Nuchal Cord and Perinatal Outcome at the Yaounde General Hospital, Cameroon

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of nuchal cord at delivery and perinatal outcome. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study from 1992–2008 at the Yaounde General Hospital. Obstetrical and neonatal variables were compared in the loose and tight nuchal cord groups and a control group (no nuchal cord). Of 9275 deliveries recorded, 16.2% had a nuchal cord. Of these nuchal cords, 75.81% were loose and 24.18% were tight. Cesarean delivery rate was lower in the loose and tight nuchal cord groups when compared with control group (P <.001;P < .05). Low Apgar scores < 7 at the 1st and 5th minutes were less in the loose nuchal cord group when compared with control group (P = .06, P = .7). In tight nuchal cord group, low Apgar score < 7 at the 1st minute was significantly higher, when low Apgar score < 7 at the 5th minute was non significantly higher when compared with control group (P < .001, P = .14). Transfer rate to neonatology unit was lower in the loose and tight nuchal cord than in the control group. Loose nuchal cord may not be associated with adverse perinatal outcome. However, tight nuchal cord may be associated with increased risk of low Apgar score < 7 at the 1st minute. Consequently, the ultrasound diagnosis of a nuchal cord at the end of pregnancy should not be the indication of elective cesarean delivery.Keywords nuchal cord; perinatal outcome; Apgar scor

Are oral health conditions associated with schoolchildren's performance and school attendance in the Kingdom of Bahrain? A life-course perspective

Background The link between oral diseases and school performance and school attendance remains unclear among Middle Eastern children. Aim To investigate the relationship of oral conditions with schoolchildren’s school performance and attendance using the life course approach. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted with 466 schoolchildren aged 7-8 years from Kingdom of Bahrain (KoB) and their parents. Questionnaire data on children’s current and at birth environmental characteristics were completed by their parents. Children’s oral health measures, including ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System), PUFA (Pulp, Ulcer, Fistula, Abscess), and DDE (Developmental Defects of Enamel) indices, were the exposure variables. School performance and school attendance data obtained from the school register were the outcome variables. The data were analysed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Results The odds of Excellent school performance were significantly lower for children with untreated dentine caries (OR = 0.98 CI 95%: 0.96-0.99). Children with caries-treated teeth showed greater odds of Excellent school performance (OR=1.41 CI 95%: 1.15-1.74). A permissive parental style was associated with poor school attendance (OR= 2.63 CI 95%: 1.08-6.42). Conclusion Dental caries was associated with poor school performance but not with school attendance. Treated caries was associated with good school performance

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy In The Management Of Breast Cancer: Is it feasible in low- resource countries?

Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has been traditionally a routine component of the management of breast cancer. However ALND is associated with a significant increased risk of long term arm morbidity (lymphoedema, pain, numbness and motion restriction).Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a less invasive alternative to ALND for axillary staging of breast cancer. The concept of SLNB is based on identification and excision of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) by probe guided gamma detector after peritumour injection of radio active substance (Tec99) and/or visualisation of these node(s) after peritumour injection of vital blue dyes (patent blue, iso sulfur blue) in the clinically lymph node negative and early breast carcinoma (T1 and small T

Juvenile Gigantomastia Treated By Reduction Mammoplasty With Nipple-Areola Complex Grafting In The Yaounde General Hospital, Cameroon

Juvenile gigantomastia is a rare benign disorder of the breast. The etiology of this disorder is unknown. The authors present the case of a 13 year-old girl, who presented a six month history of rapid bilateral asymmetric breast enlargement after menarche. The patient underwent bilateral reduction mammoplasty with a nipple-areola complex grafting. A total of 11100g tissue was removed representing 21% of her body weight. Nine months after surgery, the esthetic result was satisfactory and no signs of recurrence were noted. This case is proof that reduction mammoplasty can give satisfactory results even in developing countries.La gigantomastie juvénile est une maladie bénigne rare des seins . L\'étiologie n\'est pas connue. Les auteurs rapportent le cas d\'une jeune fille de 13 ans, qui a présenté en six mois après sa ménarche un développement mammaire rapide, asymétrique et exagéré. Une mammoplastie de réduction avec greffe de la plaque aréolo-mamelonnaire a été réalisée. Au total 11100g de tissu mammaire ont été excisés, soit 21% de son poids corporel. Neuf mois après la chirurgie, le résultat esthétique est satisfaisant et aucun signe de récidive n\'est noté. Ce cas est une preuve que la plastie mammaire de réduction peut être pratiquée avec un résultat satisfaisant même dans les pays en voie de développement.Keywords:Juvénile - Gigantomastie - Yaoundé, Cameroun.Juvénile - Gigantomastie - Yaoundé, Cameroun.Clinics in Mother and Child Health Vol. 5 (2) 2008: pp. 951-95