Vanadium Inhalation in a Mouse Model for the Understanding of Air-Suspended Particle Systemic Repercussion

There is an increased concern about the health effects that air-suspended particles have on human health which have been dissected in animal models. Using CD-1 mouse, we explore the effects that vanadium inhalation produce in different tissues and organs. Our findings support the systemic effects of air pollution. In this paper, we describe our findings in different organs in our conditions and contrast our results with the literature

Comparison Of The Success Rates Of Four Anesthetic Solutions For Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block In Patients With Irreversible Pulpitis. A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Study

Introduction: This study compared the efficacy of four anesthetic solutions for inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in patients with irreversible pulpitis. Material and Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-blind tudy included 60 adult volunteers. The patients were randomly divided into four groups of 15 and received conventional IANB as follows: Group ART - 2 cartridges of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, Group LID - 2 cartridges of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, Group PRI - 2 cartridges of 3% prilocaine with 0.03 IU felypressin; and Group MEP - 2 cartridges of 2% mepivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. Access was begun 10 minutes after IANB, and patients were instructed to rate any pain felt during the endodontic procedure. The success of IANB was defined as access and instrumentation of root canals with no pain. If the patient felt any pain, the treatment was discontinued immediately and the anesthetic procedure was classified as unsuccessful. Results: The chi-square test was used to analyze results (α = 5%). There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the efficacy of IANB between the ART (53.33%), PRI (46.66%), and MEP (53.33%) groups. However, the success rate in the LID group was statistically lower (20%) than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: None of the anesthetic solutions had an acceptable success rate for IANB in patients with irreversible pulpitis. The solution of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine had the worst rate when compared to the other groups.132226Aggarwal, V., Singla, M., Kabi, D., Comparative evaluation of anesthetic efficacy of Gow-Gates mandibular conduction anesthesia, Vazirani-Akinosi technique, buccal-plus-lingual infiltrations, and conventional inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2010) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod., 109 (2), pp. 303-308Veering, B.T., Complications and local anaesthetic toxicity in regional anaesthesia (2003) Curr Opin Anaesthesiol., 16 (5), pp. 455-459Nusstein, J., Reader, A., Beck, F.M., Anesthetic efficacy of different volumes of lidocaine with epinephrine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks (2002) Gen Dent., 50 (4), pp. 372-375. , quiz 376-7Potocnik, I., Bajrovic, F., Failure of inferior alveolar nerve block in endodontics (1999) Endod Dent Traumatol., 15, pp. 247-251Levy, T., An assessment of the Gow-Gates mandibular block for third molar surgery (1981) J Am Dent Assoc, 103 (7), pp. 37-41Malamed, S.F., The Gow-Gates mandibular bloc. Evaluation after 4,275 cases. (1981) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol., 51 (5), pp. 463-467Watson, J.E., Gow-Gates, G.A., A clinical evaluation of the Gow- Gates mandibular block technique (1976) N Z Dent J., 72, pp. 220-223Tortamano, I.P., Siviero, M., Costa, C.G., Buscariolo, I.A., Armonia, P.L., A comparison of the anesthetic efficacy of articaine and lidocaine in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2009) J Endod., 35 (2), pp. 165-168. , Epub 2008 Dec 12Aggarwal, V., Jain, A., Kabi, D., Anesthetic efficacy of supplemental buccal and lingual infiltrations of articaine and lidocaine after an inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2009) J Endod., 35 (7), pp. 925-929Claffey, E., Reader, A., Nusstein, J., Beck, M., Weaver, J., Anesthetic efficacy of articaine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2004) J Endod., 30 (8), pp. 568-571Kennedy, S., Reader, A., Nusstein, J., Beck, M., Weaver, J., The significance of needle deflection in success of the inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2003) J Endod., 29 (10), pp. 630-633Reisman, D., Reader, A., Nist, R., Beck, M., Weaver, J., Anesthetic efficacy of the supplemental intraosseous injection of 3% mepivacaine in irreversible pulpitis (1997) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod., 84 (6), pp. 676-682Nusstein, J., Reader, A., Nist, R., Beck, M., Meyers, W.J., Anesthetic efficacy of the supplemental intraosseous injection of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in irreversible pulpitis (1998) J Endod., 24 (7), pp. 487-491Cohen, H.P., Cha, B.Y., Spångberg, L.S., Endodontic anesthesia in mandibular molars: a clinical study (1993) J Endod., 19 (7), pp. 370-373Hargreaves, K.M., Keiser, K., Local anesthetic failure in endodontics: mechanisms and management (2002) Endod Topics, 1, pp. 26-39Goodis, H.E., Poon, A., Hargreaves, K.M., Tissue pH and temperature regulate pulpal nociceptors (2006) J Dent Res., 85, pp. 1046-1049Stenholm, E., Bongenhielm, U., Ahlquist, M., Fried, K., VRl- and VRL-llike immunoreactivity in normal and injured trigeminal dental primary sensory neurons of the rat (2002) Acta Odontol Scand., 60 (2), pp. 72-79Renton, T., Yiangou, Y., Baecker, P.A., Ford, A.P., Anand, P., Capsaicin receptor VR1 and ATP purinoceptor P2X3 in painful and nonpainful human tooth pulp (2003) J Orofac Pain., 17 (3), pp. 245-250Sherman, M.G., Flax, M., Namerow, K., Murray, P.E., Anesthetic efficacy of the Gow-Gates injection and maxillary infiltration with articaine and lidocaine for irreversible pulpitis (2008) J Endod., 34 (6), pp. 656-659. , Epub 2008 Apr 25Corbett, I.P., Ramacciato, J.C., Groppo, F.C., Meechan, J.G., A survey of local anaesthetic use among general dental practitioners in the UK attending postgraduate courses on pain control (2005) Br Dent J., 199 (12), pp. 784-787. , discussion 778Malamed, S.F., Local anesthetics: dentistry's most important drugs, clinical update 2006 (2006) J Calif Dent Assoc., 34 (12), pp. 971-976Gaffen, A.S., Haas, D.A., Survey of local anesthetic use by Ontario dentists (2009) J Can Dent Assoc., 75 (9), p. 649Nayak, R., Sudha, P., Evaluation of three topical anaesthetic agents against pain: a clinical study (2006) Indian J Dent Res., 17 (4), pp. 155-160Maniglia-Ferreira, C., Almeida-Gomes, F., Carvalho-Sousa, B., Barbosa, A.V., Lins, C.C., Souza, F.D., Clinical evaluation of the use of three anesthetics in endodontics (2009) Acta Odontol Latinoam., 22 (1), pp. 21-26Rosenberg, P.A., Amin, K.G., Zibari, Y., Lin, L.M., Comparison of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine when used as a supplemental anesthetic. (2007) J Endod, 33 (4), pp. 403-405. , Epub 2007 Feb 20, AprCamarda, A.J., Hochman, M.N., Franco, L., Naseri, L., A prospective clinical patient study evaluating the effect of increasing anesthetic volume on inferior alveolar nerve block success rate (2007) Quintessence Int., 38 (8), pp. e521-e526Lai, T.N., Lin, C.P., Kok, S.H., Yang, P.J., Kuo, Y.S., Lan, W.H., Evaluation of mandibular block using a standardized method (2006) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod., 102 (4), pp. 462-468. , Epub 2006 Jun 8Aggarwal, V., Singla, M., Kabi, D., Comparative evaluation of effect of preoperative oral medication of ibuprofen and ketorolac on anesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block with lidocaine in patients with irreversible pulpitis: a prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial (2010) J Endod., 36 (3), pp. 375-378Oleson, M., Drum, M., Reader, A., Nusstein, J., Beck, M., Effect of preoperative ibuprofen on the success of the inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2010) J Endod., 36 (3), pp. 379-382Lindemann, M., Reader, A., Nusstein, J., Drum, M., Beck, M., Effect of sublingual triazolam on the success of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2008) J Endod., 34 (10), pp. 1167-1170. , Epub 2008 Aug 23Bigby, J., Reader, A., Nusstein, J., Beck, M., Anesthetic efficacy of lidocaine/meperidine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2007) J Endod., 33 (1), pp. 7-10Corbett, I.P., Kanaa, M.D., Whitworth, J.M., Meechan, J.G., Articaine infiltration for anesthesia of mandibular first molars (2008) J Endod., 34 (5), pp. 514-518Matthews, R., Drum, M., Reader, A., Nusstein, J., Beck, M., Articaine for supplemental buccal mandibular infiltration anesthesia in patients with irreversible pulpitis when the inferior alveolar nerve block fails (2009) J Endod., 35 (3), pp. 343-346Nusstein, J., Clafey, E., Reader, A., Beck, M., Weaver, J., Anesthetic effectiveness of the supplemental intraligamentary injection, administered with a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery system, in patients with irreversible pulpitis (2005) J Endod., 31, pp. 354-358Bigby, J., Reader, A., Nusstein, J., Beck, M., Weaver, J., Articaine for supplemental intraosseous anesthesia in patients with irreversible pulpitis. (2006) J Endod, 32 (11), pp. 1044-1047. , Epub 2006 Jul 2

