Synthesis of polyamides from diamines of the fluorene series

Aromatic polyamides were prepared by polycondensation of isophthaloyl chloride and 2,7-diaminofluorene, 2,7-dimainofluorenone, or 2,5-diaminofluorenone in AcNMe2 or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone at 20 deg - 30 deg for 1.5-2 hr. Isophthaloyl chloride-2,5-diaminofluorenone copolymer 39609-29-51 was sol. in AcNMe2, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, DMF, and hexamethylphosphoramide, whereas isophthaloyl chloride-2,7-diamino-fluorene copolymer 39609-30-3 and isophthaloyl chloride-2,7-diamino-fluorenone copolymer 39609-31-0 were not sol. in the solvents cited. The aromatic polyamides revealed thixotropic properties in 0.5% solutions in H2SO4

ВРОЖДЕННЫЕ И ПРИОБРЕТЕННЫЕ ИНТЕРФЕРОНОПАТИИ: ДИФФЕРЕНЦИРОВАННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ИНТЕРФЕРОНКОРРЕКТИРУЮЩЕЙ ТЕРАПИИ

Various disturbances in the interferon system (IFN) — interferonopathy are considered. The classification of developed by the author is given. The clinical features of Type I interferonopathy associated with the overexpression of type I interferons in the rare Mendelian genetic diseases, some autoimmune diseases, the immune dysregulation syndrome, are characterized. The developed methods of targeted therapy of type I interferonopathies aimed at blocking overexpression of type I interferons as hyperproduction IFNa are described. Interferonopathies most often occur as IFN deficiency: congenital or acquired IFNa/b and IFNg deficiencies in children and adults who are associated with atypical viral or mycobacterial infections. Patients with congenital IFNa deficiency are shown to have replacement interferon therapy. With the acquired deficiency of IFNa, differentiated interferon-corrective therapy is performed. For replacement and interferon-corrective therapy, it is used with good clinical efficacy, safe, no side effects, recombinant human IFNa2b in combination with antioxidants — VIFERONR.Рассмотрены различные нарушения в системе интерферонов (ИФН) — интерферонопатии. Приводится разработанная автором классификация интерферонопатий. Охарактеризованы клинические особенности интерферонопатии I типа, ассоциированной с гиперпродукцией интерферона альфа — редкие генетические болезни Менделя, некоторые аутоиммунные заболевания, синдром иммунной дисрегуляции. Описаны разрабатываемые методы интерферонкорректирующей терапии. Таргетная терапия интерферонопатий I типа, направлена на блокирование гиперпродукции ИФНa. Наиболее часто встречаются интерферонопатии по типу дефицита ИФН: врожденные или приобретенные дефициты ИФНa/b и ИФНg у детей и взрослых, ассоциированные с нетипично протекающими вирусными или микобактериальными инфекциями. Пациентам с врожденным дефицитом ИФНa показана заместительная интерферонотерапия. При приобретенном дефиците ИФНa проводится дифференцированная интерферонкорригирующая терапия. Для проведения заместительной и интерферонкорригирующей терапии с хорошей клинической эффективностью используется безопасный, не имеющий побочных эффектов рекомбинантный человеческий ИФНa2b в комбинации с антиоксидантами — ВИФЕРОНR

MONO- AND MIXED-HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS: ASSOCIATION WITH CLINICAL SYNDROMES OF IMMUNODEFICIENCY

In recent years, the number of hard diagnosed, polysymptomatic and polysyndrome conditions and diseases caused by mono- and mixed-herpes infections has sharply increased in the practice of physicians of all specialties. The clinical aspects of the close attention of physicians, virologists and epidemiologists to this viral family are due not only to the onset of atypical forms of these infections, but also to the emergence of the relative new concept of “active chronic atypical infection” caused by herpesviruses and in particular the Epstein-Barr virus. We observed 198 people of both sexes aged between 23 and 60 years, suffering from mono- and mixed herpetic infections (EBV, CMV, HSV 1/2, and HSV type 6). 36% of these, suffered from mono-herpesvirus infections, mixed-herpesvirus infections were diagnosed in 63.7% of cases. A study of functioning characteristics of antiviral protection system as well as defects and disorders in the system of interferons was carried out in patients suffering from various mono-, mixed herpes virus infections and bacterial co-infections. The main clinical syndromes associated with these herpetic infections, as well as prevailing nosological forms of concomitant diseases were revealed. The revealed clinical syndromes and functioning characteristics of an antiviral protection will allow developing of a conceptual, individualized, etio- and immunopathogenetic therapy

Diammine(2,2′-bipyridine)­bis(thio­cyan­ato­-κN)cobalt(III) diamminetetra­kis(thio­cyanato­-κN)chromate(III) aceto­nitrile disolvate

