The efficacy of emotionality factor of HEXACO-PI-R on screening of depressive and anxiety disorder (mixed) in university students

زمینه و هدف: با توجه به کمبود ابزارهای روانشناختی در کشور، تهیه ابزارهای معتبر برای غربالگری اختلالات روانی در کشور ایران امری ضروری تلقی می شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی کارایی پرسشنامه عامل هیجان پذیری آزمون شش عاملی شخصیت (HEXACO-PI-R) در غربالگری اختلال افسردگی و اضطراب مخلوط انجام شده است. روش بررسی: 80 نفر از مراجعین به مراکز مشاوره دانشجویی دانشگاه های اصفهان و صنعتی اصفهان که بر اساس چک لیست مصاحبه بالینی بر اساس ملاک های تشخیصی (ICD-10)، مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی و اضطراب مخلوط بودند و 80 نفر از دانشجویان عادی با استفاده از عامل هیجان پذیری آزمون HEXACO-PI-R مورد بررسی و ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. داده ها به کمک آزمون های آماری باکس و تحلیل تمایزات تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: تحلیل آماری با روش تحلیل تمایزات نشان داد که نقطه برش عامل هیجان پذیری آزمون HEXACO-PI-R برابر با 5/93 می باشد. میانگین نمرات عامل هیجان پذیری دانشجویان مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی و اضطراب مخلوط به طور معنی داری بیشتر از دانشجویان غیر مبتلا بود (006/0=P). در این پژوهش حساسیت و ویژگی آزمون به ترتیب 8/93 و 5/77 بود. نتیجه گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که عامل هیجان پذیری آزمون HEXACO-PI-R را می توان به عنوان یک ابزار معتبر در غربالگری اختلال افسردگی و اضطراب مخلوط مورد استفاده قرارداد. علاوه بر این، استفاده از این آزمون در پیشگیری اولیه و بهداشت روانی جهت پیش بینی بروز اختلالات در بزرگسالی، حائز اهمیت است

Comparison of effect of Lavandula officinalis and venlafaxine in treating depression: A double blind clinical trial

Introduction: Major depressive disorder is a chronic disease which may be associated with other mental illnesses. Lavandula officinalis and venlafaxine, herbal and chemical drugs respectively, are used to treat depression. Despite pharmacotherapy, major depressive disorder has a complicated pattern of resistance and recurrence. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of L. officinalis and venlafaxine in treating depression. Materials and Methods: For this study, 120 patients referred to the psychiatry clinic of the Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran, were randomly selected. The participants were randomly assigned to three groups: venlafaxine (Control Group), venlafaxine + L. officinalis (L. officinalis Group), and venlafaxine + placebo (Placebo Group). All the patients underwent treatment for six weeks. Depression test was administered to the three groups at different time intervals before the treatment, four weeks after the treatment and at completion of the treatment. The data were analysed by SPSS version17.0. Results: Depression scores of all the groups decreased over time (p=0.001). The depression scores were significantly different between the control and L. officinalis groups (p=0.004), and the control and placebo groups (p=0.002), but were not significantly different between the L. officinalis and placebo groups (p=0.95). Conclusion: Adding L. officinalis or a placebo is equally effective in decreasing mean depression score and venlafaxine obviously decreased this score

Efficay of consoling guidelines on decreasing of psychological problems of newly arrived students of Shahrekord university of medical sciences

