Redesigned Storm Water Management System for the Portage Lakefront

The work described here was carried out at the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, located near Gary, Indiana. The goal of the reported project was to fix an incorrectly designed storm water management system located at the Portage lakefront. Because the original design could not handle peak water flows, there has been erosion of the sand dunes. The erosion of the sand dunes has led to the collapsing of stairs, and the exposure of water mains. To fix these problems, a new design was made that incorporated additional water inlets, as well as a pipeline to take water to a different location. After completing these initial ideas and calculations, the project is being sent to a contracting company for construction

A secondary analysis of the rural elderly population in Twentynine Palms

The purpose of this study was to identify needs of the elderly population 65 years and older, who reside in the Twentynine Palms area by conducting secondary analyses of data collected from a needs assessment survey administered by the San Bernardino County Department of Aging and Adult Services (DAAS) from 2005. This study highlited the barriers that the residence of Twentynine Palms found to be most important. The barriers focused on in this paper will assist social workers in focusing on the urgent needs of these residents

Cenozoic deformation history of the Andean plateau in southern Peru : stratigraphic, structural, and geochronologic constraints

Cenozoic shortening in the central Andes of southern Peru was accommodated by thin- and thick-skinned deformation that governed hinterland/foreland basin dynamics, the timing and location of exhumation, and development of modern high topography. A new line length balanced cross section estimates 130 km of shortening (38%) across the Eastern Cordillera and Subandean Zone. I propose the location of a pre-Andean graben in the Eastern Cordillera, and a kinematic model that links selectively inverted basement-involved normal faults to shallow detachments that accommodate thin-skinned deformation across the orogen. New U-Pb zircon geochronology from synrift deposits establishes Triassic age deposition, and suggests compartmentalized rift basins were filled with local Eastern Cordillera sediment sources. Eocene exhumation in the Eastern Cordillera represents reactivation of Triassic normal faults and the onset of Andean deformation. In-sequence deformation was transferred from the Eastern Cordillera to the Altiplano by the thin-skinned Central Andean Backthrust Belt and induced flexural subsidence in the Ayaviri hinterland basin beginning at ~30 Ma. Facies analyses, sediment provenance, geochronology, and structural mapping define multiple phases of basin reorganization that are temporally correlative with motion along basin margin thrust faults. Major middle Miocene reorganization of the Ayaviri basin is linked to ~17 Ma out-of-sequence thrust fault motion in the Western Cordillera. Oligocene-Miocene hinterland basin evolution in the northern Altiplano was driven by thrust tectonics. U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology from Cretaceous through Cenozoic stratigraphy in hinterland and foreland basins record distinct provenance differences since the Cretaceous. This is the detrital record of either an inherited structural high in the Eastern Cordillera that predated Eocene shortening and created two depocenters with distinct provenance, or lateral provenance variations across a large retroarc foreland basin. Existing K/Ar, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar, and new zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology suggest Eocene-Oligocene exhumation in the Eastern Cordillera was synchronous ~400 km along strike. New apatite (U-Th)/He data from the Eastern Cordillera demonstrate a change to localized, diachronous exhumation and uplift events in the Miocene-Pliocene. Apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronology demonstrates onset of deformation in the Subandean Zone by ~15 Ma, after shortening and exhumation in the Eastern and Western Cordillera ceased.Geological Science

As The World Watches

In 2015, President Barack Obama pledged to admit more than 10,000 Syrians fleeing the civil war, but with an asterisk: the near absence of religious minorities, including Christians, Yazidis and Shia Muslims. It is an omission that some have charged is discriminatory but, at the very least, has left some of the world’s most vulnerable hanging in the balance. http://georgegoss.com/theminorityreport

Policy Brief: Expanding Food Benefits for Immigrants: Charting a Policy Agenda for New York City

This policy brief explores the eligibility of various categories of New York City’s immigrant populations, from those who have become citizens to permanent residents (Green Card holders) to those who lack legal immigration status, for SNAP, WIC and School Food, the nation’s main food benefit programs. We also examine factors that facilitate or block immigrants’ enrollment in these programs. Our larger goals are to encourage more systematic study of immigrant access to food benefits and identify opportunities for improving access. We hope to widen a public conversation among immigrants and their organizations, food security groups, food justice advocates and policy makers about identifying policies and practices that will make New York City a national model for immigrant access to food benefits

