A Clinical study on Incisional Hernia in Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital Patients

BACKGROUND: Incisional hernia is a common surgical condition with a reported incidence of 11-20% of patients subjected to abdominal surgeries. It occurs as a result of excessive tension and inadequate healing of a previous incision, which is often associated with surgical site infection. The aim of the study was to estimate various etiological factors of incisional hernia, distribution of cases in relation to age and sex, various modalities of treatment and early postoperative complications. OBJECTIVES: 1. To estimate various etiological factors of incisional hernia and distribution of cases in relation to age and sex. 2. To estimate the various modalities of treatment and early postoperative complications. METHODS: This is a hospital based cross sectional study of 50 cases who have been admitted and treated in the Department of General surgery, Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital, during the period from Nov 2017 to July2019.After admission, data were collected regarding clinical history, examination, diagnostic investigations, Operative procedures and early postoperative complications. RESULTS: The mean age of the patient presenting with incisional hernia was yrs. There were 46 (92%) women and 4 (8%) men. In our study 32% of incisional hernias occurred in infraumbilical transverse incision. Wound infection in postoperative period did seem to be the commonest predisposing factor (16%) for weakening of the scar. CONCLUSION: Incisional hernia is a common surgical problem as a result of a failure of fascial tissues to heal following surgical interventions. Prevented by avoidance of midline incisions. Strict aseptic precautions and meticulous closure of abdominal wound is as important as surgical technique

A Tool for Developing Correct Programs by Refinement

This report reviews the requirements for tool support of refinement, and reports on the design and implementation of a new tool to support refinement based on these requirements. The main features of the new tool are close integration of refinement and proof in a single tool, good management of the refinement context, an extensible theory base that allows the tool to be adapted to new application domains, and a flexible user interface

Labour supply and skills demands in fashion retailing

If, as Adam Smith once famously suggested, Britain was a nation of shopkeepers then it is now a nation of shopworkers. Retail is now a significant part of the UK economy, accounting for £256 billion in sales and one-third of all consumer spending (Skillsmart, 2007). It is the largest private sector employer in the UK, employing 3m workers, or 1 in 10 of the working population. For future job creation in the UK economy retail is also similarly prominent and the sector is expected to create a further 250,000 jobs to 2014 (Skillsmart, 2007). The centrality of retail to economic success and job creation is apparent in other advanced economies. For example, within the US, retail sales is the occupation with the largest projected job growth in the period 2004-2014 (Gatta et al., 2009) and in Australia retail accounts for 1 in 6 workers (Buchanan et al., 2003). Within the UK these workers are employed in approximately 290,000 businesses, encompassing large and small organizations and also a number of sub-sectors. This variance suggests that retail should not be regarded as homogenous in its labour demands. Hart et al. (2007) note how skill requirements and the types of workers employed may differ across the sector. This chapter further opens up this point, providing an analysis of the labour supply and skills demands for the sub-sectors of clothing, footwear and leather goods, which are described by Skillsmart (2007: 48) as being 'significant categories in UK retailing'

Giving Miss Marple a makeover : graduate recruitment, systems failure and the Scottish voluntary sector

The voluntary sector in Scotland, as across the globe, is becoming increasingly business like. Resultantly, there is an increasing demand for graduates to work in business and support functions. In Scotland, however, despite an oversupply of graduates in the labor market, the voluntary sector reports skills shortages for graduate-level positions; a leadership deficit was also reported in countries such as the United States. Through exploratory, mainly qualitative, case study and stakeholder research, this article proposes that one reason for this mismatch between the supply of and demand for graduates is a systems failure within the sector. Many graduates and university students remain unaware of potentially suitable paid job opportunities, in part because of the sector's voluntary label. To rectify this systems failure, thought needs to be given to the sector's nomenclature and the manner in which voluntary sector organizations attract graduate recruits, for example, through levering value congruence in potential recruits

The Politics of Service Delivery Reform

This article identifies the leaders, the supporters and the resisters of public service reform. It adopts a principal–agent framework, comparing reality with an ‘ideal’ situation in which citizens are the principals over political policy-makers as their agents, and policy-makers are the principals over public service officials as their agents. Reform in most developing countries is complicated by an additional set of external actors — international financial institutions and donors. In practice, international agencies and core government officials usually act as the ‘principals’ in the determination of reforms. The analysis identifies the interests involved in reform, indicating how the balance between them is affected by institutional and sectoral factors. Organizational reforms, particularly in the social sectors, present greater difficulties than first generation economic policy reforms

Climate Information for Improved Planning and Management of Mega Cities (Needs Perspective)

The majority of the population of the planet (6.6 billion) now live in urban areas, which have distinct impacts upon climate at scales from the local to the global. This urban effect is due to the physical form of the city (its three-dimensional geometry and material composition) and its functions (the day-to-day activity patterns that generate emissions of waste heat and materials into the overlying air). While a substantial body of knowledge on the science of urban climates has been developed over the past fifty years, there is little evidence that this knowledge is incorporated into urban planning and design practice. This paper focuses on this gap by examining the nature of urban climate expertise and the needs of those that make decisions about urban areas. In conclusion it makes recommendations to maintain and enhance urban observations and data; to improve understanding of local, regional and global climate linkages; to develop tools for practical planning; and to disseminate urban climate knowledge and its relevance to urban planning to both practicing meteorologists and urban decision makers

CamDec: Advancing axis P1435-LE video camera security using honeypot-based deception

The explosion of online video streaming in recent years resulted in advanced services both in terms of efficiency and convenience. However, Internet-connected video cameras are prone to exploitation, leading to information security issues and data privacy concerns. The proliferation of video-capable Internet of Things devices and cloud-managed surveillance systems further extend these security issues and concerns. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for video camera deception via honeypots, offering increased security measures compared to what is available on conventional Internet-enabled video cameras

Beyond words: Aesthetic knowledge and knowing in design

Aesthetic knowledge comes from practitioners understanding the look, feel, smell, taste and sound of things. It is vital to work in many organizational contexts. In this paper, we explore aesthetic knowledge and knowing in organizations through detailed observation of design work in the architectural practice Edward Cullinan Architects. Through our research, we explore aesthetic knowledge in the context of architectural work, we unpack what it is, how it is generated, and how it is applied in design projects, shared between practitioners and developed at the level of the organization. Our analysis suggests that aesthetic knowledge plays an important part in organizational practice, not only as the symbolic context for work, but as an integral part of the work that people do. It suggests that aesthetic reflexivity, which involves an opening up and questioning of what is known, is experienced as part of practice as well as a `time out' from practice