Pathological, cytological, microbiological and molecular investigations of pneumonia caused by pasteurella multocida and mannheimia haemolytica

Aim: In cattle breeding, pneumonia caused by Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica is very important due to the economic losses caused. In this study, it was aimed to reveal cytological findings in pneumonic bovine lungs and nasal swaps due to P. multocida and M. haemolytica determined by microbiological methods and real time PCR. Materials and Methods: In this study, bacteriological culture, histopathological, cytological and real time PCR techniques were used in pneumonic bovine lungs. Cytological findings were evaluated in cases of pneumonia whose etiological agent was identified as M.haemolytica and P.multocida by real time PCR and were compared with other pneumonia types Results: Cytological findings were recorded in smear samples prepared from nasal swaps and lung samples. Pneumonia caused by P. multocida and M. haemolytica was detected in 23 cases (9.87%) out of 233 cattle with signs of pneumonia. P.multocida and M.haemolytica were determined to occur in about 51.11% of the animals with fibrinous pneumonia. During the cytological examination of these cases, neutrophils were seen increased in number compared to the other types of pneumonia. In addition to neutrophils, the number of lymphocytes and ciliated epithelial cells was also significantly increased in these cases compared to the other fibrinous pneumonia cases in which P.multocida ve M.haemolytica was not detected. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that P. multocida and M. haemolytica cause a fibrinous type of pneumonia and constitute an important portion of cattle respiratory diseases. Clinically, cytology results may be evaluated for the typing of pneumonia

Prevalence of chlamydophila psittaci infection in pigeons and paraquets by a real time polymerase chain reaction

Aim: Avian chlamydiosis is a systemic, zoonotic, sometimes fatal disease caused by Chlamydophila psittaci in domestic and wild poultry. Although C. psittaci does not always cause serious disease in poultry, it can cause serious disease especially in immunosuppressive humans. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. psittaci, in stool samples of pigeons and paraquets, in Konya province. Materials and Methods: Fifty pigeon feces samples taken from a total of 600 pigeons belonging to 24 different breeders and 52 fecal samples taken from 632 paraquets from 30 different breeders were the samples in this study. The presence of C. psittaci was investigated by Real Time PCR based on the presence of ompA gene in these samples. Results: The presence of C.psittaci ompA gene was determined as 2% and 1%, respectively, by real time PCR in stool samples of pigeons and paraquet in Konya region. Conclusion: The fact that the disease is zoonotic and people's close contact with poultry, especially pigeons and caged birds is increased the importance of the disease in terms of public healthday day by day

Diagnosis of mycoplasmosis in chicks by pathological and real time-pcr methods

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the suitability of the Real Time-PCR in the diagnosis of mycoplasmosis and to determine the pathologic findings in lungs, air sacs, trachea, hearth, liver and kidney tissues. Materials and Methods: Conjunctiva and tracheal swab samples were taken from broiler chicks with respiratory disease complaints from 3 different breeders were used. Ten chicks from three separate flock in each breeders were collected. Trachea, air sac, lung, liver, kidney, and heart samples were also collected from the same chicks after necropsy in order to perform pathological, microbiological and Real Time-PCR analyses. Results: Clinically, nasal and conjunctival discharge and wheezing were observed. Macroscopic examination illustrated gross catarrhal exudation in trachea and bronchus. In microscopically, hyperplasia in trachea and bronchus epithelia, mucus producing cells and mononuclear cellular infiltration in lamina propria were observed. Mycoplasma spp. were successfully isolated in the tracheal tissue of 8 broiler chicks. M. gallisepticum specific nucleic acid was amplified from tissue and swab samples of 22 broiler chicks by RT-PCR. Conclusion: RT-PCR seems to be an alternative method when microbiological analyses are laborious or fails in diagnosis of mycoplasmosis

Strontium Chloride: Can It Be a New Treatment Option for Ulcerative Colitis?

