Studi pengaruh getaran ultrasonik pada saat sintesis ZnO dengan metode presipitasi terhadap karakteristik dan aktivitas antijamur pityrosporum ovale

Jamur merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit terutama di negara-negara tropis.Penyakit kulit akibat jamur merupakan penyakit kulit yang sering muncul di tengah masyarakat Indonesia salah satunya ketombe yang disebabkan oleh perkembangan jamur Pityrosporum ovale. Antijamur menjadi salah satu \alternati yang dapat digunakan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Pityrosporum ovale. Telah dilakukan sintesis ZnO sebagai antijamur dengan metode presipitasi menggunakan prekursor seng asetat dihidrat dengan variasi waktu getaran ultrasonik. Seng asetat dihidrat dilarutkan kemudian diendapkan oleh asam oksalat. Selama proses pengendapan divariasikan waktu getaran ultrasonik yaitu tanpa getaran (ZnO-0), 1 jam (ZnO-1), 2 jam (ZnO-2), 3 jam (ZnO-3) dan 4 jam (ZnO-4). Kemudian endapan disaring, dikeringkan pada suhu 110 ˚C dan dipijarkan pada 500 ˚C. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan ketiganya memiliki pola difraksi yang sesuai dengan ZnO fasa wurtzite, memiliki struktur heksagonal. Ukuran kristalit hasil perhitungan dengan persamaan Scherrer semakin kecil, yaitu 33,74; 30,58; 29,02; 23,60 dan 20,56 nm. Hasil karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan bahwa penambahan getaran ultrasonik menyebabkan berkurangnya aglomerasi pada ZnO. Uji aktivitas antifungi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Pityrosporum ovale yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening disekitar kertas cakram. Uji antijamur yang dilakukan dengan konsentrasi ZnO 25% menghasilkan zona hambat untuk ZnO-0 sebesar 9,00 mm, ZnO-1 9,20 mm. ZnO-2 10,00 mm, ZnO-3 10,50 mm dan ZnO-4 9,50 mm

MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE EXPOSURE AT EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE INCREASES APOPTOSIS AND STEREOTYPIC BEHAVIOR RISKS ON ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO) LARVAE

Excessive glutamate may give neurotoxic effects and contribute to Autism spectrum disorder(ASD). In this study, we investigated prolonged exposure effects of 10 µg/mL Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) on intracellular calcium level, bax, bcl-2, ratio of bax/bcl-2 genes expression, caspase-3, apoptosis of brain cells and stereotypic behavior of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae at early developmental stages. Genes expression were determined by real time PCR, caspase-3 using ELISA, intracellular Ca2+ and apoptotic cells of brain using confocal microscopy, locomotor activity by using crossing lines assay whereas stereotypic behavior by circle swimming. The results indicated that MSG exposure increased brain bax and bcl-2; and caspase-3; intracellular Ca2+; and apoptosis; stereotypic behavior; and decreased locomotor activity. Termination of MSG treatments resulted in recovery of bax, bcl-2, caspase-3 basal levels and stereotypic behavior. In conclusion, MSG exposure at early embryonic stage increased brain cell damage and risk of behavior changes

THE COMBINATION OF HIGH FAT DIET AND MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE ALTERING ADIPOGENESIS, BRAIN RESISTIN AND SERUM CORTISOL LEVEL IN FEMALE RAT

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing tremendously worldwide. Obesity is correlated with the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) and monosodium glutamate (MSG). Although the effect of MSG or HFD on inflammation has been established, lack of information about the effects of both combination on simultaneous systemic and brain inflammation that can be evaluated from cortisol serum and brain resistin level respectively. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of combining HFD and MSG on brain resistin, serum cortisol, lipid profiles, visceral weight, and body weight gain. Methods: Sixteen adult female rats were randomized into 4 groups consist of standard diet; HFD+MSG 0.05 mg/gBW, HFD+MSG 0.2 mg/gBW and HFD+MSG 0.35 mg/gBW. Lipid profiles were measured using automatic biochemical analyzer. Brain resistin and serum cortisol level were determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results: The groups of HFD+MSG significantly have higher level of brain resistin (p<0.003), serum cortisol (p<0.01), total cholesterol (p<0.003) and visceral fat weight (p<0.05) than control group. Conclusion: The combination of HFD, and MSG generates obesity that led to systemic-brain alteration on inflammation.  Further study is necessary to evaluate further the functional impact of both combinations on behavioral profiles

Modifying Effect of Anthocyanin from Purple Sweet Potatoes on Visceral Fat Tissue Inflammation and Liver Oxidative Stress in Psychological Stress-Induced Mice

