Risk Aspects of Online Activities in Victims of Cyberbullying

This study focuses on the risks of online activity within the social network sites used by primary and secondary school pupils, with regard to bullying in cyberspace. Questionnaires were used to collect the empirical data. In the first scale, an exploratory factor analysis related to the online activity of pupils was used. It indicated four factors, namely: passive use of social networking sites, active communication on social networking sites, access to high-risk media content, and searching for self-development media content. In the second scale that focused on the forms of cyberbullying, two factors were indicated, namely: bullying through online communication and bullying through visual aggression. The study identified 189 respondents out of 931 pupils from the research sample who had been repeatedly cyberbullied. The research was conducted with pupils of secondary schools and high schools in the Slovak Republic. A relationship between the frequency types of social networking sites’ usage and the extent of bullying in cyberspace was observed. The research confirmed the existence of a direct dependence between the frequency of active communication on social networking sites and the extent of bullying through online communication. No statistically significant connection was confirmed between the other factors

Forms of Cyber-bullying from the Aspect of Cyber-victims – Elementary and Secondary School Pupils

The Internet and cyber-space create a platform where a new form has emerged, i.e., bullying, so far occurring mainly within school premises. The study presents results of empirical research conducted at selected elementary and secondary schools in Slovakia in 2017. The aim of the study was to elucidate the most frequent current cyber-bullying platforms and occurrence of individual forms of cyber-bullying with regard to cyber-victims. The research sample consisted of 1004 respondents, aged 10–20 (AM 14.9). Empirical data were collected using the method of questioning in the form of a written questionnaire. We focused on cyber-bullies, electronic platforms and identification of cyber-bullying forms from the point of view of cyber-victims and pupils’ gender and age. It was found out that 24.50% of pupils reported to have been cyber-victimized, girls more often than boys. The most frequent form of cyber-bullying from the point of view of cyber-victims was abusive or offensive language on the Internet and spreading rumours on the Internet

Pupils’ Aggressive Behaviour towards Teachers in Elementary Schools in Slovakia

Pupils’ aggressive behaviour towards teachers is a serious educational problem prompting social need for its solution in the school environment. The present research study aims to monitor the current state of pupils’ aggressive behaviour towards teachers. The study is of a theoretical-empirical nature. At the theoretical level, the issue is relatively little treated in the Slovak professional literature. It is paid more attention by foreign authors. The empirical section of the study presents results of our research conducted in Slovakia in 2016 among teachers of the elementary school second level in the Banská Bystrica and Žilina regions, as well as among professional staff at centres for pedagogical counselling and prevention. The research paid special attention to forms of aggressive behaviour, gender differences and causes of these serious behavioural disorders in pupils. Pupils’ aggressive behaviour towards teachers may have a variety of forms of which the verbal form such as back-talking and vulgarisms towards teachers is the most frequent. Gender differences recorded in pupils’ aggressive behaviour towards teachers showed the prevalence of boys. From the aspect of causes of pupils’ aggressive behaviour towards teachers, those were mainly improper parenting and a lack of teacher authority

Religious Education as a Platform for Pupils’ Social Development and Prevention of Internet Addiction: The Case of Slovakia

The authors present changes in the content and teaching methods of religious education (RE) in the third decade of the 21st century, as proposed by the current curricular reform of compulsory education in Slovakia. First, they analyse the reform documents in terms of social competence development as one of the RE content requirements. Second, they seek a teaching methodology that applies a balanced approach to the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) while protecting RE pupils and their building of healthy human relationships from the potential threat of digital addiction. The authors based their teaching ideas on the findings from their research. To explore the relationship between addictive Internet behaviour and social intelligence, they used a questionnaire including the Internet Addiction Test and the TSIS Scale. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. Data on 386 adolescent respondents revealed a statistically significant difference between males and females in social awareness, with males performing significantly better. A weak positive relationship (ρ = 0.240) was identified between social awareness and addictive Internet behaviour. In the discussion, the authors suggest teaching methods for developing social competence via RE without resisting the opportunities provided by ICT, while also avoiding an increase in the risk of online social media addiction. They suggest that even denominational RE should prioritize cultivating healthy relationships not only with God but also relationships with other people, the outside world, and oneself