Background/Aims. Patients with ulcerative colitis still need effective therapy without major side effects. It has been found that strontium can suppress NFκB activation induced by TNF-α. This opens a gate to a new anti-TNF agent which is cheap and can be given orally. We for the first time aimed to investigate the effect of strontium chloride (SrCl2) on inflammation in experimental colitis.Methods. Thirty female Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups each containing 6 rats. The rats in groups 1 and 2 served as the healthy control and colitis group, respectively. The rats in groups 3, 4, and 5 had colitis and received 40 mg/kg SrCl2, 160 mg/kg SrCl2, and 1 mg/kg prednisolone by oral gavage, respectively. The rats were sacrificed for histological evaluation and determination of serum neopterin, TNF-α, and IFN-γlevels.Results. The neopterin, TNF-αand IFNγlevels of group 2 was significantly higher than the other groups. The neopterin, TNF-α, and IFN-γlevels of controls and other treatment groups were comparable. There were a significant difference in macroscopic and microscopic healing between group 2 and other groups histologically. But there was not a significant difference within treatment receiving groups.Conclusion. SrCl2had comparable therapeutic efficiency with prednisolone.</jats:p

An anatomical aspect on masseteric muscles in cattle rabies by real-time pcr

Aim: In this case, the anatomical pathways on masticatory muscles of cattle infected rabies virüs have been determined by Real Time PCR (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods: A 1.5-year old male Brown Swiss cattle which was bitten in face by dog was used. The cattle was died 15 days post exposure to the dog rabies suspected. The areas where the tissue samples to taken. The origin, course and branches of the trigeminal nerve were exposed by standart dissection method. Rabies virus was investigated on 32 different parts of the cattle's head by means of TaqMan Probe-Based Real-Time PCR and FAT. Results: The rabies virus specific nucleic acid was detected in masseter muscles motor nerves; N. mandibularis branch of N. trigeminus, N. masticatorius, motor leaf of N. mandibularis, N. massetericus and Nn. temporalis profunda which are two extra branches of N. masticatorius, unilaterally ganglion trigeminale, and pons by Real Time-PCR. However, no rabies virus has been detected in the samples obtained from other different parts of the brain. Conclusion: Contrary to immunohistochemical methods, it is not possible to trace neuronal connections across synapses within the brain. RT-PCR method could be helpful to detect pathways of the neurotropic agents suspected cattle

The surveillance of mycobacterium bovis isolates with miru- vntr and spoligotyping.