ACL RUPTURE IN COLLEGIATE WRESTLER

Objective: To educate others on unique Anterior Cruciate Ligament tears and percentage of usage of the ACL in normal daily function. Background: Patient is an eighteen year old male participating in wrestling and football at the time of the injury. Patient now only participates in wrestling. No previous knee or chronic injuries were reported prior to this injury. Patient was playing football during the time of injury. The patient stated that he planted his foot down and was tackled at the same time when the injury occurred. The patient felt his knee twist and buckle. Patient complained of clicking inside the knee and had minimal swelling. He also complained of it being difficult to bear weight at the time. The patient did not seek further treatment until two months after the injury occurred when he received an MRI. His MRI showed a positive finding for an Anterior Cruciate Ligament rupture. His previous Athletic Trainer could not find a positive diagnosis for the patient prior to the MRI. Differential Diagnosis: Possible meniscal or ACL injury. Treatment: Doctors officially diagnosed the injury as a complete rupture of the ACL. The patient did not receive surgery immediately. Doctors have stated that he only uses about 50% of his ACL on a daily basis compared to a normal person who uses about 95% of their ACL daily. Because of this, the patient played on his rupture for seven months before receiving surgery. He played a whole season of high school football and a whole season of wrestling his senior year with the ACL ruptured. The patient only used a brace for better comfort during the seven months. The patient then received reconstructive surgery to repair the rupture. A hamstring tendon graft was used to repair the ruptured ACL. Because a tendon was taken from the hamstring, patient experienced a tight ACL and hamstring of the left leg post-surgery. The patient participated in Physical Therapy for five months to strengthen and stretch the new ACL and hamstring. After completing five months of physical therapy, the patient joined a college wrestling team in August 2013. The athletic training staff at the university started him on a quadriceps and hamstring strengthening rehabilitation program for about one month. The staff also worked on continuous flexion and extension of the knee to where the patient could feel comfortable with doing activities with his knee. The patient continues to participate in daily stretching and strengthening protocols for his quadriceps and hamstring bilaterally. Deviation from the Expected/Uniqueness: The patient still participated on a fully ruptured ACL for seven months with just complaining of minimal pain and discomfort. The athlete chose to complete two seasons of activities instead of receiving surgery immediately. The ratio of people who rupture their ACL is about 5 in every 100,000 people. It is interesting that the high school clinician could not diagnose the injury until the patient received an MRI two months post-injury. The patient was also told by doctors that he only uses about 50% of his ACL on a daily basis compared to anyone else who uses their ACL about 95%. The patient felt comfortable with the ACL ruptured and changed any discomfort by just wearing a brace. Conclusions: Not many people can play on a ruptured ACL for seven months before receiving any surgical repairs. We need to keep this in mind as Athletic Trainers so we are not sending our athletes back on the field and possibly causing them more damage. The athlete continues stretching protocols daily. Key Words: rupture, ACL, Anterior Cruciate Ligamen

The Immediate Impact of COVID-19 on Law Enforcement in the United States

© 2020, Southern Criminal Justice Association. During pandemics, like COVID-19, law enforcement agencies are responsible for working with government and public health officials to contain spread, serve the local community, and maintain public order. Given the person-to-person spread of COVID-19 through respiratory droplets, law enforcement officers are also at a heightened risk of exposure due to their close contact with members of the public. To protect officers, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other agencies have made numerous recommendations for law enforcement agencies to protect officers and the public. Departments around the country have responded to the pandemic in various ways, such as reassigning personnel to high-traffic areas, suspending training, roll calls, and community outreach initiatives, only issuing citations for low-level crimes, implementing safety precautions for officers, and limiting access to department facilities. The COVID-19 pandemic also has exposed some key obstacles for law enforcement, related to communication, resource management, the enforcement of public health restrictions, and changes to crime and service patterns. Based on these early/initial responses and obstacles during the COVID-19 outbreak, the current paper highlights directions for future responses to pandemics to ensure the safety and security of police officers and the communities they serve