Yeast (S. cerevisiae) - E vitamin combination over productive variables and quality carcass in broilers

The aim was to estimate the action of yeast (S. Cerevisiae) - vitamin E combinated or not over the productive variables and quality carcass. One hundred and twenty male broilers Cobb received the following diets: Control, Vitamin 1 (V1, 50 ppm E vitamin), Vitamin 2 (V2, 100 ppm E vitamin), Vitamin 3 (V3, 200 ppm E vitamin) and Yeast plus Vitamin (Y+V, 0,3 % yeast + 200 pp E vitamin) with six chicken per pen and four pen for ration Since 29 till 52 days old the Average Daily Consumption (ADC), Average Daily Gain (ADG) and Conversion Index (CI) were measured. % carcass yield (CY), % breast weigh (BW), % leg muscles weigh (LMW) and % fat weigh (FW) were determinated. An ANOVA and a tukey test were made, significant differences were considered if p 0,05. The broiler that received the combination of yeast and E vitamin had significantly best CI and hight LMW and lower FW than the others. It could be concluded that yeast + E vitamin increased productive performance and carcass quality because had better CI, increased LMW and reduced FW in the broiler that received it.Fil: Peralta, M.F. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Animal. Producción Avícola. Unidad de Investigación Aviar. Córdoba, ArgentinaFil: Miazzo, R.D. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Animal. Producción Avícola. Unidad de Investigación Aviar. Córdoba, ArgentinaFil: Nilson, A.J. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Producción Animal. Producción Avícola. Unidad de Investigación Aviar. Córdoba, ArgentinaEl objetivo fue verificar la acción de Levadura de Cerveza asociada o no a vitamina E sobre las variables productivas y la calidad de la canal. Ciento veinte pollos parrilleros recibieron dietas Control, Vitamina 1 (V1, 50 ppm. de vitamina E), Vitamina 2 (V2, 100 ppm. de vitamina E), Vitamina 3 (V3, 200 ppm. de vitamina E), y Levadura mas Vitamina (L+V, 0,3 % de Levadura + 200 ppm. de vitamina E); con cuatro repeticiones de seis aves cada una. De los 29 a los 52 días de vida se midieron Ganancia Media Diaria (GMD), Consumo Medio Diario (CMD) e Índice de Conversión (IC), se determinaron % de Rendimiento de la canal (RC), Peso de Pechuga (%) (PP), Peso de Muslos (%) (PM) y Peso de Grasa (%) (PG). Se realizó un ANOVA con posterior test de Tukey, p 0,05 fueron considerados significativos. Las aves que recibieron la asociación tuvieron significativamente mejor IC, mayor PM y menor PG, respecto a las otras. Se concluye que la combinación de la Levadura y la Vitamina E mejoró la performance productiva y la calidad de la canal al mejorar el IC,reducir el PG y aumentar el PM en las aves que la recibieron

Effects of buried high-Z layers on fast electron propagation

By extending a prior model [A.R. Bell, J.R. Davies, S.M. Guerin, Phys. Rev. E 58, 2471 (1998)], the magnetic field generated during the transport of a fast electron beam driven by an ultraintense laser in a solid target is derived analytically and applied to estimate the effect of such field on fast electron propagation through a buried high-Z layer in a lower-Z target. It is found that the effect gets weaker with the increase of the depth of the buried layer, the divergence of the fast electrons, and the laser intensity, indicating that magnetic field effects on the fast electron divergence as measured from Ka X-ray emission may need to be considered for moderate laser intensities. On the basis of the calculations, some considerations are made on how one can mitigate the effect of the magnetic field generated at the interface

Demanda energética na subsolagem realizada antes e depois de diferentes sistemas de preparo periódico do solo Energy demand in the subsoiling performed before and after different systems of periodic soil tillage

A subsolagem é uma das operações mecanizadas de elevado custo e demanda energética por área, tradicionalmente utilizada pelos agricultores antes do preparo do solo na descompactação de camadas adensadas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a demanda energética na operação de subsolagem realizada antes e depois de diferentes sistemas de preparo periódico num solo classificado como Nitossolo Vermelho Distroférrico. Os sistemas de preparo periódico foram: aração com discos; aração com discos mais uma gradagem de nivelamento; grade aradora; grade aradora mais gradagem de nivelamento e escarificação. O trator utilizado como fonte de potência no experimento foi um Valmet 128 (4x2tda). A demanda energética por área foi menor na subsolagem realizada depois do preparo periódico do solo, proporcionando uma economia de 21,9%. A realização da subsolagem depois do preparo periódico do solo resultou numa diminuição da exigência de força de tração em 21,1% e da potência disponível na barra de tração em 15%.<br>Subsoiling is one of the mechanized operations of high cost and energy demand per area, traditionally utilized by farmers before soil tillage in the decompactation of hardened layers. This research was intended to evaluate the energy demand in the subsoiling operation performed before and after different systems of periodic tillage in a soil classified as Distroferric Red Nitossol. The periodic tillage systems were: plowing with disks; plowing with disks plus one leveling; plowing harrow; plowing harrow plus leveling and chiseling. The tractor utilized as a power source in the experiment was a Valmet 128 (4x2tda). The demand for energy area was lower in subsoiling held after the regular preparation of the soil, providing a saving of 21.9%. The completion of subsoiling after the preparation of the soil resulted in a decrease in demand for power to pull in 21% and 15% of the power available in the bar of traction