Концептуализација на љубовта во рускиот, македонскиот и во словенечкиот јазик

V fokusu prispevka je konceptualizacija ljubezni v ruskem, makedonskem in slovenskem jeziku skozi prizmo kognitivne teorije metafore. S tem ciljem je iz vseh treh jezikov analizirano gradivo, ki pomeni globoko in intimno čustvo ter močno naklonjenost do druge osebe. Izhodišče je gradivo v ruskem jeziku, za katerega iščemo vzporednice v makedonskem in slovenskem jeziku. Zbrano gradivo je razvrščeno po petnajstih metaforah, ki predstavljajo različne aspekte kompleksnega fenomena, z namenom, da bi ugotovili razlikem in podobnosti v konceptualizaciji ljubezni v vseh treh jezikih. Izhodiščna hipoteza članka je, da se tovrstna konceptualizacija ljubezni lahko realizira s pomočjo frazeološkega in nefrazeološkega gradiva, s čimer se podaja širši pogled na definicijo ljubezni kot čustvenega fenomena v ruskem, makedonskem in slovenskem jeziku. The focus of the paper is the conceptualisation of love in Russian, Macedonian and Slovene through the prism of the cognitive theory of metaphor. To this end, material is being analysed that signifies deep and intimate emotion and strong affection for the other person. The starting point is the Russian material, for which we are looking for parallels in Macedonian and Slovenian. The collected material is arranged according to 15 metaphors representing different aspects of this complex phenomenon, in order to identify the differences and similarities in the conceptualisation of love in all three languages. The initial hypothesis of the article is that such a conceptualisation of love can be realised with the help of phraseological and non-phraseological material, which gives a broader view of the definition of love as an emotional phenomenon in Russian, Macedonian and Slovenian

Interdisciplinary Treatment of Sкeletal Open Bite-Case Report

Background: Surgical-orthodontic treatment in the literature is the most recommended treatment for skeletal open bite as orthodontic anomaly. Through this case report we represent the results of skeletal open bite with interdisciplinary orthodontic-prosthodontic treatment approach. Methods and materials: Adult patient 22 years, came in our Clinic for consultation. After the clinical examination, anamnesis and radiographic analyses, we established presence of skeletal open bite, hipodontia of lower second premolars and extraction of lower right first molar. The therapy plan consists of orthodontic fixed appliance in first phase and prosthodontic treatment in second phase. Results: In two years period with intrusion of posterior teeth and use of intermaxillary elastics for anterior teeth extrusion, we have achieved satisfying results with the curve of Spee leveling and over bite of 2 mm. At the end of the orthodontic treatment we did prosthodontic rehabilitation with fixed prosthodontic restorations in the lower posterior part. Conclusion: Satisfying results from the interdisciplinary treatment and the satisfying smile of the patient for the therapeutic team presented satisfaction and motivation for further interdisciplinary collaboration in skeletal open bite cases. The patient's facial appearance was markedly improved, and she achieved a functional and stable occlusion after this treatment. Key words: Open bite, orthodontic treatment, prosthodontic treatment

Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications of the Oral Exfoliative Cytology in Oral precancer And Cancer Detection

Oral cancer is a preventable disease. In 2021, the International Agency for Research on Cancer by World Health Organization, presents the number of 377713 new cases of oral cancer in 2020, making it the 16th most common malignant disease in the world, unfortunately with poor prognosis after treatment because of the late stage of the disease [1]. Aim: to explore the accuracy/efficacy, specificity and sensitivity, the positive and negative predicted values of the oral exfoliative cytology (brush biopsy) as a closest, but less invasive method to the tissue biopsy, respected as a gold standard in the diagnostic procedures. Material and Methods: 60 patients divided into two study groups (30 of them with potentially malignant oral lesions and a second consisted of another 30 patients with previous oral malignant disease) were examined with brush biopsy and underwent to histopathological confirmation - tissue biopsy, selected under certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Sensitivity of brush biopsy in the group of examinees with oral potentially malignant lesions is 100%, its specificity is 66.67%, the positive predictive value is 92.31% and the negative predictive value is 100%. The accuracy of the Brush biopsy method is 93.33%. The sensitivity, in the group of patients with previous oral malignant disease, is 100%, specificity is 0%, the positive predictive value is 100% and the negative predictive value is 0%. The accuracy of this method is 100%. Conclusion: The accuracy reaches a total value of 100% for the group with previous malignant lesions (relapse) and sets the thesis that brush biopsy as screening method for oral cancer or premalignant tissue changes is enough valuable for the patients with oral epithelial changes but may be combined with some other type of screening procedures, easy to perform and less invasive ones, in order to gain relevant results applicable in the everyday clinical practice. Keywords: Oral Examination; Potentially Malignant Lesions; Oral Cancer; Diagnostic

Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications of the Oral Exfoliative Cytology in Oral precancer And Cancer Detection

