134 research outputs found
Towards Safer Operations: An Expert-involved Dataset of High-Pressure Gas Incidents for Preventing Future Failures
This paper introduces a new IncidentAI dataset for safety prevention.
Different from prior corpora that usually contain a single task, our dataset
comprises three tasks: named entity recognition, cause-effect extraction, and
information retrieval. The dataset is annotated by domain experts who have at
least six years of practical experience as high-pressure gas conservation
managers. We validate the contribution of the dataset in the scenario of safety
prevention. Preliminary results on the three tasks show that NLP techniques are
beneficial for analyzing incident reports to prevent future failures. The
dataset facilitates future research in NLP and incident management communities.
The access to the dataset is also provided (the IncidentAI dataset is available
at: https://github.com/Cinnamon/incident-ai-dataset).Comment: Accepted by EMNLP 2023 (The Industry Track
The Higgs Sector of the Minimal 3 3 1 Model Revisited
The mass spectrum and the eigenstates of the Higgs sector of the minimal 3 3
1 model are revisited in detail. There are discrepancies between our results
and previous results by another author.Comment: 20 pages, latex, two figures. One note and one reference are adde
A model immunization programme to control Japanese encephalitis in Viet Nam.
In Viet Nam, an inactivated, mouse brain-derived vaccine for Japanese encephalitis (JE) has been given exclusively to ≤ 5 years old children in 3 paediatric doses since 1997. However, JE incidence remained high, especially among children aged 5-9 years. We conducted a model JE immunization programme to assess the feasibility and impact of JE vaccine administered to 1-9 year(s) children in 3 standard-dose regimen: paediatric doses for children aged <3 years and adult doses for those aged ≥ 3 years. Of the targeted children, 96.2% were immunized with ≥ 2 doses of the vaccine. Compared to the national immunization programme, JE incidence rate declined sharply in districts with the model programme (11.32 to 0.87 per 100,000 in pre-versus post-vaccination period). The rate of reduction was most significant in the 5-9 years age-group. We recommend a policy change to include 5-9 years old children in the catch-up immunization campaign and administer a 4th dose to those aged 5-9 years, who had received 3 doses of the vaccine during the first 2-3 years of life
Implementation of Web-Based Respondent-Driven Sampling among Men who Have Sex with Men in Vietnam
Objective: Lack of representative data about hidden groups, like men who have
sex with men (MSM), hinders an evidence-based response to the HIV epidemics.
Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was developed to overcome sampling challenges
in studies of populations like MSM for which sampling frames are absent.
Internet-based RDS (webRDS) can potentially circumvent limitations of the
original RDS method. We aimed to implement and evaluate webRDS among a hidden
population.
Methods and Design: This cross-sectional study took place 18 February to 12
April, 2011 among MSM in Vietnam. Inclusion criteria were men, aged 18 and
above, who had ever had sex with another man and were living in Vietnam.
Participants were invited by an MSM friend, logged in, and answered a survey.
Participants could recruit up to four MSM friends. We evaluated the system by
its success in generating sustained recruitment and the degree to which the
sample compositions stabilized with increasing sample size.
Results: Twenty starting participants generated 676 participants over 24
recruitment waves. Analyses did not show evidence of bias due to ineligible
participation. Estimated mean age was 22 year and 82% came from the two large
metropolitan areas. 32 out of 63 provinces were represented. The median number
of sexual partners during the last six months was two. The sample composition
stabilized well for 16 out of 17 variables.
Conclusion: Results indicate that webRDS could be implemented at a low cost
among Internet-using MSM in Vietnam. WebRDS may be a promising method for
sampling of Internet-using MSM and other hidden groups.
Key words: Respondent-driven sampling, Online sampling, Men who have sex with
men, Vietnam, Sexual risk behavio
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Assessing the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans causing meningitis in HIV infected and uninfected patients in Vietnam.
We previously observed a substantial burden of cryptococcal meningitis in Vietnam atypically arising in individuals who are uninfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This disease was associated with a single genotype of Cryptococcus neoformans (sequence type [ST]5), which was significantly less common in HIV-infected individuals. Aiming to compare the phenotypic characteristics of ST5 and non-ST5 C. neoformans, we selected 30 representative Vietnamese isolates and compared their in vitro pathogenic potential and in vivo virulence. ST5 and non-ST5 organisms exhibited comparable characteristics with respect to in vitro virulence markers including melanin production, replication at 37°C, and growth in cerebrospinal fluid. However, the ST5 isolates had significantly increased variability in cellular and capsular sizing compared with non-ST5 organisms (P < .001). Counterintuitively, mice infected with ST5 isolates had significantly longer survival with lower fungal burdens at day 7 than non-ST5 isolates. Notably, ST5 isolates induced significantly greater initial inflammatory responses than non-ST5 strains, measured by TNF-α concentrations (P < .001). Despite being generally less virulent in the mouse model, we hypothesize that the significant within strain variation seen in ST5 isolates in the tested phenotypes may represent an evolutionary advantage enabling adaptation to novel niches including apparently immunocompetent human hosts
A Model Immunization Programme to Control Japanese Encephalitis in Viet Nam
In Viet Nam, an inactivated, mouse brain-derived vaccine for Japanese
encephalitis (JE) has been given exclusively to 645 years old
children in 3 paediatric doses since 1997. However, JE incidence
remained high, especially among children aged 5-9 years. We conducted a
model JE immunization programme to assess the feasibility and impact of
JE vaccine administered to 1-9 year(s) children in 3 standard-dose
regimen: paediatric doses for children aged <3 years and adult doses
for those aged 653 years. Of the targeted children, 96.2% were
immunized with 652 doses of the vaccine. Compared to the national
immunization programme, JE incidence rate declined sharply in districts
with the model programme (11.32 to 0.87 per 100,000 in pre- versus
post-vaccination period). The rate of reduction was most significant in
the 5-9 years age-group. We recommend a policy change to include 5-9
years old children in the catch-up immunization campaign and administer
a 4th dose to those aged 5-9 years, who had received 3 doses of the
vaccine during the first 2-3 years of life
The use of reproductive healthcare at commune health stations in a changing health system in Vietnam
Background: With health sector reform in Vietnam moving towards greater pluralism, commune health stations (CHSs) have been subject to growing competition from private health services and increasing numbers of patients bypassing CHSs for higher-level health facilities. This study describes the pattern of reproductive health (RH) and family planning (FP) service utilization among women at CHSs and other health facilities, and explores socio demographic determinants of RH service utilization at the CHS level
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