TEZ9279Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2013.Kaynakça (s. 66-75) var.xii, 76 s. : tablo ; 29 cm.İnsan ve hayvan tüberküloz olgularından izole edilen M. bovis suşlarının epidemiyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, kaynağı hayvan ve hayvan ürünleri olan bir grup tüberküloz olgusunun kontrolü ve etkin kontrol tedbirleri ile en aza indirilmesini sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada Çukurova bölgesinde pulmoner tüberküloz ön tanılı hastaların balgam örnekleri ile Adana mezbahasında et üretimi amacı ile kesilen hayvanların akciğer ve lenf nodlarının makroskopik incelemelerinde tüberküloz şüphesi yaratacak lezyona sahip olan dokulardan izole edilen M. bovis suşlarının muhtemel bir bulaşa delil teşkil etmek üzere klonal düzeyde irdelenmeleri ve bu amaçla kullanılan yöntemlerin tek başlarına veya birlikte kullanılmaları halindeki ayırım güçlerinin tespiti amaçlandı. Çalışmaya Mart 2011-Haziran 2012 tarihleri arasında izole ve identifiye edilen hayvan kökenli 32 ile insan kökenli 10 M. bovis izolatı dahil edildi. Klonal ilişkinin belirlenmesinde 12 lokus MIRU-VNTR yöntemi ile spoligotyping yöntemi kullanıldı. Test izolatlarının tamamının spoligotipleme ile 6, MIRU-VNTR ile 10 farklı patern gösterdikleri, her iki yöntemin birlikte kullanılması halinde ise patern sayısının 28’e çıktığı, MIRU lokusları içerisinde MRU4, MIRU26, MIRU31 ve MIRU40’ın ayırım gücü en yüksek lokuslar olduğu, spoligotiplemede de izolatların % 42.85 oranı ile SB0120 paterninde yoğunlaştıkları, aynı yöntemle 7 izolatın M. bovis ssp caprae paterni, 2 insan izolatının da M. bovis BCG paterni sergiledikleri, 5 insan izolatının spoligotyping ve MIRU-VNTR kalıplarının sığır kökenli izolatlar ile % 100 uyumlu olduğu yani ortak kökenden enfekte edildikleri görüldü. Bu çalışmada M. bovis izolatlarının epidemiyolojik analizinde spoligotyping ve MIRU-VNTR yöntemlerinin birlikte kullanılması halinde ayırım güçlerinin her iki yöntemin tek başına kullanılmasına oranla daha yüksek olduğu, bölgemizde bir kaynaktan köken alan suşların hem insanları hem de hayvanları enfekte ettiği bu sebeple de M. bovis moleküler epidemiyolojisine yönelik çalışmaların sürdürülerek elde edilen sonuçların Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı ile paylaşılmasının uygun olacağı kanaatine varılmıştır.)To determine the epidemiological characteristics of M. bovis strains, isolated from human and animal tuberculosis cases, will be minimized by controlling a group of tuberculosis cases which is the source of animals and animal products and with effective control measures. In this study, It was aimed the investigation of M. bovis strains isolated from sputum samples of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Çukurova region and lungs and lymph nodes of slaughtered animals for meat production in Adana slaughterhouse on clonal level and determination of separation forces of methods used for this purpose, either alone or together, to be evidence of a possible transmission.Thirty-two M. bovis isolates of animal origin and 10 of human origin, isolated and identified between March 2011-June 2012, were used. 12 locus MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping method was used for determining the clonal relationship. Six different pattern by spoligotyping and 10 by MIRU-VNTR was determined. When both methods were used together, the number of pattern was found to be 28 and MIRU4, MIRU26, MIRU31, MIRU40 discrimination power was the highest loci. The isolates concantrated in SB0120 pattern in the rate of 42.85 % in spoligotyping. By the same method, it was seen of 7 isolates were M bovis ssp caprae pattern and of 2 human isolates were M. bovis BCG pattern. Neverthless, spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR patterns were competible with isolates originated from cattle. The use of spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR methods together was found more sensitive in epidemiological analysis of M. bovis isolates when compared to the use of either method alone. It is concluded that strains, sourced from same source in our region, infect both humans and animals. Therefore, continuation of studies on the molecular epidemiology of M. bovis and would be appropriate to share with the Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: TF2011D1

Pathological, cytological, microbiological and molecular investigations of pneumonia caused by Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica

Aim: In cattle breeding, pneumonia caused by Pasteurella multocida andMannheimia haemolytica is very important due to the economic losses caused. In this study, it was aimed to reveal cytological findings in pneumonicbovine lungs and nasal swaps due to P. multocida and M. haemolytica determined by microbiological methods and real time PCR.Materials and Methods: In this study, bacteriological culture, histopathological, cytological and real time PCR techniques were used in pneumonic bovine lungs. Cytological findings were evaluated in cases of pneumonia whoseetiological agent was identified as M.haemolytica and P.multocida by realtime PCR and were compared with other pneumonia typesResults: Cytological findings were recorded in smear samples prepared fromnasal swaps and lung samples. Pneumonia caused by P. multocida and M.haemolytica was detected in 23 cases (9.87%) out of 233 cattle with signsof pneumonia. P.multocida and M.haemolytica were determined to occur inabout 51.11% of the animals with fibrinous pneumonia. During the cytological examination of these cases, neutrophils were seen increased in numbercompared to the other types of pneumonia. In addition to neutrophils, thenumber of lymphocytes and ciliated epithelial cells was also significantly increased in these cases compared to the other fibrinous pneumonia cases inwhich P.multocida ve M.haemolytica was not detected.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that P. multocida and M. haemolytica cause a fibrinous type of pneumonia and constitute an importantportion of cattle respiratory diseases. Clinically, cytology results may be evaluated for the typing of pneumonia