First of Their Kind : Solar Cells with a Dry-Processed Perovskite Absorber Layer via Powder Aerosol Deposition and Hot-Pressing

Preparing halide perovskite films by solvent-free, powder-based processing approaches currently attracts more and more attention. However, working solar cells employing dry, powder-based halide perovskite thin films, have not been demonstrated so far. Herein, perovskite solar cells are presented where the absorber layer is prepared by transferring readily synthesized perovskite powders into a compact thin film using a fully dry-powder-processing concept. Compact thin films are deposited via an optimized powder aerosol deposition (PAD) process. Pressing at 120 °C further improves the morphology and the optoelectronic film properties. Integrating the perovskite films in a solar cell configuration results in fully working devices, with champion power conversion efficiencies of >6%. While the (optoelectronic) properties of the PAD-processed films are found to be comparable with their solution-processed counterparts, investigations of the solar cell stack suggest deterioration of the electron-transport layer properties due to the PAD process, and the presence of hydrates at the perovskite surface to be important factors that contribute to the limited solar cell efficiency. Herein, perspectives to overcome the identified limitations are outlined, emphasizing the high potential and realizability of efficient perovskite solar cells based on dry-powder-processing approaches in the future

Creative Writing Processes: techniques and language comprehension during the creation and manipulation of literary texts

Within Empirical Studies of Literature texts get systematically changed in order to measure certain effects. Such manipulation, however, can result in confounding effects. The active exchange with published authors and creative writing teachers can contribute to eliminate such confounding variables in experimental text-manipulation and to better control stimulus material. With our workshop, we would like to set in motion an inspiring discussion between authors and researches about the creative writing process, more specifically about the authors' possible intensions of establishing aesthetic or emotional effects in their readers. During the workshop, diverse ways of text manipulations as well as writing techniques will be presented and discussed

High Versatility and Stability of Mechanochemically Synthesized Halide Perovskite Powders for Optoelectronic Devices

International audienc

Well-defined, multifunctional nanostructures of a paramagnetic lipid and a lipopeptide for macrophage imaging

In the field of nanomedicine there is a great demand for technologies that allow the creation of self-assembled structures of which the size and morphology can be accurately controlled. In the current study, we report a nanoparticle platform that is composed of a paramagnetic lipid and a fluorescently labeled lipopeptide. By judiciously controlling the ratio of the aforementioned amphiphilic molecules, a variety of well-defined nanosized supramolecular structures with different sizes and morphologies could be created. The hydrodynamic radii of the different structures were determined by dynamic light scattering. Cryo-TEM revealed the aggregate morphology to vary from small micellar structures to plate-like and even full grown ribbons of which the aspect ratios varied from a diameter of 5-8 nm to structures with a width of up to 25 nm and infinite length. Interestingly, nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion profiling revealed excellent properties for MRI and also showed that the relaxivity of the structures was tunable and morphology dependent. Finally, macrophage cells were treated with two selected nanoparticles and were shown to be avidly taken up. In conclusion we demonstrate a methodology to create structures that (1) are paramagnetic to enable their detection with MRI, (2) exhibit fluorescent properties, (3) can be tuned to defined sizes and shapes, and (4) are efficiently taken up by macrophage cells in vitr

First of Their Kind: Solar Cells with a Dry‐Processed Perovskite Absorber Layer via Powder Aerosol Deposition and Hot‐Pressing

Preparing halide perovskite films by solvent-free, powder-based processing approaches currently attracts more and more attention. However, working solar cells employing dry, powder-based halide perovskite thin films, have not been demonstrated so far. Herein, perovskite solar cells are presented where the absorber layer is prepared by transferring readily synthesized perovskite powders into a compact thin film using a fully dry-powder-processing concept. Compact thin films are deposited via an optimized powder aerosol deposition (PAD) process. Pressing at 120 °C further improves the morphology and the optoelectronic film properties. Integrating the perovskite films in a solar cell configuration results in fully working devices, with champion power conversion efficiencies of >6%. While the (optoelectronic) properties of the PAD-processed films are found to be comparable with their solution-processed counterparts, investigations of the solar cell stack suggest deterioration of the electron-transport layer properties due to the PAD process, and the presence of hydrates at the perovskite surface to be important factors that contribute to the limited solar cell efficiency. Herein, perspectives to overcome the identified limitations are outlined, emphasizing the high potential and realizability of efficient perovskite solar cells based on dry-powder-processing approaches in the future