241 research outputs found
Divergentnost tipova džanarike (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) na podruÄju Srbije
Variability of some more prominent pomological characteristics was examined in three regions of Serbia (central, western, southern). In all the regions, significant variability of all studied characteristics was established. However, no specifics were manifested between regions, therefore, identical types emerge in all the regions. This is indicated by similar intervals of variation as well as similar mean values of characteristics per region. The obtained results lead to the conclusion that the entire territory of Serbia should be observed as a unique myrobalan population with highly expressed polymorphism of characteristics. To preserve genetic variability of myrobalan, collection is recommended for those types that were arranged into various groups and subgroups according to the results of cluster analysis.U ovom radu ispitivana je varijabilnost znaÄajnijih pomoloÅ”kih osobina u 3 regiona Srbije (centralni, zapadni i južni). U sva tri regiona ustanovljena je znaÄajna varijabilnost svih prouÄavanih osobina. MeÄutim, meÄu regionima nisu ispoljene specifiÄnosti, tako da se u sva tri regiona pojavljuju isti tipovi. Na ovo ukazuju sliÄni intervali variranja, kao i sliÄne srednje vrednosti osobina po regionima. Dobijeni rezultati navode na zakljuÄak da Äitavu teritoriju Srbije treba posmatrati kao jedinstvenu populaciju džanarike sa veoma izraženim polimorfizmom osobina. Radi oÄuvanja genetiÄke varijabilnosti džanarike za kolekcionisanje se preporuÄuju oni tipovi koji su prema rezultatima klaster analize svrstani u razliÄite grupe i podgrupe
Komponente varijabilnosti i heritabilnost pomoloŔkih i hemijskih osobina klonova viŔnje sorte Montmorensi
In 12 sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency 5 pomological (fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, stone weight and fruit stem length) and 4 chemical characteristics (soluble solid content, total acid content, invert sugar content and total sugar content) were investigated. Based on results of analysis of variance for all examined characteristics, variability components, coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation and coefficient of heritability in a broader sense were calculated. Considering components of total variability, year represented the component that caused variability of majority examined characteristics in the highest percentage. Coefficients of genetic variation showed that in investigated clones total acid content varied the least (CVg = 1.79%), and the most fruit weight (CVg = 11.41%). The lowest phenotypic varying was determined for fruit length (CVf = 4.01%) but the highest for fruit weight (CVf = 13.86%). Coefficient of heritability was the highest for stone weight (h2 = 70.27%), and the lowest for total acid content (h2 = 7.73%).Kod 12 klonova viÅ”nje sorte Montmorensi ispitivano je 5 pomoloÅ”kih (dužina ploda, Å”irina ploda, masa ploda, masa koÅ”tice i dužina peteljke ploda) i 4 hemijske osobine (sadržaj rastvorljivih suvih materija, sadržaj ukupnih kiselina, sadržaj invertnih Å”eÄera i sadržaj ukupnih Å”eÄera). Na osnovu rezultata analize varijanse za sve ispitivane osobine izraÄunate su komponente varijabilnosti, koeficijenti genetiÄke i fenotipske varijacije i koeficijent heritabilnosti u Å”irem smislu. Od komponenti ukupne varijabilnosti godina je predstavljala komponentu koja je u najveÄem procenutu uslovila varijabilnost veÄine prouÄavanih osobina. Koeficijenti genetiÄke varijacije pokazuju da je kod prouÄavanih klonova najmanje varirao sadržaj ukupnih kiselina (CVg =1,79%), a najviÅ”e masa ploda (CVg =11,41%). Najmanje fenotipsko variranje ustanovljeno je za dužinu ploda (CVf =4,01%), a najveÄe za masu ploda (CVf =13,86%). Koeficijent heritabilnost bilo je najveÄi za masu koÅ”tice (h2 = 70,27%), a najmanji za sadržaj ukupnih kiselina (h2 = 7,73%)
Cranial osteology of the sand goby Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas, 1811) from the River Sava (Serbia, Yugoslavia)
A Model of Gear Transmission: Fractional Order System Dynamics
