A novel ontology framework supporting model-based tourism recommender

In this paper, we present a tourism recommender framework based on the cooperation of ontological knowledge base and supervised learning models. Specifically, a new tourism ontology, which not only captures domain knowledge but also specifies knowledge entities in numerical vector space, is presented. The recommendation making process enables machine learning models to work directly with the ontological knowledge base from training step to deployment step. This knowledge base can work well with classification models (e.g., k-nearest neighbours, support vector machines, or naıve bayes). A prototype of the framework is developed and experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed framework. © 2021, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved

Vocational Training for Rural Workers n the Context of Economic Restructuring in Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam

Labor force development is one of the strategic solutions in the process of shifting the agricultural and rural economy to commodity production in accordance with economic restructuring. The article aims at discussing the trend of economic restructuring in Ha Tinh province in recent years, surveying vocational training needs of rural workers and vocational training results in Ha Tinh province in the context of economic restructuring. The research utilizes a binary logit model for primary data collected in a sample of 334 working-age people in Ha Tinh province to examine the vocational training needs of rural laborers in Ha Tinh. It is found that economic restructuring and state policies have a significant effect on the vocational training needs of rural workers. In addition, the change in vocational training pattern is relatively in line with the change in economic restructuring. The study also gives some recommendations for rural vocational training policy in Ha Tinh province

A New Framework for Cyber Risk Assessment for IIoT and Recommendations for Vietnam

Industry 4.0 has brought huge benefits to a wide range of industries. Its development, however, has raised more cyber security risks in both Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT) systems. In this paper, potential cyber vulnerabilities and threats in manufacturing in Industry 4.0 are briefly reviewed based on the architecture and operating principle of the manufacturing system in Industry 4.0. Criteria for cyber risk assessment for both IT and OT are reviewed via different standards. We then provide recommendations for cyber risk assessment and discuss a new framework for IT/OT risk assessment in Vietnam

Relationship between Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotype and the Clinical Phenotype of Pulmonary and Meningeal Tuberculosis ▿

We used large sequence polymorphisms to determine the genotypes of 397 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected Vietnamese adults with pulmonary (n = 235) or meningeal (n = 162) tuberculosis. We compared the pretreatment radiographic appearances of pulmonary tuberculosis and the presentation, response to treatment, and outcome of tuberculous meningitis between the genotypes. Multivariate analysis identified variables independently associated with genotype and outcome. A higher proportion of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis caused by the Euro-American genotype had consolidation on chest X-ray than was the case with disease caused by other genotypes (P = 0.006). Multivariate analysis revealed that meningitis caused by the East Asian/Beijing genotype was independently associated with a shorter duration of illness before presentation and fewer cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocytes. Older age, fewer CSF leukocytes, and the presence of hemiplegia (but not strain lineage) were independently associated with death or severe disability, although the East Asian/Beijing genotype was strongly associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis. The genotype of M. tuberculosis influenced the presenting features of pulmonary and meningeal tuberculosis. The association between the East Asian/Beijing lineage and disease progression and CSF leukocyte count suggests the lineage may alter the presentation of meningitis by influencing the intracerebral inflammatory response. In addition, increased drug resistance among bacteria of the East Asian/Beijing lineage might influence the response to treatment. This study suggests the genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis has important clinical consequences

Actionable Mutation Profiles of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients from Vietnamese population

Comprehensive profiling of actionable mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is vital to guide targeted therapy, thereby improving the survival rate of patients. Despite the high incidence and mortality rate of NSCLC in Vietnam, the actionable mutation profiles of Vietnamese patients have not been thoroughly examined. Here, we employed massively parallel sequencing to identify alterations in major driver genes (EGFR, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, ALK and ROS1) in 350 Vietnamese NSCLC patients. We showed that the Vietnamese NSCLC patients exhibited mutations most frequently in EGFR (35.4%) and KRAS (22.6%), followed by ALK (6.6%), ROS1 (3.1%), BRAF (2.3%) and NRAS (0.6%). Interestingly, the cohort of Vietnamese patients with advanced adenocarcinoma had higher prevalence of EGFR mutations than the Caucasian MSK-IMPACT cohort. Compared to the East Asian cohort, it had lower EGFR but higher KRAS mutation prevalence. We found that KRAS mutations were more commonly detected in male patients while EGFR mutations was more frequently found in female. Moreover, younger patients

