Rates of induced abortion in Denmark according to age, previous births and previous abortions

Background: Whereas the effects of various socio-demographic determinants on a woman’s risk of having an abortion are relatively well-documented, less attention has been given to the effect of previous abortions and births. Objective: To study the effect of previous abortions and births on Danish women’s risk of an abortion, in addition to a number of demographic and personal characteristics. Data and methods: From the Fertility of Women and Couples Dataset we obtained data on the number of live births and induced abortions by year (1981-2001), age (16-39), county of residence and marital status. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the influence of the explanatory variables on the probability of having an abortion in a relevant year. Main findings and conclusion: A woman’s risk of having an abortion increases with the number of previous births and previous abortions. Some interactions were was found in the way a woman’s risk of abortion varies with calendar year, age and parity. The risk of an abortion for women with no children decreases while the risk of an abortion for women with children increases over time. Furthermore, the risk of an abortion decreases with age, but relatively more so for women with children compared to childless women. Trends for teenagers are discussed in a separate section.abortion parity, abortion rates, family situation, fertility parity, urbanization

Middle-Upper Ordovician and Silurian stratigraphy and basin development in southernmost Scandinavia

A complete log-stratigraphical breakdown of the Middle Ordovician to lower Silurian shale-dominated succession is presented for the Bornholm–Skåne–Kattegat area in southernmost Scandinavia. A wireline log zonation developed for the onshore Bornholm Palaeozoic shales is extended to include the offshore Palaeozoic shales in the adjacent Rønne Graben. A complete log zonation scheme for the Cyrtograptus shale (late Llandovery–Wenlock) and the lower part of the Colonus shale (Ludlow) is presented including correlation within the Bornholm–Skåne–Kattegat area. The Cyrtograptus shale in the Bornholm area is estimated to be 400 m thick and marks the shift to a rapidly subsiding foreland basin, heralding the Caledonian Orogeny

The Lower Palaeozoic now fully cored and logged on Bornholm, Denmark

A 558 m long, complete section of the Lower Palaeozoic succession preserved onshore southern Bornholm has been compiled from five fully cored scientific wells, carried out between 2005 and 2012. The scientific programme included coring and geophysical logging of the five scientific wells that yielded a total of c. 750 m of partially overlapping cores as well as re-logging of water wells and acquisition of shallow seismic data. The last well drilled, the Sommerodde-1, cored the youngest preserved Silurian strata on Bornholm including strata not exposed in outcrops. The well penetrated 168.1 m of Silurian shales, 42.7 m of Upper Ordovician shales and 27.9 m of Alum Shale before it terminated at a depth of 250.3 m in the Lower Cambrian Norretorp Member of the Læså Formation. Th e Sommerodde-1 well documents that the Lower Silurian Cyrtograptus shale is at least 91.7 m thick and that the Rastrites shale is 76.4 m thick. The complete Lower Cambrian succession has previously been covered by the 316.0 m deep Borggård-1 well that terminated in basement rocks (Nielsen et al. 2006)

"At have sit liv forbrudt". Henrettelser på Roskilde-egnen

"At have sit liv forbrudt". Henrettelser på Roskilde-egne

A smoothing monotonic convergent optimal control algorithm for NMR pulse sequence design

The past decade has demonstrated increasing interests in using optimal control based methods within coherent quantum controllable systems. The versatility of such methods has been demonstrated with particular elegance within nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) where natural separation between coherent and dissipative spin dynamics processes has enabled coherent quantum control over long periods of time to shape the experiment to almost ideal adoption to the spin system and external manipulations. This has led to new design principles as well as powerful new experimental methods within magnetic resonance imaging, liquid-state and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. For this development to continue and expand, it is crucially important to constantly improve the underlying numerical algorithms to provide numerical solutions which are optimally compatible with implementation on current instrumentation and at same time are numerically stable and offer fast monotonic convergence towards the target. Addressing such aims, we here present a smoothing monotonically convergent algorithm for pulse sequence design in magnetic resonance which with improved optimization stability lead to smooth pulse sequence easier to implement experimentally and potentially understand within the analytical framework of modern NMR spectroscopy

Early Silurian δ¹³Corg excursions in the foreland basin of Baltica, both familiar and surprising

The Sommerodde-1 core from Bornholm, Denmark, provides a nearly continuous sedimentary archive from the Upper Ordovician through to the Wenlock Series (lower Silurian), as constrained by graptolite biostratigraphy. The cored mudstones represent a deep marine depositional setting in the foreland basin fringing Baltica and we present high-resolution data on the isotopic composition of the section's organic carbon (δ 13 C org ). This chemostratigraphical record is correlated with previously recognized δ 13 C excursions in the Upper Ordovician–lower Silurian, including the Hirnantian positive isotope carbon excursion (HICE), the early Aeronian positive carbon isotope excursion (EACIE), and the early Sheinwoodian positive carbon isotope excursion (ESCIE). A new positive excursion of high magnitude (~4‰)is discovered in the Telychian Oktavites spiralis Biozone (lower Silurian)and we name it the Sommerodde Carbon Isotope Excursion (SOCIE). The SOCIE appears discernible in δ 13 C carb data from Latvian and Estonian cores but it is not yet widely recognized. However, the magnitude of the excursion within the deep, marine, depositional setting, represented by the Sommerodde-1 core, suggests that the SOCIE reflects a significant event. In addition, the chemostratigraphical record of the Sommerodde-1 core reveals the negative excursion at the transition from the Aeronian to Telychian stages (the ‘Rumba low’), and suggests that the commencement of the EACIE at the base of the Demirastrites triangulatus Biozone potentially is a useful chemostratigraphical marker for the base of the Aeronian Stage

Phytanic acid stimulates glucose uptake in a model of skeletal muscles, the primary porcine myotubes

BACKGROUND: Phytanic acid (PA) is a chlorophyll metabolite with potentials in regulating glucose metabolism, as it is a natural ligand of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) that is known to regulate hepatic glucose homeostasis. This study aimed to establish primary porcine myotubes as a model for measuring glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, and to examine the impact of physiological amounts of PA on glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis either alone or in combination with insulin. METHODS: Porcine satellite cells were cultured into differentiated myotubes and tritiated 2-deoxyglucose (2-DOG) was used to measure glucose uptake, in relation to PA and 2-DOG exposure times and also in relation to PA and insulin concentrations. The MIXED procedure model of SAS was used for statistical analysis of data. RESULTS: PA increased glucose uptake by approximately 35%, and the presence of insulin further increased the uptake, but this further increase in uptake was non- additive and less pronounced at high insulin concentrations. There was no effect of PA alone on glycogen synthesis, while the insulin stimulation of glycogen was increased by 20% in the presence of PA. PA neither stimulated glucose uptake nor glycogen synthesis in insulin-resistant myotubes generated by excess glucose exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Primary porcine myotubes were established as a model of skeletal muscles for measuring glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, and we showed that PA can play a role in stimulating glucose uptake at no or inadequate insulin concentrations

Reflection and learning in clinical nursing education mediated by ePortfolio

This paper reports on an investigation into learning mediated by the elective elements of an electronic portfolio (ePortfolio) designed to facilitate four learning styles. The design takes a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. The setting was Course 4, a ten-week clinical course in Basic Nursing. The participants were eleven first-year students on Course 4 randomly selected. Data was generated by participant observations, interviews and portfolio documents. The entire material was interpreted according to Ricoeur’s theory of interpretation. The study showed that the elective elements of ePortfolio were mostly used by students with theorist style and used the least by students with pragmatist style. Some students can reflect without a learning tool, other students need supervision. The themes a fellow player and an opponent were deduced. The conclusion was that the elective elements work like fellow players and opponents, as they facilitate reflections on nursing practice and one’s own learning processes, and they mediate learning of important nursing competency elements. The tools can promote differentiation of supervision, and allow more time to supervise students who need more support. There is potential to enable students to select among the learning tools