A theoretical model of multistep gear transmission dynamics is presented. This model is based on the assumption that the connection between the teeth of the gears is with properties within the range from ideal clasic to viscoelastic so that a new model of connection between the teeth was expressed by means of derivative of fractional order. For this model a two-step gear transmision with three degrees of freedom of motion has been used. The obtained solutions are in the analytic form of the expansion according to time. As boundary cases this model gives results for the case of ideally elastic connection of the gear teeth and for the case of viscoelastic connection of the gear teeth, as well. Eigen fractional modes are obtained and a vizualization is done
Uticaj opraÅ”ivaÄa na zametanje plodova sorte Å”ljive ÄaÄanska Najbolja
In this paper, during a 4-year period (2003-2006) effects of six pollenizers (President, Italian Prune, Stanley, ÄaÄanska Rodna, Agen 707, and California Blue) on the degree of fruit set in the plum cultivar ÄaÄanska Najbolja were examined. Besides the controlled pollination of this cultivar, open pollination was investigated. Functional pollen ability in pollenizer-cultivars was established by in vitro pollen germination. Degree of fruit set was determined comparing the number of fruit set (10 days after pollination, 21 days after pollination and number of harvested fruits) against the number of pollinated flowers. The results indicated that all pollenizer cultivars, studied in this paper, possessed satisfactory in vitro pollen germination (30.1-67.4%). The number of fruit set determined 10 days after pollination was very high and did not differ among pollenizers. Highly significant differences were found between the pollenizers in the number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and significant ones in relation to the number of harvested fruits. Compared to open pollination, higher number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and higher number of harvested fruits were obtained when cultivars Stanley (17.0%; 7.6%) and Italian Prune (14.6%; 6.9%) were used as pollenizers, therefore those cultivars are recommendable as good pollenizers for the cultivar ÄaÄanska Najbolja.U radu je tokom ÄetvorogodiÅ”njeg perioda istraživanja (2003-2006) ispitivan uticaj Å”est opraÅ”ivaÄa (Prezident, Italijanka, Stenli, ÄaÄanska rodna, Aženka 707 i Kalifornijska plava) na stepen zametanja plodova sorte Å”ljive ÄaÄanska najbolja. Pored kontrolisanog praÄeno je i slobodno opraÅ”ivanje ove sorte. Funkcionalna sposobnost polena sorti opraÅ”ivaÄa ustanovljena je na osnovu in vitro klijavosti polena. Stepen zametanja plodova utvrÄen je poreÄenjem broja zametnutih plodova (10 dana posle opraÅ”ivanja, 21 dan posle opraÅ”ivanja i broja ubranih plodova) u odnosu na broj opraÅ”enih cvetova. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da su sve sorte opraÅ”ivaÄi, prouÄavane u ovom radu, imale zadovoljavajuÄu in vitro klijavost polena (30,1-67,4%). Broj zametnutih plodova 10 dana nakon opraÅ”ivanja bio je veoma visok i nije se razlikovao u zavisnosti od primenjenog opraÅ”ivaÄa. IzmeÄu primenjenih opraÅ”ivaÄa utvrÄene su veoma znaÄajne razlike u broju zametnutih plodova 21 dan nakon opraÅ”ivanja, a znaÄajne u odnosu na broj ubranih plodova. U poreÄenju sa slobodnim opraÅ”ivanjem, veÄi broj zametnutih plodova 21 dan nakon opraÅ”ivanja i veÄi broj ubranih plodova dobijen je kada su kao opraÅ”ivaÄi koriÅ”Äene sorte Stenli (17,0%; 7,6%) i Italijanka (14,6%; 6,9%) pa se ove sorte mogu preporuÄiti kao dobri opraÅ”ivaÄi za sortu ÄaÄanska najbolja
Preferenca Trihodinida (Ciliata, Peritrichia) detektovanih na ribnjaÄkom Å”aranu prema pojedinim organima i neke morfoloÅ”ke implikacije
