Stille Coupling Reactions Involving α-Alkoxybenzylstannanes

The Stille reaction has established itself as one of the two most general and most selective palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, along with the Suzuki cross-coupling of organoboron compounds. The Stille coupling of α-alkoxystannanes is a relatively unexplored area. A previous study showed that an α-alkoxyalkylstannane could be coupled with benzoyl chloride with retention of configuration. However, our group has recently shown that Stille couplings of sulfonamidobenzylstannanes proceeds with inversion of configuration. In order to determine whether the Stille coupling reaction of α-alkoxybenzylstannanes proceeds with inversion or retention, the stereochemistry in the Stille reaction of α-alkoxybenzylstannanes was studied. Optimized conditions for Stille coupling of α-alkoxybenzyl-tributylstannanes with benzoyl chloride were developed: highest yields were observed using Pd2dba3 and PPh3 in toluene. Enantiomerically enriched α-hydroxystannanes were obtained via chromatographic resolution of diastereomeric carbamate derivatives. An X-ray crystal structure was obtained for the 3,5-dinitrobenzoate derivative of (S)-1-hydroxyphenylmethyl-trimethylstannane. Stille coupling (cat. Pd2dba3, PPh3, toluene) of the corresponding acetate with benzoyl chloride provided the acetate of (R)-benzoin thus establishing retention of configuration under these reaction conditions

Application of design thinking to implement innovation policy in teaching table tennis for students – the case of Vietnam National University, Hanoi

Design-Thinking is very innovative process and could be applied as innovative teaching. The current situation of teaching table tenis at Vietnam National University, Hanoi, one of the leading universities in Vietnam shows that the traditional teaching method (passive learning) of table tenis is not approriate. Therefore, Design-Thinking (process of Empathize - Define - Ideate - Prototype - Test) is very necessary for teaching table tennis for students at Vietnam National University, Hanoi, which helps students to get better results from real-world experiences on their own learning and through projects and help them to understand the importance of fitness. The papers will firstly review what is Design-Thinking, its advantages in teaching table tenis, then analyse the current situation of teaching table tenis in Vietnam National University, Hanoi and show the results of design-thinking application for teaching table tenis for students of Vietnam National University, Hanoi to recommend some solutions for better application of this method in future

GEOCHEMICAL SEDIMENTARY EVOLUTION FEATURES OF THE PROCESSES OF FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND DEGRADATION OF MANGROVE FORESTS IN NAMDINH COASTAL REGION, VIETNAM

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Bank efficiency and its relationship with stock performance: an estimation in Thailand

Using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA), the study investigates the alternative profit efficiency of 17 Thai banks listed in the stock exchange during the period from 2006 to 2012. In addition, the aim of paper is to evaluate the relevance and importance of efficiency level on the change in share performance. A mean profit efficiency score is about 80% throughout the sample. In the second step, efficiency change displays a negative impact on stock return, yet it fails to reflect the excess return on bank share in the augmented capital model. As a result, it seems to show that the efficiency score does not have an explanatory power on the stock return

Uloga osobina ličnosti u oblikovanju poduzetničke namjere: Komparativna studija Južne Koreje i Vijetnama