Miastenia gravis familiar: registro de dois irmãos

A forma familiar da miastenia gravis é condição relativamente rara, ocorrendo em cerca de 3,4% dos pacientes miastênicos. Os autores registram os casos de dois irmãos não-gêmeos, apresentando miastenia gravis com acometimento predominantemente ocular desde o nascimento. Um terceiro irmão faleceu na infância, provavelmente com a mesma afecção. Os pais eram consanguíneos. Estudo da incidência da forma familiar da miastenia e de seus aspectos clínicos, genéticos e terapêuticos complementa os registros

Polineuropatia por triclorfon registro de um caso com estudo eletrofisiodógico e histopatológico do nervo sural

É apresentado caso de paciente agricultor que, após uso inadequado de inseticida organofosforado (triclorfon), teve sinais e sintomas de intoxicação aguda e, três meses após, desenvolveu quadro de polineuropatia sensitivo-motora. O exame eletroneuromiográfico revelou alterações axonais e desmielinizantes difusas. O estudo do nervo sural, em cortes semi-finos, à ultramicroscopia e à técnica de fibras isoladas revelou degeneração axonal e transformação granular do axoplasma com perda dos neurofilamentos e neurotúbulos

Quercus humboldtii (Colombian Oak) Characterisation of wood phenolic composition with respect to traditional oak wood used in oenology

The use of new oak barrels and the demand for oak wood in oenology is increasing. Thus, it is necessary to search for new wood sources to supply the current demand in cooperage. The aim of this work was to study the composition of ellagitannins and low molecular weight phenolic compounds (LMWP) by HPLC-DAD of green wood Quercus humboldtii Bonpl. (Colombian), compared to the species typically used in cooperage Quercus sessiliflora Salisb. (French and Romanian) and Quercus alba L. (USA). In Colombian oak wood, the same LMWP and ellagitannins as in the traditional species were identified. The most abundant LMWP was ellagic acid, and its concentration was lower in Q. humboldtii and Q. alba than in Q. sessiliflora, so these two presented a lower content of phenolic acids. As regards phenolic aldehydes, Colombian oak wood only showed significant differences in the content of coniferyl and sinapic aldehydes in relation to French oak. Finally, the total ellagitannin content of Q. humboldtii was lower than that of European oaks and similar to that of American oak (Q. alba). None of the ellagitannins studied presented significant differences compared to Q. alba. Therefore, Q. humboldtii wood was more similar in terms of phenolic composition to Q. alba than to Q. sessiliflora

Comparison of ingesting a food bar containing whey protein and isomalto-oligosaccharides to carbohydrate on performance and recovery from an acute bout of resistance-exercise and sprint conditioning: an open label, randomized, counterbalanced, crossover pilot study

Background We previously reported that consuming a food bar (FB) containing whey protein and the plant fiber isomalto-oligosaccharides [IMO] had a lower glycemic (GI) but similar insulinemic response as a high GI carbohydrate. Therefore, we hypothesized that ingestion of this FB before, during, and following intense exercise would better maintain glucose homeostasis and performance while hastening recovery in comparison to the common practice of ingesting carbohydrate alone. Methods Twelve resistance-trained males participated in an open label, randomized, counterbalanced, crossover trial with a 7-d washout period. Participants consumed a carbohydrate matched dextrose comparitor (CHO) or a FB containing 20 g of whey, 25 g of IMO, and 7 g of fat 30-min before, mid-way, and following intense exercise. Participants performed 11 resistance-exercises (3 sets of 10 repetitions at 70% of 1RM) followed by agility and sprint conditioning drills for time. Participants donated blood to assess catabolic and inflammatory markers, performed isokinetic strength tests, and rated perceptions of muscle soreness, hypoglycemia before, and following exercise and after 48 h of recovery. Data were analyzed using general linear models (GLM) for repeated measures and mean changes from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI) with a one-way analysis of variance. Data are reported as mean change from baseline with 95% CI. Results GLM analysis demonstrated that blood glucose was significantly higher 30-min post-ingestion for CHO (3.1 [2.0, 4.3 mmol/L,] and FB (0.8 [0.2, 1.5, mmol/L, p = 0.001) while the post-exercise ratio of insulin to glucose was greater with FB (CHO 0.04 [0.00, 0.08], FB 0.11 [0.07, 0.15], p = 0.013, η2 = 0.25). GLM analysis revealed no significant interaction effects between treatments in lifting volume of each resistance-exercise or total lifting volume. However, analysis of mean changes from baseline with 95% CI’s revealed that leg press lifting volume (CHO -130.79 [− 235.02, − 26.55]; FB -7.94 [− 112.17, 96.30] kg, p = 0.09, η2 = 0.12) and total lifting volume (CHO -198.26 [− 320.1, − 76.4], FB -81.7 [− 203.6, 40.1] kg, p = 0.175, η2 = 0.08) from set 1 to 3 was significantly reduced for CHO, but not for the FB. No significant interaction effects were observed in ratings of muscle soreness. However, mean change analysis revealed that ratings of soreness of the distal vastus medialis significantly increased from baseline with CHO while being unchanged with FB (CHO 1.88 [0.60, 3.17]; FB 0.29 [− 0.99, 1.57] cm, p = 0.083, η2 = 0.13). No significant GLM interaction or mean change analysis effects were seen between treatments in sprint performance, isokinetic strength, markers of catabolism, stress and sex hormones, or inflammatory markers. Conclusion Pilot study results provide some evidence that ingestion of this FB can positively affect glucose homeostasis, help maintain workout performance, and lessen perceptions of muscle soreness. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, #NCT03704337. Retrospectively registered 12, July 2018