Money in Islamic banking system

The idea of revisiting currency and the gold dinar from an Islamic standpoint is an interesting topic of discussion in the context of the current monetary system. This chapter examines the historical aspects and supremacy of a gold currency and the weakness of fiat money using a maslahah-mafsadah approach. It considers some possible alternative forms of gold as money and then discusses some obstacles and barriers in the hope of finding a model of gold as money to implement in the current economic system. A deductive method is used to explore the implementation of a gold currency based on historical study and library research. The findings reveal that money is not limited to gold and silver. However, by deriving new law from original law process, the law (hukm) of gold or silver as money is permissible

Photocatalytic activity of hydrothermally synthesized Al2O3graphene nanocomposite

In this study, Al2O3-graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) nanocomposite was evaluated on its properties and performance towards methyl orange (MO) dye. Al2O3-GNP nanocomposite was prepared by conventional hydrothermal at 200°C for 24 h. The result showed the crystallite size of Al2O3 is decreased and internal strain increased with the increased GNP content. The particle size of nanocomposite becomes larger with the increment GNP amount in the nanocomposite. Nanocomposite with lower graphene contents (20 wt%) and higher Al2O3 contents performed (80 wt%) the optimum for the MO absorption with efficiency of 75% in visible light

Factors associated with adherence to low protein diet among patients with stage III-V of chronic kidney disease in an outpatient clinic at Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah

Introduction: Although the benefit of low protein diet (LPD) on chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression is well documented, patients’ adherence remains as the main challenge. Therefore, this study sought to identify adherence towards LPD among CKD patients and determine possible associating factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at the Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah in Muar, Johor, among stage III to V CKD patients. Three-day dietary recalls were used to quantify dietary energy (DEI) and protein intake (DPI). Factors investigated include socio demographic characteristics, medical history, anthropometry and body composition measurements, dietary knowledge, appetite level, handgrip strength, perceived stress, and health locus of control. Associating variables were analysed with logistic regression analysis. Results: The final analysis included 113 patients (54% male) with a mean estimated glomerular filtration rate of 17.5±11.2mL/min/1.73m2 and the average age of 56.3±12.8 years. Mean DEI and DPI were 22.4±5.9kcal/kg/day and 0.83±0.28g/kg/day, respectively. Only 34.5% of patients adhere to the LPD diet with 59% exceeding the DPI recommendation. Poorer LPD adherence was associated with longer duration of hospitalization (OR 0.707, 95%CI 0.50-1.00, p=0.048), higher energy intake (OR 0.744, 95%CI 0.65-0.85, p<0.001), advance CKD stage (OR 0.318, 95%CI 0.13-0.77, p=0.012) and having better dietary knowledge (OR 0.380, 95%CI 0.17- 0.85, p=0.018). Conclusion: LPD adherence of CKD patients in our institution is very poor signifying the need for engagement at the earlier stage of CKD to identify and stratify the patients for a targeted dietary intervention

Factors associated with adherence to low protein diet among patients with stage III-V of chronic kidney disease in an outpatient clinic at Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah

Introduction: Although the benefit of low protein diet (LPD) on chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression is well documented, patients’ adherence remains as the main challenge. Therefore, this study sought to identify adherence towards LPD among CKD patients and determine possible associating factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at the Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah in Muar, Johor, among stage III to V CKD patients. Three-day dietary recalls were used to quantify dietary energy (DEI) and protein intake (DPI). Factors investigated include socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, anthropometry and body composition measurements, dietary knowledge, appetite level, handgrip strength, perceived stress, and health locus of control. Associating variables were analysed with logistic regression analysis. Results: The final analysis included 113 patients (54% male) with a mean estimated glomerular filtration rate of 17.5±11.2mL/min/1.73m2 and the average age of 56.3±12.8 years. Mean DEI and DPI were 22.4±5.9kcal/kg/day and 0.83±0.28g/kg/day, respectively. Only 34.5% of patients adhere to the LPD diet with 59% exceeding the DPI recommendation. Poorer LPD adherence was associated with longer duration of hospitalization (OR 0.707, 95%CI 0.50-1.00, p=0.048), higher energy intake (OR 0.744, 95%CI 0.65-0.85, p <0.001), advance CKD stage (OR 0.318, 95%CI 0.13-0.77, p=0.012) and having better dietary knowledge (OR 0.380, 95%CI 0.17-0.85, p=0.018). Conclusion: LPD adherence of CKD patients in our institution is very poor signifying the need for engagement at the earlier stage of CKD to identify and stratify the patients for a targeted dietary intervention