This paper investigates the role of personality traits in nurturing entrepreneurial intention in South Korea and Vietnam. We developed a research model to examine the integrated influence of both positive entrepreneurial characteristics and dark triad on entrepreneurial intention in South Korea and Vietnam. Primary data was collected from 550 students in South Korea and 700 students in Vietnam using the convenient sampling method in a self-administered questionnaire survey. We used structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyse structural relationships between positive entrepreneurial attributes, dark triads, and entrepreneurial intention in two samples. T-tests were also performed to explore any differences in students’ entrepreneurial intention in South Korea and Vietnam regarding their family background and gender. Findings showed that positive entrepreneurial attributes and dark triads influence entrepreneurial intention differently in the two countries. While the dark triad mainly influenced Vietnamese students’ intention to startup, Korean students received more impact from the positive entrepreneurial characteristics such as risk tolerance, locus of control, and entrepreneurial alertness. Surprisingly, both gender and family tradition do not affect students’ entrepreneurial intention. Based on our findings, we suggested that policymakers and higher education institutions in both South Korea and Vietnam promote students’ entrepreneurial intentions in the future.Ovaj rad istražuje ulogu osobina ličnosti u njegovanju poduzetničkih namjera u Južnoj Koreji i Vijetnamu. Razvili smo znanstveni model za ispitivanje integriranog utjecaja pozitivnih poduzetničkih karakteristika kao i utjecaj mračne trijade na poduzetničke namjere u Južnoj Koreji i Vijetnamu. Primarni podaci dobiveni anketiranjem 550 studenata u Južnoj Koreji i 700 studenata u Vijetnamu prikupljeni su korištenjem prikladne metode uzorkovanja u anketi koju su sami proveli. Koristili smo modeliranje strukturnim jednadžbama (SEM) za analizu strukturnih odnosa između pozitivnih poduzetničkih atributa, tamnih trijada i poduzetničke namjere u dva uzorka. Također su provedeni T-testovi kako bi se istražile razlike u poduzetničkim namjerama studenata u Južnoj Koreji i Vijetnamu s obzirom na njihovo obiteljsko porijeklo i spol. Rezultati su pokazali da pozitivne poduzetničke osobine i mračne trijade različito utječu na poduzetničke namjere u dvije zemlje. Dok je mračna trijada uglavnom utjecala na namjeru vijetnamskih studenata da se pokrenu, korejski studenti dobili su veći utjecaj od pozitivnih poduzetničkih karakteristika kao što su tolerancija na rizik, lokus kontrole i poduzetničke budnosti. Iznenađujuće, spol i obiteljska tradicija ne utječu na poduzetničke namjere studenata. Na temelju naših otkrića, predložili smo da kreatori politika i visokoškolske ustanove u Južnoj Koreji i Vijetnamu promiču poduzetničke namjere studenata u budućnosti

Business Diversification and Financial Supply Chain Efficiency of Companies Listed on Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange

Abstract— This research evaluate the impact of business diversification of companies listed on HoSe from 2013 to 2017, the research has used balance panel data form of 145 listed enterprises. Business diversification is measured according to the Entropy index, measured by turnover in the Grade 2 subdivision and Level 4 subdivision according to Vietnam's industry standard. The results of the study showed that diversification would generally help improve financial efficiency, however, for those enterprises focusing on diversification outside the industry will reduce financial efficiency. In addition, the results of the study also showed that businesses increasing financial leverage for the purpose of expanding the left-sector business will be unstable, those businesses scaling up to strengthen the true diversification of businesses with experience will help increase their financial efficiency

Whether or not the informal economy as an engine for poverty alleviation in Vietnam

This paper examines impacts of income from informal employment and informal sector employment on poverty in Vietnam to define whether the informal economy is an accelerator or a decelerator of poverty. Using data from Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys, we find that although income from informal sources does not account for a large proportion to total income of the poor households in comparison with the non-poorhouseholds, it significantly contributes to poverty reduction. Without earnings from informal sources, 33.4 per cent of the surveyed households in 2010 live under the poverty line and this rate is only 10.34 per cent if informal income is added up. Both probit and quantile analysis affirms that informal earnings significantly mitigate poverty. Interesting findings from quantile regression are that informal earnings have divergent effects across distribution of household income. Particularly, it is a factor reducing poverty in poor households but it negatively affects the economic capacity of the rich households. The policy implication derived from empirical results is that poverty program should be associated with supporting policy for informal employees with low income so that they can improve their living standards

Whether or not the informal economy as an engine for poverty alleviation in Vietnam

This paper examines impacts of income from informal employment and informal sector employment on poverty in Vietnam to define whether the informal economy is an accelerator or a decelerator of poverty. Using data from Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys, we find that although income from informal sources does not account for a large proportion to total income of the poor households in comparison with the non-poorhouseholds, it significantly contributes to poverty reduction. Without earnings from informal sources, 33.4 per cent of the surveyed households in 2010 live under the poverty line and this rate is only 10.34 per cent if informal income is added up. Both probit and quantile analysis affirms that informal earnings significantly mitigate poverty. Interesting findings from quantile regression are that informal earnings have divergent effects across distribution of household income. Particularly, it is a factor reducing poverty in poor households but it negatively affects the economic capacity of the rich households. The policy implication derived from empirical results is that poverty program should be associated with supporting policy for informal employees with low income so that they can improve their living standards

CHARACTERIZATION AND MITIGATION OF VIETNAM COASTAL HAZARDS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart