Stakeholders\u27 Perspectives on the Implementation of a Promise Academy

This case study addressed the factors that enhanced or constrained the success of one Promise Academy at an elementary school in the northeastern United States. A large number of schools in an urban district have continuously failed to make adequate yearly progress (AYP). The study school implemented the Promise Academy model in September 2010, to dramatically improve and transform the learning environment in this underperforming school. Promise Academies, the district turnaround model, was implemented in 11 schools, all of which have failed to produce increases in student outcomes. The theoretical framework supporting this study was Michael Fullan\u27s theory of educational change. Using a qualitative goals based program evaluation, the research questions explored the stakeholders\u27 perspectives on the implementation of one Promise Academy. For this qualitative study, interview data were collected and analyzed by using open coding and analytical coding. The common themes identified helped to examine and understand the factors that participants\u27 reported as having constrained and enhanced the implementation of the Promise Academy model and student achievement. The key stakeholders in this case study included 10 teachers, 3 parents and 2 administrators. The results included in the evaluation report reflected that the implementation of the Promise Academy had a positive impact on student learning during the first 2 years of the model, however, this was followed by a decline in student achievement during the third year and beyond. The recommendations included a continued plan of action throughout the intended duration of the reform model. Positive school turnaround can lead to higher graduation rates which can positively affect the quality of the community, which will ultimately lead to positive social change

Particle Deposition of Silica and Polystyrene during Drop Evaporation

In various industries, such as creating pigments, ceramics, emulsifiers, and catalysis, having silica particles that have a small size distribution, or are monodisperse, are important. In these products, particles with higher mono-dispersity lead to higher quality products. The problem with forming silica particles of a certain size is determining how the reagents and the alcohol solvent affect the particle size and size distribution. Concentrations of ammonia and water were varied, as well as the type of alcohol solvent. Analysis on the particle size and distribution was conducted through dynamic light scattering. After analysis, silica particles were centrifuged and then suspended in de-ionized water. As the concentration of ammonia increased, and as the alcohol solvent had a larger ethanol to methanol ratio, the particles’ size increased. The effect of the water concentration on the silica particles showed varied results. The silica particles synthesized were then used for drop-drying experiments. In the pharmaceutical industry, an efficient method for creating oral dosage strips and tablets is through drop-printing of drug suspensions. Drop-on-demand printing allows for controllable deposition of active pharmaceutical ingredients. For drop-printing, the problem is to find how to print the active ingredient evenly distributed on the substrate. Polystyrene particles were added to a suspension of the silica nanoparticles and drop-drying experiments were conducted. For the drop-drying experiments, the smaller silica particles deposited closer to the contact line than the larger polystyrene particles

Comparing learned predictiveness effects within and across compound discriminations

In four human learning experiments, we examined the extent to which learned predictiveness depends upon direct comparison between relatively good and poor predictors. Participants initially solved (1) linear compound discriminations in which one or both of the stimuli in each compound were predictive of the correct outcome, (2) biconditional discriminations where only the configurations of the stimuli were predictive of the correct outcome, or (3) pseudo-discriminations in which no stimulus features were predictive. In each experiment, subsequent learning and test stages were used to assay changes in the associability of each stimulus brought about by its role in the initial discriminations. Although learned predictiveness effects were observed in all experiments (i.e. previously predictive cues were more readily associated with a new outcome than previously non-predictive cues), the same changes in associability were observed regardless of whether the stimulus was initially learned about in the presence of an equally predictive, more predictive, or less predictive stimulus. The results suggest that learned associability is not controlled by competitive allocation of attention, but rather by the absolute predictiveness of each individual cue.Australian Research Council, and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD

Effect of Temperature on Heart Rate for \u3cem\u3ePhaenicia sericata\u3c/em\u3e and \u3cem\u3eDrosophila melanogaster\u3c/em\u3e with Altered Expression of the TrpA1 Receptors

The transient receptor potential (TrpA—ankyrin) receptor has been linked to pathological conditions in cardiac function in mammals. To better understand the function of the TrpA1 in regulation of the heart, a Drosophila melanogaster model was used to express TrpA1 in heart and body wall muscles. Heartbeat of in intact larvae as well as hearts in situ, devoid of hormonal and neural input, indicate that strong over-expression of TrpA1 in larvae at 30 or 37 °C stopped the heart from beating, but in a diastolic state. Cardiac function recovered upon cooling after short exposure to high temperature. Parental control larvae (UAS-TrpA1) increased heart rate transiently at 30 and 37 °C but slowed at 37 °C within 3 min for in-situ preparations, while in-vivo larvae maintained a constant heart rate. The in-situ preparations maintained an elevated rate at 30 °C. The heartbeat in the TrpA1-expressing strains could not be revived at 37 °C with serotonin. Thus, TrpA1 activation may have allowed enough Ca2+ influx to activate K(Ca) channels into a form of diastolic stasis. TrpA1 activation in body wall muscle confirmed a depolarization of membrane. In contrast, blowfly Phaenicia sericata larvae increased heartbeat at 30 and 37 °C, demonstrating greater cardiac thermotolerance

State permutations from manipulation of near level-crossings

We discuss some systematic methods for implementing state manipulations in systems formally similar to chains of a few spins with nearest-neighbor interactions, arranged such that there are strong and weak scales of coupling links. States are permuted by means of bias potentials applied to a few selected sites. This generic structure is then related to an atoms-in-a-cavity model that has been proposed in the literature as a way of achieving a decoherence free subspace. A new method using adiabatically varying laser detuning to implement a CNOT gate in this model is proposed.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. Substantial revision and extension of the introduction and the atoms-in-a-cavity section

Magnetic White Dwarfs from the SDSS II. The Second and Third Data Releases

Fifty-two magnetic white dwarfs have been identified in spectroscopic observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) obtained between mid-2002 and the end of 2004, including Data Releases 2 and 3. Though not as numerous nor as diverse as the discoveries from the first Data Release, the collection exhibits polar field strengths ranging from 1.5MG to ~1000MG, and includes two new unusual atomic DQA examples, a molecular DQ, and five stars that show hydrogen in fields above 500MG. The highest-field example, SDSSJ2346+3853, may be the most strongly magnetic white dwarf yet discovered. Analysis of the photometric data indicates that the magnetic sample spans the same temperature range as for nonmagnetic white dwarfs from the SDSS, and support is found for previous claims that magnetic white dwarfs tend to have larger masses than their nonmagnetic counterparts. A glaring exception to this trend is the apparently low-gravity object SDSSJ0933+1022, which may have a history involving a close binary companion.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journa