SAMOOCENA DZIECI Z ZESPOŁEM DZIECKA MALTRETOWANEGO

The right not to be exposed to domestic violence or the threat of domestic violence is a basic and universal human right. Each form of violence has long-term consequences for the psychological and physical health of the victim. Children’s violence and CAN syndrome is a complex and very complex phenomenon that includes individual, family, social, moral and ethical factors. The health consequences can be of different kinds: mental health damage, permanent fear, depression, anxiety, low self-confidence, self-esteem. The aim of our research through the Rosenberg Self-Assessment Scale and the T.S.E. CSEI (Self-Esteem inventory) was to detect differences in self-esteem and self-esteem in children with CAN syndrome and children without CAN syndrome. We found a lower level of self-esteem and self-esteem in children with CAN syndrome, as well as a lower level of self-assessment in CAN-boys as in boys.Prawo do niepoddawania się przemocy domowej lub groźbie przemocy domowej jest podstawowym i powszechnym prawem człowieka. Każda forma przemocy ma długoterminowe konsekwencje dla zdrowia psychicznego i fizycznego ofiary. Przemoc i jej skutki u dzieci, tzw. zespół dziecka maltretowanego, to zjawisko złożone, obejmujące czynniki indywidualne, rodzinne, społeczne, moralne i etyczne. Zespół ten może wywoływać też określone konsekwencje zdrowotne, np. zaburzenia zdrowia psychicznego, występowanie ciągłego strachu, depresję, lęk, niską pewność siebie, obniżone poczucie własnej wartości. Celem naszych badań, prowadzonych za pomocą Skali Samooceny Rosenberga i T.S.E. CSEI (Self-Esteem Inventory) było wykrycie różnic w samoocenie i poczuciu własnej wartości u dzieci z zespołem CAN w porównaniu z dziećmi, u których ten syndrom nie występuje. Odkryłyśmy, iż w grupie dzieci z zespołem dziecka maltretowanego występuje niższy poziom poczucia własnej wartości, a ponadto u chłopców z tym zespołem występuje niższy poziom samooceny w porównaniu z chłopcami z grupy kontrolnej

Social Media and Body Image from the Perspective of Secondary School Youth

The study aimed to map the prevalence of social media disorder in secondary school youth. We used an abbreviated version of the Social Media Disorder Scale (SMD) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-16B). The reliability of the questionnaires used in the research, indicates that they have sufficient internal consistency. A total of 637 re-respondents participated in the study. Their ages ranged from 15 to 19 years (AM=16.63). The results of the study showed social media impairment in 11.1% of the respondents, confirming a statistically significant difference in terms of the gender of the adolescents in favour of girls, and in terms of the degree of concern about their appearance, in favour of those who are more concerned about their appearance. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference in the degree of concern about their appearance in terms of gender, was confirmed in favour of girls

Smartpone Addictive Behaviour in Adolescents

The aim of the contribution was to map the degree of smartphone addiction in adolescents by means of The Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV) short version designed by Kwon et al. (2013). The construct validity of the research tool was established by exploratory factor analysis. A unidimentional solution appeared suitable to work with. The internal consistency of the scale was determined by Cronbach’s alpha (0.831). 519 respondents aged 12 to 25 years (AM = 19.41; SD = 3.83) participated in the research. A statistically significant difference was confirmed in the degree of adolescents’ smartphone addiction by gender in favour of women, and by age, at which respondents got their first smartphones, in favour of those who got their smartphone at a younger age. The effect size of differences was weak. No statistically significant difference showed in the degree of smartphone addiction by school type attended by adolescents