The present study describes the preference of Trichodinids for skin or gills of fish-pond carp. Differences in localization of trichodinids were analysed by the Mann-Whitney U and c2 tests. For histological examination gills were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and processed using standard techniques. Trichodinella epizootica and T. subtilis parasitised exclusively gills. The occurrence of Trichodina acuta was far more frequent on the skin and that preference appeared to be statistically significant. Trichodina nobilis was found on both skin and gills with a significant preference for skin Trichodina nigra was found on both target organs. Trichodinella epizootica damaged the gill epithelia and induced enforced mucous secretion.U ovom radu su izneti rezultati ispitivanja preference nekih trihodinida prema koži ili Å”krgama ribnjaÄkog Å”arana. Razlika u lokalizaciji analizirana je uz pomoÄ Mann-Whitney U i c2 testa. Za histoloÅ”ka ispitivanja Å”krge su fiksirane u 4% formaldehidu i dalje preparovane standardnim tehnikama. Trichodinella epizootica i T. subtilis parazitiraju iskljuÄivo na Å”krgama. Prisustvo vrste Trichodina acuta je statistiÄki znaÄajno ÄeÅ”Äe na koži nego na Å”krgama. Trichodina nobilis je statistiÄki znaÄajno viÅ”e zastupljena na koži nego na Å”krgama, dok je vrsta Trichodina nigra prisutna u sliÄnom procentu na oba organa. UtvrÄeno je da vrsta Trichodinella epizootica oÅ”teÄuje Å”kržni epitel i uzrokuje pojaÄanu sekreciju mukusa
Immunoreactive neuropeptides in the cells of human thymus
The study was designed to explore the expression of different neuropeptides, viz. vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), bombesin and motilin in the cells of fetal and adult human thymus. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that cortical and medullary thymocytes were labeled by all antibodies, except those specific for motilin. Immunoreactive VIP and SP were observed in the solitary epithelial cells located in the subcapsular/subtrabecular cortex, at the corticomedullary junction and in the medulla. The cells within the subcapsular/subtrabecular monolayer, rare solitary cells in the deep cortex and epithelial cell network in the medulla, were labeled with antibodies to CGRP and bombesin. Hassall's corpuscles were labeled with all antibodies except that specific for SP. The obtained data obtained testify to the expression of different neuropeptides in human thymic lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells and suggest a role for neuroendocrine hormone-mediated mechanisms in the regulation of thymic homeostasis in humans
Odnos funkcionalne sposobnosti polena i stepena zametanja plodova u vinove loze (Vitis sp.)
In this paper, pollen functional ability of the cultivars Chardonnay Smederevka and SV 12-375, used as the male parent, for pollination of the cultivar Bagrina, as the female parent, was investigated. Free pollination of the cultivar Bagrina was observed as well as controlled pollination. Satisfactory pollen germination in vitro was established for the cultivars SV 12-375 (76.65%) and Smederevka (66.08%), while the cultivar Chardonnay had low pollen germination (20.88%). An association between pollen functional ability of the pollinizers and fruit set degree was determined for the cultivar Bagrina. Cultivars SV 12-375 and Smederevka were suitable pollinizers for the cultivar Bagrina.U ovom radu prouÄavana je funkcionalna sposobnost polena sorti Å ardone Smederevka i SV 12-375 koje su koriÅ”Äene u svojstvu oca za opraÅ”ivanje sorte Bagrina koja je koriÅ”Äena u svojstvu majke. Pored kontrolisanog opraÅ”ivanja praÄeno je i slobodno opraÅ”ivanje sorte Bagrina. Funkcionalna sposobnost polena utvrÄena je metodom bojenja acetokarminom i metodom in vitro naklijavanja. Stepen oplodnje ustanovljen je na osnovu broja zametnutih plodova i broja ubranih plodova. Sve ispitivane sorte pokazale su visok procenat obojenih polenovih zrna (preko 75,00%). ZadovoljavajuÄa klijavost polena in vitro utvrÄena je kod sorti SV 12-375 (76,65%) i Smederevka (66,08%), dok je kod sorte Å ardone utvrÄena niska klijavost polena (20,88%). NajveÄi broj zametnutih plodova i broj ubranih plodova ustanovljen je kao rezultat slobodnog opraÅ”ivanja (51,43%; 36,94%). Od prouÄavanih kombinacija kontrolisanog opraÅ”ivanja najmanji broj zametnutih plodova i broj ubranih plodova imala je kombinacija Bagrina x Å ardone (29,32%; 15,93%). NajveÄi broj zametnutih plodova dobijen je u kombinaciji Bagrina x SV 12-375 (39,10%), a najveÄi broj ubranih plodova dobijen je u kombinaciji Bagrina x Smederevka (23,90%). Ustanovljena je zavisnost izmeÄu funkcionalne sposobnosti polena sorti opraÅ”ivaÄa i stepena zametanja plodova sorte Bagrina. Dobri opraÅ”ivaÄi za sortu Bagrina bile su sorte SV 12-375 i Smederevka
GenetiÄka divergentnost klonova OblaÄinske viÅ”nje (Prunus ceratus L.)
