Occupational stressors in nursing

Background and aimsNursing provides a wide range of potential workplace stressors as it is  a profession that requires a high level of skill, teamworking in a variety of situations and provision  of 24-hour delivery of care .Occupational stress is a major factor of Staff sickness an  absenteeism.This study investigates the main occupational stressors in nursing profession in the  hope of identification and reducing it.MethodsIn this study a questionnaire consisting of three parts:demoghraphic data,the nurses  background and questions about occupational stress from Revised index fulfilled by 140 nurses.ResultsLack of reward for work well done(48/6%), Heavy workload(46/4%) ,lack of Participation in decisions (39/3%) , poor Control of work place(38/4%)and lack of job  development (36/4%) have been the main sources of Occupational stress for nurses.chronic  diseases, Night Shift working and working hours were positively associated with occupstional  stress.Conclusion Analysis indicated that effects of work factors on occupational stress are more than demoghraphic data. The findings of this study can assist health service organisations to provide an attractive working climate in order to decrease side effects and consequences of occupational stress. Furthermore, understanding this situation can help to develop coping strategies in order to reduce work-related stress

Reasons for medication errors in nurses’ veiws

BackgroundMedication error in nursing is one of the most common errors of healthcare systems (over 78%) with detrimental outcomes. Different reasons have been suggested in this regard and it seems that further investigations are still needed. PurposeThis descriptive study was conducted to identify the reasons for medication errors in nurses’ views. Methods100 nurses from different wards at several hospitals completed a 3-part questionnaire including demographic, occupational and medication error questions. Content and test-retest methods were used for validity and reliability of the questionnaire respectively. Different tests were used for statistical analysis of data. Results53% of the subjects reported medication errors at least 1 time in their work experience. The most common ones were wrong dose (27%), drug neglect (22%) and wrong time (18%) respectively. Most errors were made by nurses between 25 and 30 (51%), at neonatal and pediatric wards (60%) and mainly in morning shifts (65%). The most common reasons included heavy workload (70%), shortage of staff (62%), physical and emotional fatigue (59%) and lengthy working hours (58%). ConclusionIt can be concluded that the 3 reasons for making errors refer to organizational-humanistic factors. In fact, insufficiency in healthcare system leads to increased medication errors. Identification of these factors can help both healthcare system and nurses to eliminate them and decrease the errors resulting in improved quality care and patient’s safety. Keywords: Medication errors, Nurses, Reasons. 

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PISTACHIO ROOTSTOCK AND CULTIVAR IN K. MARAS/TURKEY -PRELIMINARY RESULTS

The main pistachio rootstocks used in Turkey are P. vera seedlings. In some places such as Sanlõurfa (P. terebinthus), Siirt (P. khinjuk), and Manisa (P. atlantica), other rootstocks are used, but to a lesser extent. In all pistachio-growing regions of Turkey, irrigation is not practised, therefore, in warm and dry places, the pistachio nut yield per unit area is low as the trees come into bearing very late. The purposes of this experiment were to shorten the juvenility period of the trees, improve the quality of the nuts, increase the yield per hectare by irrigation and by using different rootstocks. This experiment was replicated in four locations of Turkey, however only the results of the K. Maras experiment are presented in this paper. In the experiment four rootstocks (P. vera, P. atlantica, P. khinjuk and P. terebinthus) and five cultivars (Sel-14, 'Siirt', 'Ohadi', 'Kerman' and 'Kalehghochi') were used. The orchard was established in April 1997 with potted seedlings of the rootstocks, which were budded in May-June 1998 with the abovementioned cultivars. In this paper, preliminary results of rootstocks x scion interactions on the growth of scion and stem diameter, flower bud formation and fruit set were studied

Interactions between pistachio rootstock and cultivar in K. Maras/Turkey - Preliminary results

The main pistachio rootstocks used in Turkey are P. vera seedlings. In some places such as Sanlõurfa (P. terebinthus), Siirt (P. khinjuk), and Manisa (P. atlantica), other rootstocks are used, but to a lesser extent. In all pistachio-growing regions of Turkey, irrigation is not practised, therefore, in warm and dry places, the pistachio nut yield per unit area is low as the trees come into bearing very late. The purposes of this experiment were to shorten the juvenility period of the trees, improve the quality of the nuts, increase the yield per hectare by irrigation and by using different rootstocks. This experiment was replicated in four locations of Turkey, however only the results of the K. Maras experiment are presented in this paper. In the experiment four rootstocks (P. vera, P. atlantica, P. khinjuk and P. terebinthus) and five cultivars (Sel-14, 'Siirt', 'Ohadi', 'Kerman' and 'Kalehghochi') were used. The orchard was established in April 1997 with potted seedlings of the rootstocks, which were budded in May-June 1998 with the abovementioned cultivars. In this paper, preliminary results of rootstocks x scion interactions on the growth of scion and stem diameter, flower bud formation and fruit set were studied