Alcohol and tobacco use among methadone maintenance patients in Vietnamese rural mountainside areas

Introduction: The expansion of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program requires more data about the factors affecting the effectiveness of treatment, especially behavioral data such as smoking and alcohol use among patients. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption and identify related factors among MMT patients in the Vietnamese rural mountainside. Methods: We interviewed 241 MMT patients in two clinics in Tuyen Quang, a mountainous province in Vietnam. Patients were asked to report the smoking status (current smoker or not), nicotine dependence (by Fagerström test for nicotine dependence - FTND) and alcohol use (by using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – AUDIT-C). EuroQol-5 dimensions-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) and EQ-Visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) were employed to measure health-related quality of life. Multivariate logistic and Tobit regressions were used to identify the associated factors. Results: The majority of respondents were current smokers (75.7%) and a low proportion were hazardous drinkers (18.3%). People receiving treatment in a rural clinic (OR = 0.45; 95%CI = 0.22–0.92) and had problems in usual activities (OR = 0.20; 95%CI = 0.06–0.70) were less likely to be smokers. Q-VAS score (Coef. = 0.03; 95%CI = 0.02–0.05) and having problems in mobility (Coef. = 0.72; 95%CI = 0.03–1.42) was found to be associated with the increase of nicotine dependence. In terms of alcohol drinking, people with other jobs were more likely to drink hazardously compared to unemployed patients (OR = 2.86; 95%CI = 1.20–6.82). Similarly, patients having higher duration of MMT had higher likelihood of being hazardous drinkers (OR = 1.07; 95%CI = 1.01–1.13). Conclusions: This study highlights the low rate of alcohol abusers but a considerably high proportion of current smokers among MMT patients in the rural mountainside area. Alcohol and tobacco counseling programs combined with social and family support also play an essential role in alcohol and tobacco control. In addition, implementing mass community-based behavioral change campaigns to reduce drug addiction-related stigmatization should also be prioritized.Published versio

Avian influenza A (H5N1) in 10 patients in Vietnam

BACKGROUND: Recent outbreaks of avian influenza A (H5N1) in poultry throughout Asia have had major economic and health repercussions. Human infections with this virus were identified in Vietnam in January 2004. METHODS: We report the clinical features and preliminary epidemiologic findings among 10 patients with confirmed cases of avian influenza A (H5N1) who presented to hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi, Vietnam, in December 2003 and January 2004. RESULTS: In all 10 cases, the diagnosis of influenza A (H5N1) was confirmed by means of viral culture or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for H5 and N1. None of the 10 patients (mean age, 13.7 years) had preexisting medical conditions. Nine of them had a clear history of direct contact with poultry (median time before onset of illness, three days). All patients presented with fever (temperature, 38.5 to 40.0 degrees C), respiratory symptoms, and clinically significant lymphopenia (median lymphocyte count, 700 per cubic millimeter). The median platelet count was 75,500 per cubic millimeter. Seven patients had diarrhea. In all patients, there were marked abnormalities on chest radiography. There was no definitive evidence of human-to-human transmission. Eight patients died, one patient has recovered, and one is recovering. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza A (H5N1) infection, characterized by fever, respiratory symptoms, and lymphopenia, carries a high risk of death. Although in all 10 cases the infection appears to have been acquired directly from infected poultry, the potential exists for genetic reassortment with human influenzaviruses and the evolution of human-to-human transmission. Containment of influenza A (H5N1) in poultry throughout Asia is therefore urgently require