Workers of God : The Holy See\u27s Liability for Clerical Sexual Abuse

In the 1970s, no Boston priest was more electrifying than Paul Richard Shanley. Ordained in 1960, he sought and received from his bishop, Boston cardinal Humberto Medeiros, a mission to minister to sexual minorities in 1970 and became a well-known Boston street priest. \u27 Wearing jeans and smoking Kool cigarettes, he gathered about him runaway gay teenagers and advocated fiercely for gay rights. Yet one of the boys drawn to him was the same one Shanley would be convicted of sexually abusing in 2005. In a civil suit seeking damages from the Archdiocese of Boston for its role in hiding Shanley\u27s abuse, the plaintiffs submitted at least twenty affidavits from Shanley\u27s victims detailing abuse from 1961 to 1988, including accounts of child sexual abuse and oral and anal rape. One victim\u27s affidavit states that during the abuse, Father Shanley would explain to me that he was a \u27worker of God\u27 and that the acts of abuse were sanctioned by God. God is not amenable to suit in the United States for the acts of His agents, but many victims have sued American bishops and dioceses in the Catholic Church. These suits have resulted in over $2 billion in settlements. Yet some victims are seeking the even deeper pockets of the Holy See, the ecclesial administrative body of the Catholic Church governed by the pope. The Holy See, an internationally recognized sovereign that maintains formal relations with 176 sovereign states and has permanent observer status at the UN General Assembly, would normally receive immunity from suit through the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act ( FSIA ). However, in two recent cases, O\u27Bryan v. Holy See and Doe v. Holy See, the Sixth and Ninth Circuit Courts of Appeals have held that suits against the Holy See may proceed through the tortious act exception of the FSIA. The plaintiffs alleged that the Holy See was liable through respondeat superior, a common law theory of vicarious liability holding employers liable for their employees\u27 tortious acts within the scope of their employment

Project High Hopes Summer Institute: Curriculum for Developing Talent in Students with Special Needs

This article examines a summer institute curriculum that was developed for and used with handicapped students who were identified as gifted in the area(s) of visual arts, performing arts, engineering, or life sciences. The students and the summer institute were part of a federally funded Javits program, Project High Hopes. The curriculum was real world, multi-disciplinary and problem based in that it used a decaying water feature on the school grounds as its focus. Using a creative problem solving process, students identified problems with the water feature, developed solutions, created presentations, and presented their solutions to the school board. Student products are described as are conclusions, results and possible implications for other educational settings

Visibility in space - Target description subroutine

Computer subroutine for use in calculating visibility of Lunar Excursion Module /LEM/ ASCENT stage during moon orbit rendezvous with Command Service Module /CSM

Selfconsistent Approximations in Mori's Theory

The constitutive quantities in Mori's theory, the residual forces, are expanded in terms of time dependent correlation functions and products of operators at $t=0$, where it is assumed that the time derivatives of the observables are given by products of them. As a first consequence the Heisenberg dynamics of the observables are obtained as an expansion of the same type. The dynamic equations for correlation functions result to be selfconsistent nonlinear equations of the type known from mode-mode coupling approximations. The approach yields a neccessary condition for the validity of the presented equations. As a third consequence the static correlations can be calculated from fluctuation-dissipation theorems, if the observables obey a Lie algebra. For a simple spin model the convergence of the expansion is studied. As a further test, dynamic and static correlations are calculated for a Heisenberg ferromagnet at low temperatures, where the results are compared to those of a Holstein Primakoff treatment.Comment: 51 pages, Latex, 3 eps figures included, elsart and epsf style files included, also available at http://athene.fkp.physik.th-darmstadt.de/public/wolfram.html and ftp://athene.fkp.physik.th-darmstadt.de/pub/publications/wolfram