9,346 research outputs found
Wideband pulse propagation: single-field and multi-field approaches to Raman interactions
We model the process of ultra broadband light generation in which a pair of
laser pulses separated by the Raman frequency drive a Raman transition. In
contrast to the usual approach using separate field envelopes for the different
frequency components, we treat the field as a single entity. This requires the
inclusion of few-cycle corrections to the pulse propagation. Our single-field
model makes fewer approximations and is mathematically (and hence
computationally) simpler, although it does require greater computational
resources to implement. The single-field theory reduces to the traditional
multi-field one using appropriate approximations.Comment: 6 pages, two 3-part figure
Exact soliton solutions of the nonlinear Helmholtz equation: communication
Exact analytical soliton solutions of the nonlinear Helmholtz equation are reported. A lucid generalization of paraxial soliton theory that incorporates nonparaxial effects is found
Propagation properties of nonparaxial spatial solitons
We present an analysis and simulation of the non-paraxial nonlinear Schroedinger equation. Exact general relations describing energy flow conservation and transformation invariance are reported, and then explained on physical grounds. New instabilities of fundamental and higher-order paraxial solitons are discovered in regimes where exact analytical non-paraxial solitons are found to be robust attractors. Inverse-scattering theory and the known form
of solutions are shown to enable the prediction of the characteristics of nonparaxial soliton formation. Finally, analysis of higher-order soliton break up due to non-paraxial effects reveals features that appear to be of a rather general nature
Advection Dominated Accretion Flows Around Kerr Black Holes
We derive all relevant equations needed for constructing a global general
relativistic model of advectively cooled, very hot, optically thin accretion
disks around black holes and present solutions which describe advection
dominated flows in the gravitational field of a Kerr black hole.Comment: ApJ submitte
Kaleidoscope laser
We report the first calculations of mode patterns of unstable-cavity lasers with truly two-dimensional transverse geometries. A detailed account of numerical techniques, incorporating a nonorthogonal beam-propagation method, and results for cavities with a range of transverse symmetries, such as regular polygonal and rhomboid, are presented. In view of the beautiful complexity of the eigenmodes predicted, a novel kaleidoscope laser is proposed
The Attitudes about Complex Therapy Scale (ACTS) in Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Development, Validity and Reliability
Background: Type 2 diabetes is associated with cardiovascular disease, and patients with both conditions are prescribed complex medication regimens.
Aim: The aim was to develop a reliable and valid measure of attitudes associated with the prescription and management of multiple medicines in patients with Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Methods: Principal component analysis (PCA) and Cronbach alpha assessed the reliability of the Attitudes about Complex Therapy Scale (ACTS). Examinations of relationships with related measures inform concurrent validity. Questionnaires were sent to a cross-sectional sample of 480 people prescribed multiple medicines for co-morbid Type 2 diabetes.
Results: Cronbach alpha was 0.76, indicating the scale had good internal reliability. PCA rotated a four factor model accounting for 37% of the variance. Four subscales identified; 1. Concerns about multiple medicines and increasing numbers of medicines; 2.Anxiety over missed medicines; 3. Desires to substitute medicines and reduce the number of medicines prescribed and; 4. Perceptions related to organising and managing complex therapy. The ACTS showed significant relationships with measures of anxiety, depression, general beliefs about medicines and self-efficacy. Also, the ACTS significantly correlated with adherence to medicines, showing good predictive validity.
Conclusion: The ACTS was designed to assess negative attitudes towards complex therapy and multiple medication management. This tool could aid prescribing decisions and may identify people who are intentionally non-adherent to all or some of their medicines
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