4 research outputs found
Experiment 1: Behavioural response to seedling odour
Visits and investigations by swamp wallabies (Wallabia bicolor) and eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) of buried vials in three treatments: no seedling, cut high-nutrient seedling and cut low-nutrient seedling
Experiment 2: Browsing patterns as a function of seedling odour and visual cues
Time to browsing of high- and low- nutrient seedlings (Eucalyptus pilularis) by swamp wallabies (Wallabia bicolor). Seedlings were presented both in the normal upright position and pinned to the ground (reducing visual cues). All 160 seedlings were periodically inspected for browsing damage, and a subset of 40 were also monitored by motion-triggered cameras
Seedling Characteristics
Characteristics of Eucalyptus pilularis seedlings in high- and low-nutrient treatments
Vanadium Chloro-Substituted Schiff Base Catecholate Complexes are Reducible, Lipophilic, Water Stable, and Have Anticancer Activities
A hydrophobic Schiff base catecholate vanadium complex
was recently
discovered to have anticancer properties superior to cisplatin and
suited for intratumoral administration. This [VO(HSHED)(DTB)] complex,
where HSHED is N-(salicylideneaminato)-N′-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine and the non-innocent
catecholato ligand is di-t-butylcatecholato (DTB),
has higher stability compared to simpler catecholato complexes. Three
new chloro-substituted Schiff base complexes of vanadium(V) with substituted
catecholates as co-ligands were synthesized for comparison with their
non-chlorinated Schiff base vanadium complexes, and their properties
were characterized. Up to four geometric isomers for each complex
were identified in organic solvents using 51V and 1H NMR spectroscopies. Spectroscopy was used to characterize
the structure of the major isomer in solution and to demonstrate that
the observed isomers are exchanged in solution. All three chloro-substituted
Schiff base vanadium(V) complexes with substituted catecholates were
also characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry,
and electrochemistry. Upon testing in human glioblastoma multiforme
(T98g) cells as an in vitro model of brain gliomas, the most sterically
hindered, hydrophobic, and stable compound [t1/2 (298 K) = 15 min in cell medium] was better than the two
other complexes (IC50 = 4.1 ± 0.5 μM DTB, 34
± 7 μM 3-MeCat, and 19 ± 2 μM Cat). Furthermore,
upon aging, the complexes formed less toxic decomposition products
(IC50 = 9 ± 1 μM DTB, 18 ± 3 μM 3-MeCat,
and 8.1 ± 0.6 μM Cat). The vanadium complexes with the
chloro-substituted Schiff base were more hydrophobic, more hydrolytically
stable, more easily reduced compared to their corresponding parent
counterparts, and the most sterically hindered complex of this series
is only the second non-innocent vanadium Schiff base complex with
a potent in vitro anticancer activity that is an order of magnitude
more potent than cisplatin under the same conditions