زمینه و هدف: استرس ها یا فشارهای عصبی در هر محیطی واکنش های غیر اختصاصی ارگانیسم را موجب می شوند و ضرورت تغییر و تحول را در روند معمولی زندگی به دنبال دارند. با توجه به اینکه محیط دانشگاه می تواند حاوی عوامل استرس زا از قبیل دور شدن از محیط خانواده، مسائل مالی، مشکلات ارتباطی و غیره باشد و لزوم توجه و کاهش استرس در بین دانشجویان را می طلبد، این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر راهبردهای مشاوره ای بر کاهش مشکلات روانشناختی دانشجویان جدید الورود (80-79) دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد انجام گرفت. روش بررسی: این مطالعه یک تحقیق نیمه تجربی است که بر روی تعداد 40 نفر از 148 نفر دانشجویان جدید الورودی که به روش سرشماری انتخاب شده بودند و در آزمون اولیه با استفاده از پرسشنامه GHQ-28، نمره 23 و بالاتر از آن را کسب نمودند انجام شد. نمونه ها به روش تصادفی به دو گروه مورد و شاهد تقسیم شدند. سلامت روانی هر دو گروه به مدت 3 ماه بدون انجام هر گونه مداخله ارزیابی گردید و سپس گروه مورد به مدت 4 ماه تحت آموزش راهبردهای مشاوره ای قرار گرفت و نتایج حاصل از پرسشنامه مورد نظر با استفاده از آزمونهای آماری ANOVA، t-test و Dankan تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. یافته ها: نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد 1/81 نمونه ها دختر و 9/18 پسر بودند. میانگین نمرات کل در گروه مورد قبل از مداخله 14/3±60/23، بعد از مداخله 01/3±90/14 بود (001/0

Native medicinal plants of Iran effective on memory and learning: A review

Memory and learning are considered as the most important functional levels of central nervous system (CNS) which helps to encode, store, retain, and recall information in the brain. Since the role of medicinal plants in learning and memory has attracted the attention of many researchers. Therefore, the aim of this review article is to report the native medicinal plants of Iran that are used for memory and learning. According to the findings, Rosmarinus officinale, Ficus carica, Melissa officinalis, Silybum marianum, Glycine max, Nigella sativa, Cannabis sativa, Origanum vulgare L., and Boswellia spp. are some of the native medicinal plants of Iran that are used to improve memory and learning. The mechanism actions of these plants are not fully understood but they could be effective on learning and memory due to their phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activities. © 2016, Sphinx Knowledge House. All rights reserved

The effect of Lavandula angustifolia in the treatment of mild to moderate depression

زمینه و هدف: برخی از گیاهان دارویی سالهاست که در طب سنتی برای درمان بسیاری از بیماری‌ها از جمله افسردگی و اضطراب به کار می‌روند. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین اثر مصرف اسطوخودوس بر افسردگی بیماران مصرف کننده سیتالوپرام انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی 80 بیمار سرپایی مراجعه کننده به کلینیک روانپزشکی بیمارستان هاجر شهرکرد که طبق مصاحبه ساختار یافته و پرسشنامه هامیلتون معیارهای ابتلا به افسردگی اساسی را داشتند وارد مطالعه شده و به شکل تصادفی به دو گروه شاهد و مورد تقسیم شدند. در گروه شاهد، قرص سیتالوپرام 20 میلی‌گرمی همراه با 2 لیوان آب‌ و نبات به عنوان پلاسبو دو بار در روز و در گروه مورد علاوه بر20 میلی گرم سیتالوپرام، معادل 5 گرم اندام هوایی خشک شده اسطوخودوس دو بار در روز در دو نوبت صبح و شب به شکل جوشانده همراه با نبات تجویز شد. بیماران بعد از 4 و 8 هفته از آغاز مطالعه با تکمیل فرم پرسشنامه هامیلتون و فرم عوارض درمانی پیگیری شدند. داده ها به کمک آزمون های آماری student t،-t زوجی و کای دو تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها: بعد از 4 هفته میانگین افسردگی با مقیاس افسردگی هامیلتون در دو گروه شاهد و مورد به ترتیب 5/3±5/17 و 6/3±2/15 بود (05/0

Dental Health Status of Schizophrenic Patients in the Chronic Psychiatric Care Center in the Province of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiyary

