Análisis de la calidad de vida en madres puérperas

La calidad de vida en madres puérperas es un tema de reciente interés, con pocos referentes, a pesar de ser una condición vital de las personas y ahora con el nuevo ser que ha llegado. Por tal motivo el objetivo que se planteo fue determinar cuáles son los indicadores de bienestar subjetivo y objetivo que perciben las madres en este periodo llevar a cabo dicha investigación se utilizo la escala de Percepción de la Calidad de Vida -WBI- creada por Cummins (2003). Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que las mujeres en el período postparto inmediato evalúan su vida en general como muy satisfecha. Asimismo, se puede observar que los indicadores de bienestar subjetivo están por encima de los del bienestar objetivo. Esto se debe a que las percepciones de las madres acerca de su salud física, emocional y social influyen en su capacidad para desarrollar los recursos internos. Y que dicha satisfacción con los indicadores de la dimensión subjetiva en forma positiva representa la evaluación del mundo interno que hacen las madres en el período postparto inmediato (Coyle, 2009).Quality of life in puerperal mothers is a very interesting topic but with few researches. For these reason the objective of this text is determinate the main indicators of subjective well-being, using Perception Quality of Life Scale –WBI-created by Cummins (2003). The results show women immediately after birth evaluate life as a “satisfactory”. The indicators of subjective well-being are higher than objective wellbeing. It could be because perceptions of mothers about physical, emotional and social health influence capacity to develop personality compounds. The satisfaction with indicators of subjective dimension in positive way represents internal world evaluation that mothers make immediately after birth (Coyle, 2009).Fil: Nieri, Liliana Paola. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Metas de aprendizaje y rasgos de personalidad como predictores del bienestar en cadetes de una institución policial

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether academic motivation and personality traits predict the welfare of police cadets, while analyzing differences in well-being according to sex and age. The sample consisted of 411 cadets with an average age of 24.08 years (SD = 3.18) belonging to a state police institution. The instruments used were BFI (Big Five Inventory), EMA – M (Learning Goal Scale), MHC– SF (Mental Health Continuum - Short Form) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results obtained showed that the greatest positive predictors of well-being were extraversion (t = 3.412; ß = .157; p < .01); pleasantness (t = 2,901; ß =.144; p < .01); responsibility (t = 3.851; ß = 195; p < .01) and goals in relation to learning and mastery of knowledge (t = 2.446; ß = .103; p <.05). Similarly, it was found that the only negative predictor was the personality trait neuroticism (t = -3.555; ß = -.184; p < .01). Likewise, it was found that there are statistically significant differences in the social well-being (t(410 ) =  1.816, p < .05) between men and women. Finally, it was found that the psychological well-being varied according to age (F(2,411),  p < .05) where the older age group presented higher levels of psychological well-being. In terms of total well-being (F(2,411), p < .05), it was found that the greater the age, the greater the total well-being. In view of the results obtained, it can be affirmed that both the personality and the motivation for learning are variables that predict the total well-being of the students. Likewise, it is recorded that levels of well-being vary according to gender and age.La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo investigar si la motivación académica y los rasgos de personalidad predicen el bienestar de los cadetes de policía, a la vez que se analizaron diferencias en el bienestar según sexo y edad. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 411 cadetes con una media de edad de 24.08 años (DT = 3.18) pertenecientes a una institución policial estatal. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: el BFI (Big Five Inventory), EMA – M (Escala de Metas de Aprendizaje), MHC-SF (Mental Health Continuum – Short Form) y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron comprobar que los mayores predictores positivos del bienestar fueron extraversión (t = 3.412; ß = .157; p < .01); agradabilidad (t = 2.901; ß = .144; p < .01); responsabilidad (t = 3.851; ß = .195; p < .001) y metas en relación con el aprendizaje y el dominio de los conocimientos (t = 2.446; ß = .103; p < .05). De igual manera se halló que el único predictor negativo fue el rasgo de personalidad neuroticismo (t = -3.555; ß = -.184; p < .01). Asimismo, se encontró que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la dimensión bienestar social (t(410) = 1.816; p <.05) entre hombres y mujeres. Finalmente, se halló que la dimensión bienestar psicológico variaba según edad (F(2,411); p < .05), donde el grupo de mayor edad presenta mayores niveles de bienestar psicológico. En cuanto al bienestar total (F (2,411); p < .05), se encontró que, a mayor edad, mayor es el bienestar total. En vista de los resultados obtenidos, puede afirmarse que tanto la personalidad como la motivación por el aprendizaje son variables que predicen el bienestar total de los estudiantes. Asimismo, se deja constancia que los niveles de bienestar varían en función del género y la edad

Luteolin Prevents Cardiometabolic Alterations and Vascular Dysfunction in Mice With HFD-Induced Obesity