Based on examination of 10 important pomologic and technologic properties, genetic divergence of 10 selected OblaÄinska sour cherry clones was established. The genetic divergence between the analyzed clones was determined using the hierarchical cluster analysis. The UPGA method was used and the Euclidean distance in order to determine the difference between the groups. Four similar clone groups were obtained on the dendrogram. The objective of clone differentiation was primarily yield, although other properties were taken into account as well. As the most yielded clones for the production, that can be recommended, were clone D8 or clone D4 that are genetically very similar, and clone D3.OblaÄinska viÅ”nja predstavlja sortu populaciju koja obuhvata veliki broj formi razliÄitih po bujnosti, rodnosti, vremenu sazrevanja, krupnoÄi, boji i kvalitetu plodova. PoÅ”to OblaÄinska viÅ”nja nije jedan klon veÄ smeÅ”a velikog broja klonova (genotipova) nameÄe se potreba izdvajanja genetiÄki divergentnih formi za eksploataciju i dalji oplemenjivaÄki rad. U ovom radu prikazani su rezultati analize 10 selekcionisanih klonova OblaÄinske viÅ”nje. Ogled je izveden na OD "Radmilovac" Poljoprivrednog fakulteta u Beogradu. Tokom trogodiÅ”njeg perioda istraživanja analizirane su sledeÄe osobine: vreme sazrevanja, prinos, masa ploda, masa koÅ”tice, randman, dužina peteljke ploda, sadržaj rastvorljivih suvih materija, sadržaj ukupnih Å”eÄera, sadržaj invertnih Å”eÄera i sadržaj ukupnih kiselina. GenetiÄka divergentnost izmeÄu prouÄavanih klonova ustanovljena je primenom hijerarhijske klaster analize. KoriÅ”Äenje UPGA metod, pri Äemu je razlika izmeÄu grupa izražena preko Euklideanovog rastojanja. Na dobijenom dendrogramu izdvojeno je Äetiri grupe srodnih klonova. Razdvajanje klonova u grupe bilo je prvenstveno u funkciji njihovog prinosa, mada su uticaj na razdvajanje imale i ostale prouÄavane osobine. Kao najprinosniji za proizvodnu praksu mogu se preporuÄiti klon D8 ili klon D4 koji su genetiÄki veoma bliski i klon D3
Genetic divergence of OblaÄinska sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) clones
Based on examination of 10 important pomologic and technologic properties, genetic divergence of 10 selected OblaÄinska sour cherry clones was established. The genetic divergence between the analyzed clones was determined using the hierarchical cluster analysis. The UPGA method was used and the Euclidean distance in order to determine the difference between the groups. Four similar clone groups were obtained on the dendrogram. The objective of clone differentiation was primarily yield, although other properties were taken into account as well. As the most yielded clones for the production, that can be recommended, were clone D8 or clone D4 that are genetically very similar, and clone D3
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