The new heterometallic title complex, [Co(NCS)2(C10H8N2)(NH3)2][Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2]·2CH3CN, has been prepared using the open-air reaction of cobalt powder, Reineckes salt and 2,2′-bipyridine (dpy) in acetonitrile. The crystal structure consists of discrete cationic [Co(NCS)2(NH3)2(dpy)]+ and anionic [Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2]− building blocks, both with 2 symmetry, and acetonitrile solvent mol­ecules, which are linked together by N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming extended supra­molecular chains. Furthermore, N—H⋯S, C—H⋯S and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds inter­link neighbouring chains into a three-dimensional framework. The Co atom is in an elongated octa­hedral coordination environment with two N atoms from the dpy ligands and two NCS-groups in the equatorial plane and with two NH3 mol­ecules at the axial positions. The CrIII ion is octa­hedraly coordinated by two NH3 mol­ecules at the axial positions and four NCS-groups in the equatorial plane. Intensity statistics indicated non-merohedral twinning with the twin matrix [100; 00; 0]. The refined ratio of the twin components is 0.530 (1):0.470 (1)

EARLY DIAGNOSTICS OF AUTOINFLAMMATORY DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH POST-VIRAL CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN CHRONIC MIXED HERPES VIRAL INFECTIONS

The steady increase in the number of autoimmune diseases and immune-mediated autoinflammatory processes causes an increased interest of doctors of all specialties in this topic and makes the issue of early detection of autoimmune disorders / autoimmune syndrome (AS) extremely urgent. These disorders often develop against the backdrop of an atypical stream of chronic active viral infections caused by persistent viruses, in particular those of the Herpesviridae family, and remain undiagnosed due to polysymptomatic disease, and various “clinical masks” of the disorders caused by them. The semi-quantitative method developed by us for screening assessment of the content of autoantibodies in the blood serum of patients suffering from ACAI caused by herpes viruses using the ELISA method (Immunodot) is a highly specific screening method that can allow for an objective assessment of the dynamics of the autoimmune process, as well as control the effectiveness of the ongoing complex antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy. The detection of autoantibodies of various specificity in the blood serum of patients suffering from an atypical chronic active infection caused by herpes viruses (ACAI) is an early diagnostic marker, necessary, first of all, to identify autoimmune pathology of the nervous system, which is associated with a long course of the active mixed herpes-viral process

Peculiarities of post-viral chronic fatigue syndrome associated with mild cognitive decline in patients with atypical chronic active herpesvirus infections

According to modern ideas, changes in the functioning of the immune system affect the immune processes in the nervous system, contributing to the development of neuro-immuno-inflammation and thereby indirectly affect the rate of progression of neurodegenerative processes. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of post-viral chronic fatigue syndrome and cognitive impairment (aMCI) among patients with atypical, chronic active herpesvirus infections (ACA-HVI).Under our supervision were 126 patients of both sexes aged 18 to 60 years with ACA-HVI.It was established that mono-EBV infection affects 27.7%; mixed EBV infection is observed in 72.3% of patients. When assessing cognitive functioning using CGI, MMSE scales, the incidence of aMCI was found to be 68.3%: with mixed HVI — 87.4%, with mono HVI — 38.8%. During the study, significant limitations were identified in the use of standard scales due to the impossibility of conducting a comprehensive assessment of clinical status parameters and cognitive dysfunctions, as well as correlation of these parameters and assessment of dynamics of the immunocorrection. To achieve this goal the Scale of assessment of the criterion clinical symptoms of patients with ACA-HVI with CFS was used. It was shown that in mixed-HVI, the severity of symptoms exceeded the severity of symptoms of patients with mono-HVI and was 52.7 (43.1-62.2) and 38.0 (31.9-42.8) points, respectively (p > 0.05). Thus, it was found that patients suffering from mixed HVI have more pronounced, severe manifestations of CFS and aMCI, which are 1.5 times higher than similar manifestations in patients with mono-HVI, significantly reducing the quality of life of these patients, worsening their social adaptation.Prolonged persistence of herpes viruses in immune-compromised people creates conditions for constant antigenic stimulation and immune imbalance with the onset of secondary immunodeficiency or clinical manifestation of existing primary disorders in the immune system, which creates the prerequisites for the development of neuro-immuno-inflammatory changes in nervous system, followed by the formation of clinical manifestations of ME/CFS with different cognitive impairments that may be classified as aMCI

Neuroprotective effects of taurine and 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives in the intracerebral hemorrhage model in rats

At present, the problem of pharmacological correction of free radical processess emerges full-blown. The aim of the study is an experimental study of the neuroprotective effect of taurine and 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives The study was performed in Wistar rats. The neuroprotective effect of the substances was studied in the intracerebral hemorrhage mode

Gel with Ectoine improves wound healing on a thermal burn model in rats

Due to the ability to create complexes of water molecules on the surface of the mucous membrane, ectoine is a promising compound for the treatment of burns. Evaluate the reparative activity of Ectoine using the thermal burn model in rats. In male rats (n=30), 2 thermal burns were counteracted under counter-anesthesia, one of which was treated by topical application of the test drugs for 7 days, and the other served as a contro