Purpose: Luteolin exerts beneficial effects against obesity-associated comorbidities, although its influence on vascular dysfunction remains undetermined. We examined the effects of luteolin on endothelial dysfunction in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Methods: Standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were treated daily with luteolin intragastrically. After 8 weeks, body and epididymal fat weight, as well as blood cholesterol, glucose, and triglycerides were evaluated. Endothelium-dependent relaxations of resistance mesenteric vessels was assessed by a concentration-response curve to acetylcholine, repeated upon Nw-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) or ascorbic acid infusion to investigate the influence of nitric oxide (NO) availability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) on endothelial function, respectively. Intravascular ROS production and TNF levels were measured by dihydroethidium dye and ELISA, respectively. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), as well as microRNA-214-3p expression were examined by Western blot and RT-PCR assays, respectively. Results: HFD animals displayed elevated body weight, epididymal fat weight and metabolic indexes. Endothelium-dependent relaxation was resistant to L-NAME and enhanced by ascorbic acid, which restored also the inhibitory effect of L-NAME, suggesting a ROS-dependent reduction of NO availability in HFD vessels. Moreover, media-lumen ratio, intravascular superoxide anion and TNF levels were increased, while vascular eNOS, SOD1, and microRNA-214-3p expression were decreased. In HFD mice, luteolin counteracted the increase in body and epididymal fat weight, and metabolic alterations. Luteolin restored vascular endothelial NO availability, normalized the media-lumen ratio, decreased ROS and TNF levels, and normalized eNOS, SOD1 and microRNA-214-3p expression. Conclusion: Luteolin prevents systemic metabolic alterations and vascular dysfunction associated with obesity, likely through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms

Intake of Natural Compounds and Circulating microRNA Expression Levels: Their Relationship Investigated in Healthy Subjects With Different Dietary Habits

Diet has a strong influence on many physiological processes, which in turn have important implications on a variety of pathological conditions. In this respect, microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs playing a relevant epigenetic role in controlling gene expression, may represent mediators between the dietary intake and the healthy status. Despite great advances in the field of nutri-epigenomics, it remains unclear how miRNA expression is modulated by the diet and, specifically, the intake of specific nutrients. We investigated the whole circulating miRNome by small RNA-sequencing performed on plasma samples of 120 healthy volunteers with different dietary habits (vegans, vegetarians, and omnivores). Dietary intakes of specific nutrients were estimated for each subject from the information reported in the food-frequency questionnaire previously validated in the EPIC study. We focused hereby on the intake of 23 natural compounds (NCs) of the classes of lipids, micro-elements, and vitamins. We identified 78 significant correlations (rho > 0.300, p-value < 0.05) among the estimated daily intake of 13 NCs and the expression levels of 58 plasma miRNAs. Overall, vitamin D, sodium, and vitamin E correlated with the largest number of miRNAs. All the identified correlations were consistent among the three dietary groups and 22 of them were confirmed as significant (p-value < 0.05) by age-, gender-, and body-mass index-adjusted Generalized Linear regression Model analysis. miR-23a-3p expression levels were related with different NCs including a significant positive correlation with sodium (rho = 0.377) and significant negative correlations with lipid-related NCs and vitamin E. Conversely, the estimated intake of vitamin D was negatively correlated with the expression of the highest number of circulating miRNAs, particularly miR-1277-5p (rho = −0.393) and miR-144-3p (rho = −0.393). Functional analysis of the targets of sodium intake-correlated miRNAs highlighted terms related to cardiac development. A similar approach on targets of those miRNAs correlated with vitamin D intake showed an enrichment in genes involved in hormone metabolisms, while the response to chronic inflammation was among the top enriched processes involving targets of miRNAs negatively related with vitamin E intake. Our findings show that nutrients through the habitual diet influence circulating miRNA profiles and highlight that this aspect must be considered in the nutri-epigenomic research

Topical application of silymarin enhances cutaneous wound healing in rats

Abstract Wound healing in a short period with minimum side effects is one of the major goals of medical sciences. Silymarin, an extract from Silybum marianum, has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigates the wound healing activity of silymarin topical formulation in an in experimental model. A 875 mm2 (25 × 35 mm) full-thickness excision was made on the abdominal region of each rat by a surgical blade and the day on which the wound was made considered as day 0. Each rat was treated two times each day. On days 1,4, 8 and 12, the wound area was measured using precise caliber and camera imaging. On day 12, blood samples were collected for the analysis of antioxidant, malondialdehyde and estradiol levels. After 12 days of treatment, rats were sacrificed and abdominal region tissues used for histological analyses. The study showed that topical application of silymarin on wound in rats improved wound healing correlating with less redness, exudates and swelling. Furthermore, in serum of rats treated with silymarin ointment improved antioxidant and estradiol levels, while decreased malondialdehyde levels, a marker of oxidative stress. Histological analyses showed also an improve of novel blood vessels. This effect on angiogenesis correlated with improve nitric oxide synthase expression and epithelial cells after treatment with silymarin. Silymarin ointment represents a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of wounds through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties

Oleocanthal and oleacein contribute to the in vitro therapeutic potential of extra virgin oil-derived extracts in non-melanoma skin cancer

Although the anticancer properties of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) extracts have been recognized, the role of single compounds in non-melanoma skin cancer is still unknown. The in vitro chemopreventive and anticancer action of EVOO extracts and oil-derived compounds in non-melanoma skin cancer models were evaluated on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells and on immortalized human keratinocytes stimulated with epidermal growth factor. Preparation of EVOO extracts and isolation of single compounds was carried out by chromatographic methods. Antitumor activity was assessed by cell-based assays (cell viability, migration, clonogenicity, and spheroid formation) and apoptosis documented by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Finally, inhibition of key oncogenic signaling nodes involved in the progression from actinic keratosis to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma was studied by western blot. EVOO extracts reduced non-melanoma skin cancer cell viability and migration, prevented colony and spheroid formation, and inhibited proliferation of atypical keratinocytes stimulated with epidermal growth factor. Such a pharmacological activity was promoted by oleocanthal and oleacein through the inhibition of Erk and Akt phosphorylation and the suppression of B-Raf expression, whereas tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol did not have effect. The current study provides in vitro evidence for new potential clinical applications of EVOO extracts and/or single oil-derived compounds in the prevention and treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers