A Magnetic Transition Probed by the Ce Ion in Square-Lattice Antiferromagnet CeMnAsO

We examined the magnetic properties of the square-lattice antiferromagnets CeMnAsO and LaMnAsO and their solid solutions La1-xCexMnAsO by resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and heat capacity measurements below room temperature. A first-order phase transition is observed at 34.1 K, below which the ground-state doublet of the Ce ion splits by 3.53 meV. It is likely that Mn moments already ordered above room temperature are reoriented at the transition, as reported for related compounds, such as NdMnAsO and PrMnSbO. This transition generates a large internal magnetic field at the Ce site in spite of the fact that simple Heisenberg interactions should be cancelled out at the Ce site owing to geometrical frustration. The transition takes place at nearly the same temperature with the substitution of La for Ce up to 90%. The Ce moment does not undergo long-range order by itself, but is parasitically induced at the transition, serving as a good probe for detecting the magnetism of Mn spins in a square lattice.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jp

Spectroscopic Study of 75^{75}As and 139^{139}La NMR on Layered Structure Ferromagnet LaCoAsO

$^{75}$As and $^{139}$La field-swept NMR spectra were obtained for the novel weakly itinerant ferromagnet LaCoAsO with 2D layered structure above the Curie temperature of 55 K. By analyzing NMR spectra, temperature dependences of Knight shift $K$ and nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency $\nu_Q$ were obtained successfully for each nucleus. We confirmed from the so-called $K$-$\chi$ plots that the macroscopic magnetization of our {LaCoAsO} powder sample is intrinsic and does not contain the contribution from impurity phases. We estimated hyperfine coupling constants from the slope of $K$-$\chi$ plots and compared to that of iron-arsenide superconductor.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, published on J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. at Vol.79, pp.054703 (2010)

Crystallographic Phase Transition and High-Tc Superconductivity in LaFeAsO:F

Undoped LaFeAsO, parent compound of the newly found high-Tc superconductor, exhibits a sharp decrease in the temperature-dependent resistivity at ~160 K. The anomaly can be suppressed by F doping and the superconductivity appears correspondingly, suggesting a close associate of the anomaly with the superconductivity. We examined the crystal structures, magnetic properties and superconductivity of undoped (normal conductor) and 14 at.% F-doped LaFeAsO (Tc = 20 K) by synchrotron X-ray diffraction, DC magnetic measurements, and ab initio calculations to demonstrate that the anomaly is associated with a phase transition from tetragonal (P4/nmm) to orthorhombic (Cmma) phases at ~160 K as well as an antiferromagnetic transition at ~140 K. These transitions can be explained by spin configuration-dependent potential energy surfaces derived from the ab initio calculations. The suppression of the transitions is ascribed to interrelated effects of geometric and electronic structural changes due to doping by F- ions.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, Supplementary information is included at the end of the document, accepted for publication in Supercond. Sci. Techno

Chemistry of layered d-metal pnictide oxides and their potential as candidates for new superconductors

Layered d-metal pnictide oxides are a unique class of compounds which consists of characteristic d-metal pnictide layers and metal oxide layers. More than 100 of these layered compounds, including the recently discovered Fe-based superconducting pnictide oxides, can be classified into 9 structure types. These structure types and the chemical and physical properties of the characteristic d-metal pnictide layers and metal oxide layers of the layered d-metal pnictide oxides are reviewed and discussed. Furthermore, possible approaches to design new superconductors based on these layered d-metal pnictide oxides are proposed.Comment: 29 pages including 6 tables and 2 figure

Magnetic ordering in the ternary phosphide Tb2Fe12P7, Tb2Co12P7, Tb2Ni12P7 and Ho2Ni12P7

The ordering of the magnetic moments of the lanthanide atoms in the hexagonal phosphides Tb2T12P7 T Fe, Co, Ni and Ho2Ni12P7 has been investigated by SQUID measurements and neutron powder diffraction. In Tb2Co12P7 the magnetic moments of both the Tb3 ions and the cobalt atoms are ferromagnetically ordered below T c 150 K. In contrast to this compound, the transition metal atoms in Tb2Fe12P7, Tb2Ni12P7 and Ho2Ni12P7 carry virtually no magnetic moments. In Tb2Fe12P7 the terbium moments show below T N 4.5 5 K a triangular spin arrangement within the ab plane with the wave vector k 1 3, 1 3, 0 . For the lanthanide atoms in Tb2Ni12P7 and Ho2Ni12P7 a collinear antiferromagnetic order was found below T N 12.5 5 K and T N 10.0 5 K. C 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Rho kinase inhibition with Fasudil in SOD1(G93A) mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - symptomatic treatment potential after diesease onset

Despite an improved understanding of the genetic background and the pathomechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) no novel disease-modifying therapies have been successfully implemented in clinical routine. Riluzole still remains the only clinically approved substance in human ALS treatment with limited efficacy. We have previously identified pharmacological rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors as orally applicable substances in SOD1.G93A transgenic ALS mice (SOD1(G93A)), which are able to extend survival time and improve motor function after presymptomatic treatment. Here, we have evaluated the therapeutic effect of the orally administered ROCK inhibitor Fasudil starting at a symptomatic disease stage, more realistically reflecting the clinical situation. Oral Fasudil treatment was initiated at a symptomatic stage at 80 days of life (d80) with 30 or 100 mg/kg body weight in both female and male mice. While baseline neurological scoring and survival were not influenced, Fasudil significantly improved motor behavior in male mice. Spinal cord pathology of motoneurons (MN) and infiltrating microglial cells (MG) at disease end-stage were not significantly modified. Although treatment after symptom onset was less potent than treatment in asymptomatic animals, our study shows the therapeutic benefits of this well-tolerated substance, which is already in clinical use for other indications

Variable temperature study of the crystal and magnetic structures of the giant magnetoresistant materials LMnAsO(L = La, Nd)

A variable temperature neutron and synchrotron diffraction study have been performed on the giant magnetoresistant oxypnictides LnMnAsO (Ln = La, Nd). The low temperature magnetic structures have been studied and results show a spin reorientation of the Mn2+ spins below TN (Nd) for NdMnAsO. The Mn2+ spins rotate from alignment along c to alignment into the basal plane and the Mn2+ and Nd3+ moments refine to 3.54(4) \mu B and 1.93(4) \mu B respectively at 2 K. In contrast there is no change in magnetic structure with temperature for LaMnAsO. There is no evidence of a structural transition down to 2 K, however discontinuities in the cell volume, Ln-O and Mn-As bond lengths are detected at \sim 150 K for both materials. This temperature coincides with the electronic transition previously reported and suggests a coupling between electronic and lattice degrees of freedom