Oral cancer is a preventable disease. In 2021, the International Agency for Research on Cancer by World Health Organization, presents the number of 377713 new cases of oral cancer in 2020, making it the 16th most common malignant disease in the world, unfortunately with poor prognosis after treatment because of the late stage of the disease [1]. Aim: to explore the accuracy/efficacy, specificity and sensitivity, the positive and negative predicted values of the oral exfoliative cytology (brush biopsy) as a closest, but less invasive method to the tissue biopsy, respected as a gold standard in the diagnostic procedures. Material and Methods: 60 patients divided into two study groups (30 of them with potentially malignant oral lesions and a second consisted of another 30 patients with previous oral malignant disease) were examined with brush biopsy and underwent to histopathological confirmation - tissue biopsy, selected under certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Sensitivity of brush biopsy in the group of examinees with oral potentially malignant lesions is 100%, its specificity is 66.67%, the positive predictive value is 92.31% and the negative predictive value is 100%. The accuracy of the Brush biopsy method is 93.33%. The sensitivity, in the group of patients with previous oral malignant disease, is 100%, specificity is 0%, the positive predictive value is 100% and the negative predictive value is 0%. The accuracy of this method is 100%. Conclusion: The accuracy reaches a total value of 100% for the group with previous malignant lesions (relapse) and sets the thesis that brush biopsy as screening method for oral cancer or premalignant tissue changes is enough valuable for the patients with oral epithelial changes but may be combined with some other type of screening procedures, easy to perform and less invasive ones, in order to gain relevant results applicable in the everyday clinical practice. Keywords: Oral Examination; Potentially Malignant Lesions; Oral Cancer; Diagnostic

Impact of Covid-19 pandemic оn orthodontic treatment

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the attitudes, behaviors and beliefs related to orthodontic treatment. Methodological approach: The research represents a retrospective cross sectional study conducted on a sample of 192 orthodontic patients from public and private facilities. Results: A strong majority of respondents stated that the pandemic had an impact on their orthodontic treatment, lifestyle and financial situation. Only 19.8% of respondents would cancel scheduled orthodontic check-ups due to fear of infection with COVID-19, yet more than half of patients reported having anxiety related to COVID-19. More than half of the patients said they followed the orthodontist's instructions during the pandemic. Conclusion: The results generate useful information to help meenage the expectations and needs of patients and orthodontic practices during a pandemic, contributing to the continuous improvement of community dental health services. COVID-19-related anxiety is a factor in the success of orthodontic treatment as well as adequate communication between orthodontist and patient. Keywords: orthodontics, Covid-19, pandemi

Oral–surgical treatment of periodontal pocket with guided bone and soft tissue regeneration

Periodontal disease is defined as a complex, multifactorial disease characterized by the loss of connective tissue attachment with destruction of periodontal tissues. The aim of periodontal therapy is to eliminate inflammatory process, prevent the progression of periodontal disease and also to regenerate the lost of periodontal tissues. Loss of the bone support by creating a periodontal pocket is one of the most common cause of tooth extraction. Their treatment can be conservative and surgical. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the treatment of infrabony periodontal defects with bone and soft tissue regeneration. On periodontal examination and radiographic evaluation, the female 56-year-old patient presented with an infrabony defect extending up to apical third of the mesial side of the right maxillary second molar with a probing depth of 8 mm. After conservative periodontal treatment, oral surgical intervention was performed including open flap debridement and filling the defect with xenograft and plasma rich fibrin. The application of xenograft and Plasma rich fibrin resulted in bone regeneration of the defect and successful fixed prosthodontic solution. Guided bone and soft tissue regeneration using xenograft and fibrin-rich plasma gives successful radiological and clinical signs of bone augmentation and consolidation of defects caused by loss of tooth attachment. Keywords: periodontal pocket, xenograft, PRF

Comparative evaluation of clinical effects after operative extraction of impacted mandibular third molars using piezosurgery and rotary instruments

Background: Impacted mandibular third molars are frequently encountered in daily oral surgery practice. Surgical extraction of these teeth is indicated when they cause multiple problems that interfere with the normal functioning of the masticatory system, or as a prophylactic measure to prevent clinical symptoms. Due to the shortcomings of traditional rotary instruments, piezosurgery appears as an alternative technique to osteotomy whose main benefits are that it is inert to soft anatomical structures and it reduces the risk of damage or thermal necrosis of osteocytes. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare piezosurgical and conventional osteotomy with hand piece and burs evaluating the time needed for the osteotomy and the intensity of postoperative complications, including pain and trismus. Materials and Methods: Intraoperative and postoperative aspects were evaluated for the comparison between piezosurgical osteotomy and osteotomy with rotary instruments in the surgical removal of mandibular impacted wisdom teeth in total of 15 young patients through a split-mouth study. Results: It takes more time to perform an osteotomy using piezosurgery compared to the conventional technique with rotatory instruments, but statistically non-significant. Postoperative pain and trismus were lower in the test group where the osteotomy was performed piezosurgically, also without statistical significance. Conclusion: Due to the lower intensity of postoperative symptoms, piezosurgery is a good therapeutic option for osteotomy, especially in cases where there is a high risk of injury to adjacent soft tissues. Keywords: Impacted mandibular third molars; rotary instruments; piezosurgery; osteotom

Facial convexity in macedonian subjects

Objective: The assessment of the patient’s soft tissue profile is a critical step in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Achieving a pleasing esthetic profile is an important goal of orthodontic therapy, and can influence the treatment plan and mechanotherapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the convexity angles in Macedonian participants with different sagittal irregularities. The examination was performed on 90 profile cephalograms on Macedonian subjects with permanent dentition, aged 16-21 years, divided in Class I, II/1 and III malocclusions, with symmetrical gender distribution and no previous orthodontic treatment. Examined parameters were angle of facial convexity (N’– Sn’-Pg’) and angle of total facial convexity (N’-Pr’-Pg’). Results: The analysis of the size of the angle of facial convexity and angle of total facial convexity showed that the highest average value was in the subjects of class III, followed by class I and the lowest average values were in the subjects with II/1. For p <0.05, the analysis of variance indicated a significant difference between the three groups of malocclusion, in both sexes. There is a significant linear positive weak correlation between age and the parameter N’– Sn’-Pg ‘(with increasing age the value of this parameter also increased ). Conclusion: Our study has shown that the biological range of facial soft tissue values needs to be determined according to age, sex, and orthodontic anomalies for each ethnic group. Keywords: esthetic profile, orthodontic therapy, cephalogram

Is there any difference in arch dimension measurements at digital vs. plaster models?

Digital models are a reliable alternative to conventional plaster models that are accurate, efficient, easy to use, and allow visualization of the planned treatment results. The Aim: To make a comparison of arch dimensions measurements(width, length, and height) made on digital and plaster models. Material-Methods: Orthodontic plaster models of 60 patients with dental crowding, aged 13-18 years were observed. Linear measurements of arch dimensions were performed first manually with a digital caliper and then digitally with 3Shape’s OrthoAnalyzer TM software program on the scanned plaster models with 3Shape D800 TM scanner. Dental arch width, length and height by Harper were performed. Arch width was measured as intercanine, inter-premolar (IPM4, IPM5) and intermolar (IM6) distance. Arch length was measured as measured as the distance between the distal surface of the first permanent molar and the point of contact between the central incisors. Arch height was measured as the distance between the distal surfaces of the first permanent molars and the septal margin of the central incisors, following the linea mediana. Results: There is no statistically significant difference in the width of the dental arches between plaster and digital models. There is a statistically significant difference, in the length and height of both dental arches in favor of smaller length dimensions in digital models, and in addition to larger height dimensions in digital models. Conclusions: Measurements on digital models are suited for reliable diagnostic measurements, which compare well to those obtained from plaster casts, the current gold standard. Keywords: conventional plaster models, digital models, gnathometric analysis

The Role of Helicobacter Pylori in Development of Lesion in Oral Cavity

Background/Aim: to examine the connection of H. Pylori in saliva and biopsy material with oral lesions. Material and Methods: Sixty patients with dyspeptic complaints were followed up at the Clinic for Gastroenterology at University Medical Clinical Centre in Skopje, divided into two groups: first group consisted of 30 patients without presence of H. pylori, and the second group with 30 subjects and presence of H. pylori. The presence or absence of H. pylori has been ascertained after endoscopic examination-gastroscopy, and implemented urease test (CLO-test). All patients were clinically followed in order to determinate mouth burning, recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), acid taste and lingual papillary hyperplasia according to Cohen and Proctor. The presence of H. pylori in saliva has been ascertained before endoscopic examination, after chewing Orbit gum without sugar for 1 min using by Pronto dry test. Determination of H. pylori in biopsy material has been ascertained by rapid urease test (RUT). Results: At 30 patients with dyspeptic complaints and presence of Helicobacter pylori, 16 patients (53,33%) had lingual papillary hyperplasia, acid taste, burning mouth and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). At 4 patients (13,33%) was confirmed acid taste, and also at 4 patients (13,33%) burning mouth. At 2 patients (6,67%) was confirmed lingual papillary hyperplasia, burning mouth, and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). At the same time, at 2 patients (6,67%) was confirmed burning mouth, and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), until at 1 patient (3,33%) lingual papillary hyperplasia, as at 1 patient (3,33%) lingual papillary hyperplasia and acid taste. At patients without presence of Helicobacter pylori but with dyspeptic complaints, was confirmed burning mouth in 14 patients (46,67%), lingual papillary hyperplasia, burning mouth, and acid taste in 7 patients (23,33%); in 3 patients (10,00) lingual papillary hyperplasia, burning mouth, and in 2 patients (6,67%) was confirmed recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Acid taste was registered in 2 patients (6,67%), and also lingual papillary hyperplasia in 2 patients (6,67%). There was a significant differences in clinical aspect between the patients with and without presence of H. pylori, for p< 0,01(p= 0,002); Pearson Chi-square= 20,10 и and p<0,05(p= 0,01). Conclusions: H. pylori in saliva and biopsy material detected with CLO test are reason for oral lesions at patients with dyspeptic complaints who have the presence of H. pylori. Key words: CLO-test, H. pylori, Oral Lesions, Halitosis, Recurrent Aphthous Stomatiti