Psychological stress generates inflammation and oxidative stress in various tissues. Visceral fat as the target site of inflammation is then correlated with stress-induced obesity. Redox imbalance following inflammation also has prominent impacts on hepatic tissue. Therefore, the development of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties from plant bioactive compounds is necessary to be investigated. Anthocyanin (ANC) from various plants is previously described as a powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant even though its effect in psychological stress remains underexplored. Purple sweet potatoes (PSP) has ANC as its natural pigment. Previous studies revealed the potential effect of ANC from PSP on behavior and an antidepressant candidate. Thus, this study was purposed to determine the effect of ANC from PSP on inflammation and oxidative stress in visceral fat and hepatic tissue respectively. A total of 25 adult male BALB/c mice were assigned into groups of control, stress, stress+ANC 10 mg/kgBW, stress+ANC 20 mg/kgBW and stress+ANC 40 mg/kgBW. Restraint stress was applied 2 hours/day for 14 days. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was conducted to measure level of IL-6 and IL-10 in visceral fat as well as SOD and MDA from hepatic tissue. The results demonstrated that the supplementation of ANC reduces the level of IL-6 cytokine (p=0.005), tends to increase IL-10 (p=0.612), reduces hepatic SOD (p=0.03), and does not significantly affect the level of hepatic MDA (p=0.432). Both ratios of IL-6/IL-10 and SOD/MDA were reduced following ANC administration. Total ANC extracts are suggested to have a potential role of resisting inflammation and oxidative stress in the psychologically stressed model. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the benefits of ANC from PSP in other peripheral organs under psychological stress exposure

Association Between Time Spent for Internet Gaming, Grade Point Average and Internet Gaming Disorder Risk Among Medical Students

The negative and positive consequences of internet games were less explored among medical students’ population. The aim of this current study was to investigated the association between time spent for playing internet games and Grade Point Average (GPA) as well as Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) risk among medical students. A total of 438 students in academic year 2016-2017 completed the self-report questionnaire, that covered socio-demographic information, GPA, time spent for internet gaming/day, and IGD screening. The statistical analysis used c2 test. The average age of the respondents was 20.2 ±1.57 year. The respondents comprised of 37.13% male and 62.87% female students. The percentage of male and female players was 97.5% and 93.8% respectively. Male students were more at risk of IGD (29.56%) compared to their female counterparts (10.04%). Although time spent for internet gaming/day was associated with IGD risk (p3 hours/day and those who never play at all. Further study is required to explore the factors related to GPA among medical students

Mama Roz, Konsep Baru Produk/Layanan Jus Buah: Blue Ocean atau Red Ocean Strategy

Mama Roz, Konsep Baru Produk/Layanan Jus Buah: Blue Ocean atau Red Ocean Strateg

Hubungan Tingkat Stres Dengan Derajat Keparahan Premenstrual Syndrome (Pms) Pada Mahasiswi Tingkat Akhir Sarjana Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Pandemi Corona Virus Diseases-19 (COVID-19) memberikan perubahan yang signifikan bagi dunia pendidikan termasuk pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi. Penyesuaian strategi pembelajaran baru memberikan tekanan stres bagi mahasiswa. Dampak tersebut sangat bermakna pada mahasiswa kesehatan ditahun terakhir. Stres dapat berpengaruh terhadap timbulnya sindrom pramenstruasi berupa sejumlah gejala fisik dan psikis mengganggu yang muncul sebelum dan selama menstruasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat stres dengan derajat keparahan sindrom pramenstruasi pada Mahasiswi Tingkat Akhir Sarjana Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Sejumlah 72 responden dari mahasiswa yang terdaftar di tingkat akhir Program Studi Sarjana Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya, mengisi kuesioner yang terdiri dari data sosiodemografi, instrumen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) dan Shortened Premenstrual Assesment Form (SPAF). Statistik deskriptif dilakukan untuk analisa data sosiodemografi, klasifikasi derajat stres dan sindrom pramenstruasi. Uji Korelasi Rank Spearman digunakan untuk analisis hubungan kedua variabel. Sejumlah 66,7% responden berada dalam kategori stres sedang. Sindrom pramenstruasi derajat berat dialami oleh 50% responden. Tingkat stres berhubungan dengan derajat keparahan sindrom pramenstruasi (p=0,000, r=0,698). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat stres maka tingkat gejala sindrom pramenstruasi yang dialami menjadi semakin berat

Hubungan Pengetahuan Manajemen Laktasi pada Ibu Bekerja dengan Perilaku Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang

Latar Belakang: Perilaku menyusui merupakan tindakan aktif seorang ibu dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif yaitu tanpa makanan tambahan dari bayi yang lahir sampai dengan usia 6 bulan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan manajemen laktasi pada ibu bekerja dengan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif di Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Jumlah responden 40 orang ibu yang memiliki bayi 6-12 bulan dengan teknik sampel total. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan uji Fisher Exact diperoleh nilai ρ Value = 0,000, jadi ρ Value ≤ α (0,05). Dengan kata lain ada hubungan antara pengetahuan manajemen laktasi pada ibu bekerja dengan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif di Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan manajemen laktasi pada ibu bekerja dengan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif di Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malan