Objective: Schizophrenia is a chronic disease . Schizophrenic patients are unable in personal fuction and self care such as dental health. Especially, side effects of anti– psych otic drugs cause some dental problems in the patient . Also dental problems may lead to some disease , so it is necessary to play full attention to dental health condition in schizophrenic patients. The aim of study was assessing the dental health status of schizophrenic patients confined in chronic psychiatric care center on Chaharmahal & Bakhtiyari. Materials & Methods: This survey is an analytical descriptive and cross-sectional study, 123 schizophrenic patients are assessed in 2008. The data was collected through interview, (using the Scale for the assessment of positive and negative symptom (SAPS and SANS), Decayed, Missed, Filled Teeth index (DMFT, Gingival index) and demographic questionnaire. Quantities analysis of data was undertaken by using X 2, Man vetney test and Pearson r test . Results: The mean of DMFT was 19.43±7.71. There was a significant correlation between age, smoking history and cigarettes per day, oral hygiene condition and other negative symptoms and average DMFT (P&le0.05). Also there was a significant correlation between the severity of periodentitis and sex, history of smoking, number of smoked cigarettes per day, previous hospital admission and average of negative and positive symptoms. No significant correlation between the severity of periodentitis and mean DMFT (P&le0.05) was seen. Conclusion: Results of the study demonstrated that dental health of people with schizophrenia is poor

Attitudes of medical students in Shahrekord university of medical sciences towards psychiatry

Background: There is a dearth of literature in the Iranian context about medical students' attitude towards psychiatry and their desire to choose psychiatry as a career in future. Commonalities and differences in the attitudes of male and female medical students towards psychiatry and their interest in psychiatry were the themes of this study. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, we screened the entire 1127 medical students registered at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran, during the academic year of 2011-12. The 29-item attitude towards psychiatry scale (ATP-30) (Burra et al.) was used. The reliability of the scale (Cron-bach's alpha) has been calculated as 0.712. About 83 of the students (n = 130) returned the completed questionnaires. We used SPSS16 to analyze the data by descriptive and analytical tests including student-t, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Turkey's post hoc test, and linear regression. Findings: Female students held more positive attitudes toward psychiatry compared to their male counterparts. However, post hoc Tukey test results confirmed no significant differences between male and female students at the basic science of any of the studied component. Linear regression test showed that among all components of the attitude scale, the component of Individual rewards and occupational opportunities of psychiatry had a greater share in shaping students' attitudes toward psychiatry. However, all the five subscales of ATP-30 could only explain 0.09 of the students' interest in psychiatry. Conclusion: Gender differences play a key role in forming the attitudes of medical students towards psychiatry. However, they are subjected to numerous social, familial, economic and situational considerations which make the effects of gender insignificant. It might be a good idea to assess the attitudes of candidates towards psychiatry at the time of admission. Female candidates might also be preferred in this field

Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training and drug therapy on quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Shahrekord

Abstract: Background: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects 20-10 percent of the population. The current research is performed to compare the effectiveness of two methods of Mindfulnessbased stress reduction training and drug therapy on quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. methods used: In this research, randomized clinical trial had three phases: pre-test, post-test and 4 months after the last intervention (follow up) was performed. The Sample consisted of 30 IBS-D patients were randomly selected according to Rome-II, III criteria and divided into two groups of mindfulness-based stress reduction training and drug therapy. The collected data were analyzed using Ancova test. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between Mindfulness-based stress reduction training and drug therapy group in quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in post-test and follow up stage (p<0/05). Conclusion: The rapists should consider modern psychotherapy techniques such as Mindfulness-based stress reduction training therapy as potential methods for Improve the quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. [Kamal Solati Dehkordi, Masoud Nikfarjam, Somaye Sanaei. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training and drug therapy on quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Shahrekord

The effect of Occupational Satisfaction in Mobarakeh Steel Company Employees

Today's human resources play an important role in achievement of society's affair and there is a closely relationship between socio - economical improvements and occupational satisfaction. Occupational satisfaction refers to positive feelings and views people who have to their occupation. This study was undertaken to investigate the impact of occupational satisfaction in Steel Mobarake employees. Statistical society of this cross-sectional study consisted of 6500 employees in Steel MobarakeCo. The study was carried out using online questionnaire. Data analyzed by SPSS software. Findings showed that almost in all scales of occupational satisfaction in comparison with 2010 was observed a striking increase. This study shows that there is a negative relationship between occupational satisfaction and employees' educational degrees as well. Since employees' satisfaction plays an important role in their effectiveness in society and workplace, it is important to consider their willing, because there is a closely relationship between motivation and occupational satisfaction. Palahang H, Soltani I, Nikfarjam M, Sharifi A. The effect of Occupational Satisfaction in Mobarakeh Steel Company Employees. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):5553-5557] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 82