce impurities. The activated carbon’s quality is influenced by the activation process, which can be done physically, chemically, or physiochemically. Activated carbon has an amorphous structure and abundant internal pore structure, thus increasing the surface area. In Indonesia, the quality of active carbon is regulated by Indonesian National Standards or SNI 06-370-1995. The factors influencing the activation step include activator agent type, activator agent concentration, activation ratio and time, etc. . Generally, activated carbon can be widely applied to various sectors, such as agriculture (i.e., slow-released fertilizer, fertilizer, etc.), waste treatment (i.e., adsorbent, activator in anaerobic digestion/AD, bioremediation, etc.), gas purification, ceramic membrane, etc. However, further in-depth investigation is required to determine potential scaling-up and commercialization

Bioconversion of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) on agricultural waste: Potential source of protein and lipid, the application (A mini-review)

Hermetia illucens, well-known as black soldier fly (BSF), is an insect easily found in subtropical and tropical regions. It contains high protein and lipids. BSF is known as one of the biological agents consuming organic components, thus having a high potential to overcome organic waste problems. BSF has promising advantages due to its long development time in the larval stage (compared to other flies) and its ability to self-separate from organic waste. BSF with large protein and lipid content can substitute the commonly used protein source in aquaculture, poultry and livestock compound diet formulation, which can be an option to overcome limited sources of future food and feed insecurity. This review analyses the latest study of bioconversion using BSF from the viewpoint of nutrient composition, degradation rate and biomass results from different feed treatments. Various feed and growth mediums have been studied to obtain high protein and lipid biomass. Hopefully, the information will provide new research directions and solutions for converting agro-industrial waste using bioconversion with BSF

ISOLAT BAKTERI DAN KEMAMPUANNYA MENDEGRADASI DIMETOAT

Abstrak Pestisida yang banyak direkomendasikan untuk bidang pertanian adalah golongan organofosfat, karena golongan ini lebih mudah terurai di alam. Pestisida jenis organofosfat di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia biasanya ditemukan dalam bentuk insektisida. Penggunaan pestisida yang secara terus menerus dapat menyebabkan akumulasi residu pada tanah yang dapat membahayakan biota tanah dan dapat mencemari tanah sehingga ekosistem terganggu. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya penelitian untuk mengurangi efek buruk dari insektisida pada lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini bakteri yang diperoleh dari hasil isolasi lalu diujikan kemampuannya dalam mendegradasi salah satu jenis insektisida. Media yang digunakan adalah media Mineral Salt. Pengujian kandungan dimetoat di lakukan dengan Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) untuk melihat kemampuan isolat bakteri dalam mendegradasi dimetoat. Untuk mengetahui efektivitas isolasi bakteri dalam pendegradasian dimetoat, analisa data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode uji-T berpasang (paired T-test) untuk populasi saling tergantung (dependen). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri mampu mendegradasi dimetoat dari 1000 ppb pada hari pertama hingga 502,56 ppb pada hari ketiga. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa kemampuan isolat bakteri dalam menurunkan dimetotat disebabkan adanya sumber karbon pada dimetoat yang berperan sebagai sumber makanan utama bagi isolat bakteri.Kata Kunci: Biodegradasi, Bakteri, Dimetoat, Insektisida, LC-MS,Abstract The organophosphate group is a recommended pesticide in agricultural field since it is easier to decompose in nature. This pesticide type in developing countries, such as Indonesia, is usually found in the form of insecticide. A continuous usage of pesticides may lead to residue accumulation in soil which in turn endangers land biota and pollutes land thus disturbs the ecosystem. Therefore, a research to decrease the unfavourable effect of insecticide to the environment. In the study, the bacteria from isolation result were then tested for their ability to degrade dimethoate, as a type of insecticide. The media used in the study was Mineral Salt and the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to observe the capability of the bacteria isolate in degrading dimethoate. The study was conducted with paired T-test method for dependent population to identify the effectiveness of bacteria isolate in degrading dimethoate. The result shows that bacteria isolate was able to degrade dimethoate from 1000 ppb on the first day to 502.56 ppb on the third day. It is believe that the bacterial isolate ability in degrading dimethoate was caused by carbon source in dimethoate which acted as a main nutrition for the bacterial isolate.Keywords: Biodegradation, Bacteria, Dimethoate, Insectiside, LC-M