Olasznád (arundo donax l.) ökotípusok réz-toleranciája és bioenergetikai hasznosítása

The present research aimed to investigate the copper (Cu) tolerance and uptake efficiency of different epigenetic clones of giant reed plant (Arundo donax L.) collected from Hungary (20SZ and STM), USA (BL), and Spain (ESP). A 6 week two in vitro experiments using liquid and solid MS medium fortified with 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 26.8 mg Cu L-1 against control were carried out using BL and 20SZ ecotypes. Also, four months greenhouse experiment was conducted using BL, STM, and ESP ecotypes grown on acid-washed sand (soil-like growth medium) enhanced with 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg Cu kg-1. The results of in vitro experiments showed that BL and 20SZ ecotypes did not exhibit any foliar toxicity symptoms after growing on elevated Cu concentrations up to 10 mg Cu L-1. Almost 59% of total uptake Cu in whole plant tissues was found in root only of both ecotypes. Therefore, roots of BL and 20SZ plants became short and few as a consequence for high Cu content found in root systems. Additionally, both ecotypes showed high Cu removal efficiency from aqueous solution. However, Cu removal rate ranged between 96.6 to 98.8 % for BL ecotype and 97 to 100 % for 20SZ ecotype. Results derived from greenhouse experiment explained that BL, STM, and ESP ecotypes showed considerable tolerance for high Cu concentrations. Cu content in root system of investigated STM, BL, and ESP ecotypes of giant reed significantly increased with increasing Cu concentrations in experimental pots. However, all ecotypes accumulated increasing amounts of Cu within their root systems with increasing Cu level in treatments. Values of removal rate (RR) ranged from minimum 81% to maximum 89% regarding STM, BL, and ESP ecotypes. Adding Cu to soil-like growth medium enhanced the protein content of root system of all three studied ecotypes of giant reed. All ecotypes showed higher contents of malondialdehyde under different Cu treatments compared to control plant. BL, STM and ESP plants showed increasing contents of chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids.Jelen kutatás tárgya különböző földrajzi helyekről (Magyarország: STM, 20SZ; USA: Blossom; Spanyolország: ESP) származó olasznád (Arundo donax L.) ökotípusok réztoleranciájának és a rézfelvétel hatékonyságának vizsgálata. A hat hétig tartó in vitro kísérletben folyékony illetve agarral szilárdított táptalajon hasonlítottuk össze BL és 20SZ ökotípusú, szomatikus embrió eredetű olasznád csíranövények réztoleranciáját 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 26.8 mg Cu L-1 koncentrációkat alkalmazva. Ezzel együtt négy hónapig tartó ex vitro üvegházi kísérlet is része volt ennek a kutatásnak, mely során BL, STM és ESP ökotípusú olasznád palánták voltak savval mosott kvarchomokba (mint ülető közeg) ültetve. A kísérleti beállításban 100, 200, 300 és 400 mg Cu kg-1 koncentrációkat alkalmaztunk. Az eredmények azt mutatták, hogy a két vizsgált olasznád ökotípus a folyékony táptalajból nagy hatékonysággal tudta felvenni a rezet. Az eltávolítási hatékonyságot 96,6 – 100% között realizáltuk. A felvett réz közel 59%-a a gyökérben halmozódott fel mindkét ökotípusnál. Ezzel magyarázható a megrövidült és gyérült gyökér rendszer. Ugyanakkor a növekvő réz koncentráció 10 mg Cu L-1-ig nem mutatott gátló hatást a növények hajtásában sem BL, sem 20SZ ökotípus esetében, ami a mikroelem kisebb mértékű transzlokációjának tudható be. Az üvegházi kísérlet eredményei is azt erősítették, hogy az olasznád magas koncentrációban tolerálja a rezet (≥400 mg Cu kg-1) mindhárom vizsgált ökotípus ismeretében. A közegből történő rézeltávolítási hatékonyság magas volt, 81 – 89% között változott A felvett réz főként a gyökér rendszerben halmozódott fel, ami gátolta fejlődésüket magasabb kezelési tartományban. Ugyanakkor a növekvő réz koncentráció mellett magasabb malondialdehid tartalmat mértünk lipidperoxidációra utalva. A fotoszintetikus pigment tartalomban szintén szintén növekedés volt tapasztalható

Refining high-quality leaf protein and valuable co-products from green biomass of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) for sustainable protein supply

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Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals in Leaf Protein Concentrate of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is widely known to have inulin-rich tubers. However, its fresh aerial biomass produces significant levels of leaf protein and economic bioactive phytochemicals. We have characterized leaf protein concentrate (JAPC) isolated from green biomass of three Jerusalem artichoke clones, Alba, Fuseau, and Kalevala, and its nutritional value for the human diet or animal feeding. The JAPC yield varied from 28.6 to 31.2 g DM k

Ecotoxicology of Copper in Horticultural Soils: a Review

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Comparison of Wet Fractionation Methods for Processing Broccoli Agricultural Wastes and Evaluation of the Nutri-Chemical Values of Obtained Products

The main objective of this study was to increase the economic value of broccoli green agro-waste using three wet fractionation methods in the shadow of green biorefinery and the circular economy. Product candidates were obtained directly by using a mechanical press, and indirectly by using microwave coagulation or via lactic acid fermentation of green juice. The leaf protein concentrates (LPC) fractions displayed significantly higher dry matter content and crude protein content (34–39 m/m% on average) than the green juice fraction (27.4 m/m% on average), without considerable changes in the amino acids composition ratio. UHPLC-ESI-ORBITRAP-MS/MS analysis showed that kaemferol and quercetin are the most abundant flavonols, forming complexes with glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acids in green juice. Lacto-ermentation induced a considerable increase in the quantity of quercetin (48.75 μg·g−1 dry weight) and kaempferol aglycons (895.26 μg·g−1 dry weight) of LPC. In contrast, chlorogenic acid isomers and sulforaphane disappeared from LPC after lactic acid fermentation, while microwave treatment did not cause significant differences. These results confirm that both microwave treatment and lacto-fermentation coagulate and concentrate most of the soluble proteins. Also, these two processes affect the amount of valuable phytochemicals differently, so it should be considered when setting the goal

Effects of Foliar Nutrition on Onion Seed Storage under Controlled Atmosphere

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Effects of Foliar Nutrition on Onion Seed Storage under Modified Atmosphere Packages

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Chemical Traits of Fermented Alfalfa Brown Juice: Its Implications on Physiological, Biochemical, Anatomical, and Growth Parameters of Celosia

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Foliar Nutrition and Post-Harvest of Onion Seed: effects of storage temperatures, storage period and foliar nutrition

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Uptake Dynamics of Ionic and Elemental Selenium Forms and Their Metabolism in Multiple-Harvested Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

A pot experiment, under greenhouse conditions, was carried out aiming at investigating the agronomic biofortification of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with Se and monitoring the Se uptake and accumulation dynamics within four consecutive harvests within the same growing season. Two ionic Se forms, i.e., sodium selenate (Se (VI)) and sodium selenite (Se (IV)), were applied once at a rate of 1, 10, and 50 mg k